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Open Access 01-08-2011 | CDG - an update

Metabolic cutis laxa syndromes

Authors: Miski Mohamed, Dorus Kouwenberg, Thatjana Gardeitchik, Uwe Kornak, Ron A. Wevers, Eva Morava

Published in: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease | Issue 4/2011

Abstract

Cutis laxa is a rare skin disorder characterized by wrinkled, redundant, inelastic and sagging skin due to defective synthesis of elastic fibers and other proteins of the extracellular matrix. Wrinkled, inelastic skin occurs in many cases as an acquired condition. Syndromic forms of cutis laxa, however, are caused by diverse genetic defects, mostly coding for structural extracellular matrix proteins. Surprisingly a number of metabolic disorders have been also found to be associated with inherited cutis laxa. Menkes disease was the first metabolic disease reported with old-looking, wrinkled skin. Cutis laxa has recently been found in patients with abnormal glycosylation. The discovery of the COG7 defect in patients with wrinkled, inelastic skin was the first genetic link with the Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG). Since then several inborn errors of metabolism with cutis laxa have been described with variable severity. These include P5CS, ATP6V0A2-CDG and PYCR1 defects. In spite of the evolving number of cutis laxa-related diseases a large part of the cases remain genetically unsolved. In metabolic cutis laxa syndromes the clinical and laboratory features might partially overlap, however there are some distinct, discriminative features. In this review on metabolic diseases causing cutis laxa we offer a practical approach for the differential diagnosis of metabolic cutis laxa syndromes.

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Title: Metabolic cutis laxa syndromes
Authors: Miski Mohamed
Dorus Kouwenberg
Thatjana Gardeitchik
Uwe Kornak
Ron A. Wevers
Eva Morava
Publication date: 01-08-2011
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease / Issue 4/2011
Print ISSN: 0141-8955
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2665
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10545-011-9305-9

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