Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 3/2011

01-06-2011 | SSIEM Symposium 2010

On the future of “omics”: lipidomics

Authors: William J. Griffiths, Michael Ogundare, Christopher M. Williams, Yuqin Wang

Published in: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease | Issue 3/2011

Login to get access

Abstract

Summary

Following in the wake of the genomic and proteomic revolutions new fields of “omics” research are emerging. The metabolome provides the natural complement to the genome and proteome, however, the extreme physicochemical diversity of the metabolome leads to a subdivision of metabolites into compounds soluble in aqueous solutions or those soluble in organic solvents. A complete molecular and quantitative investigation of the latter when isolated from tissue, fluid or cells constitutes lipidomics. Like proteomics, lipidomics is a subject which is both technology driven and technology driving, with the primary technologies being mass spectrometry, with or without on-line chromatography and computer-assisted data analysis. In this paper we will examine the underlying fundamentals of different lipidomic experimental approaches including the “shotgun” and “top-down” global approaches, and the more targeted liquid chromatography – or gas chromatography – mass spectrometry approaches. Application of these approaches to the identification of in-born errors of metabolism will be discussed.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
go back to reference Adachi R, Honma Y, Masuno H, Kawana K, Shimomura I, Yamada S, Makishima M (2005) Selective activation of vitamin D receptor by lithocholic acid acetate, a bile acid derivative. J Lipid Res 46:46–57PubMedCrossRef Adachi R, Honma Y, Masuno H, Kawana K, Shimomura I, Yamada S, Makishima M (2005) Selective activation of vitamin D receptor by lithocholic acid acetate, a bile acid derivative. J Lipid Res 46:46–57PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Andreyev AY, Fahy E, Guan Z, Kelly S, Li X, McDonald JG, Milne S, Myers D, Park H, Ryan A, Thompson BM, Wang E, Zhao Y, Brown HA, Merrill AH, Raetz CR, Russell DW, Subramaniam S, Dennis EA (2010) Subcellular organelle lipidomics in TLR-4-activated macrophages. J Lipid Res 51:2785–2797PubMedCrossRef Andreyev AY, Fahy E, Guan Z, Kelly S, Li X, McDonald JG, Milne S, Myers D, Park H, Ryan A, Thompson BM, Wang E, Zhao Y, Brown HA, Merrill AH, Raetz CR, Russell DW, Subramaniam S, Dennis EA (2010) Subcellular organelle lipidomics in TLR-4-activated macrophages. J Lipid Res 51:2785–2797PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Axelson M, Mörk B, Sjövall J (1988) Occurrence of 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid, 3 beta, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid, and 7 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid as normal constituents in human blood. J Lipid Res 29:629–641PubMed Axelson M, Mörk B, Sjövall J (1988) Occurrence of 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid, 3 beta, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid, and 7 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid as normal constituents in human blood. J Lipid Res 29:629–641PubMed
go back to reference Axelson M, Sjövall J (1990) Potential bile acid precursors in plasma–possible indicators of biosynthetic pathways to cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids in man. J Steroid Biochem 36:631–640PubMedCrossRef Axelson M, Sjövall J (1990) Potential bile acid precursors in plasma–possible indicators of biosynthetic pathways to cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids in man. J Steroid Biochem 36:631–640PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bauman DR, Bitmansour AD, McDonald JG, Thompson BM, Liang G, Russell DW (2009) 25-Hydroxycholesterol secreted by macrophages in response to Toll-like receptor activation suppresses immunoglobulin A production. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:16764–16769PubMedCrossRef Bauman DR, Bitmansour AD, McDonald JG, Thompson BM, Liang G, Russell DW (2009) 25-Hydroxycholesterol secreted by macrophages in response to Toll-like receptor activation suppresses immunoglobulin A production. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:16764–16769PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bensinger SJ, Bradley MN, Joseph SB, Zelcer N, Janssen EM, Hausner MA, Shih R, Parks JS, Edwards PA, Jamieson BD, Tontonoz P (2008) LXR signaling couples sterol metabolism to proliferation in the acquired immune response. Cell 134:97–111PubMedCrossRef Bensinger SJ, Bradley MN, Joseph SB, Zelcer N, Janssen EM, Hausner MA, Shih R, Parks JS, Edwards PA, Jamieson BD, Tontonoz P (2008) LXR signaling couples sterol metabolism to proliferation in the acquired immune response. Cell 134:97–111PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Beynon JH (1954) Qualitative analysis of organic compounds by mass spectrometry. Nature 174:735CrossRef Beynon JH (1954) Qualitative analysis of organic compounds by mass spectrometry. Nature 174:735CrossRef
go back to reference Björkhem I, Andersson U, Ellis E, Alvelius G, Ellegard L, Diczfalusy U, Sjövall J, Einarsson C (2001) From brain to bile. Evidence that conjugation and omega-hydroxylation are important for elimination of 24 S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) in humans. J Biol Chem 276:37004–37010PubMedCrossRef Björkhem I, Andersson U, Ellis E, Alvelius G, Ellegard L, Diczfalusy U, Sjövall J, Einarsson C (2001) From brain to bile. Evidence that conjugation and omega-hydroxylation are important for elimination of 24 S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) in humans. J Biol Chem 276:37004–37010PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bodin K, Andersson U, Rystedt E, Ellis E, Norlin M, Pikuleva I, Eggertsen G, Björkhem I, Diczfalusy U (2002) Metabolism of 4 beta -hydroxycholesterol in humans. J Biol Chem 277:31534–31540PubMedCrossRef Bodin K, Andersson U, Rystedt E, Ellis E, Norlin M, Pikuleva I, Eggertsen G, Björkhem I, Diczfalusy U (2002) Metabolism of 4 beta -hydroxycholesterol in humans. J Biol Chem 277:31534–31540PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Brown M, Dunn WB, Dobson P, Patel Y, Winder CL, Francis-McIntyre S, Begley P, Carroll K, Broadhurst D, Tseng A, Swainston N, Spasic I, Goodacre R, Kell DB (2009) Mass spectrometry tools and metabolite-specific databases for molecular identification in metabolomics. Analyst 134:1322–1332PubMedCrossRef Brown M, Dunn WB, Dobson P, Patel Y, Winder CL, Francis-McIntyre S, Begley P, Carroll K, Broadhurst D, Tseng A, Swainston N, Spasic I, Goodacre R, Kell DB (2009) Mass spectrometry tools and metabolite-specific databases for molecular identification in metabolomics. Analyst 134:1322–1332PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Burkard I, von EA, Rentsch KM (2005) Differentiated quantification of human bile acids in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 826:147–159PubMedCrossRef Burkard I, von EA, Rentsch KM (2005) Differentiated quantification of human bile acids in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 826:147–159PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cheng H, Jiang X, Han X (2007) Alterations in lipid homeostasis of mouse dorsal root ganglia induced by apolipoprotein E deficiency: a shotgun lipidomics study. J Neurochem 101:57–76PubMedCrossRef Cheng H, Jiang X, Han X (2007) Alterations in lipid homeostasis of mouse dorsal root ganglia induced by apolipoprotein E deficiency: a shotgun lipidomics study. J Neurochem 101:57–76PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Christie WW, Han X (2010) Lipid extraction, storage and sample handling. In: Lipid Analysis - Isolation, Separation, Identification and Lipidomic Analysis. The Oily Press, Bridgewater, England, pp 55–69 Christie WW, Han X (2010) Lipid extraction, storage and sample handling. In: Lipid Analysis - Isolation, Separation, Identification and Lipidomic Analysis. The Oily Press, Bridgewater, England, pp 55–69
go back to reference Dennis EA, Brown AH, Deems RA, Glass CK, Merrill AH, Murphy RC, Raetz CR, Subramaniam S, Russell DW, vanNieuwenhze MS, White SH, Witztum JL, Wooley J (2005) The LIPID MAPS approach to lipidomics. In: Feng L, Prestwich G (eds) Functional Lipidomics. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, pp 1–15CrossRef Dennis EA, Brown AH, Deems RA, Glass CK, Merrill AH, Murphy RC, Raetz CR, Subramaniam S, Russell DW, vanNieuwenhze MS, White SH, Witztum JL, Wooley J (2005) The LIPID MAPS approach to lipidomics. In: Feng L, Prestwich G (eds) Functional Lipidomics. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, pp 1–15CrossRef
go back to reference Dzeletovic S, Breuer O, Lund E, Diczfalusy U (1995) Determination of cholesterol oxidation products in human plasma by isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 225:73–80PubMedCrossRef Dzeletovic S, Breuer O, Lund E, Diczfalusy U (1995) Determination of cholesterol oxidation products in human plasma by isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 225:73–80PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ejsing CS, Duchoslav E, Sampaio J, Simons K, Bonner R, Thiele C, Ekroos K, Shevchenko A (2006) Automated identification and quantification of glycerophospholipid molecular species by multiple precursor ion scanning. Anal Chem 78:6202–6214PubMedCrossRef Ejsing CS, Duchoslav E, Sampaio J, Simons K, Bonner R, Thiele C, Ekroos K, Shevchenko A (2006) Automated identification and quantification of glycerophospholipid molecular species by multiple precursor ion scanning. Anal Chem 78:6202–6214PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Goodwin B, Gauthier KC, Umetani M, Watson MA, Lochansky MI, Collins JL, Leitersdorf E, Mangelsdorf DJ, Kliewer SA, Repa JJ (2003) Identification of bile acid precursors as endogenous ligands for the nuclear xenobiotic pregnane X receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:223–228PubMedCrossRef Goodwin B, Gauthier KC, Umetani M, Watson MA, Lochansky MI, Collins JL, Leitersdorf E, Mangelsdorf DJ, Kliewer SA, Repa JJ (2003) Identification of bile acid precursors as endogenous ligands for the nuclear xenobiotic pregnane X receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:223–228PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Graessler J, Schwudke D, Schwarz PE, Herzog R, Shevchenko A, Bornstein SR (2009) Top-down lipidomics reveals ether lipid deficiency in blood plasma of hypertensive patients. PLoS ONE 4:e6261PubMedCrossRef Graessler J, Schwudke D, Schwarz PE, Herzog R, Shevchenko A, Bornstein SR (2009) Top-down lipidomics reveals ether lipid deficiency in blood plasma of hypertensive patients. PLoS ONE 4:e6261PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths WJ (2003) Tandem mass spectrometry in the study of fatty acids, bile acids, and steroids. Mass Spectrom Rev 22:81–152PubMedCrossRef Griffiths WJ (2003) Tandem mass spectrometry in the study of fatty acids, bile acids, and steroids. Mass Spectrom Rev 22:81–152PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths WJ, Hornshaw M, Woffendin G, Baker SF, Lockhart A, Heidelberger S, Gustafsson M, Sjovall J, Wang Y (2008) Discovering oxysterols in plasma: a window on the metabolome. J Proteome Res 7:3602–3612PubMedCrossRef Griffiths WJ, Hornshaw M, Woffendin G, Baker SF, Lockhart A, Heidelberger S, Gustafsson M, Sjovall J, Wang Y (2008) Discovering oxysterols in plasma: a window on the metabolome. J Proteome Res 7:3602–3612PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths WJ, Sjövall J (2010a) Analytical strategies for characterization of bile acid and oxysterol metabolomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 396:80–84PubMedCrossRef Griffiths WJ, Sjövall J (2010a) Analytical strategies for characterization of bile acid and oxysterol metabolomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 396:80–84PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths WJ, Sjövall J (2010b) Bile acids: analysis in biological fluids and tissues. J Lipid Res 51:23–41PubMedCrossRef Griffiths WJ, Sjövall J (2010b) Bile acids: analysis in biological fluids and tissues. J Lipid Res 51:23–41PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths WJ, Wang Y (2009) Mass spectrometry: from proteomics to metabolomics and lipidomics. Chem Soc Rev 38:1882–1896PubMedCrossRef Griffiths WJ, Wang Y (2009) Mass spectrometry: from proteomics to metabolomics and lipidomics. Chem Soc Rev 38:1882–1896PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Griffiths WJ, Wang Y, Alvelius G, Liu S, Bodin K, Sjövall J (2006) Analysis of oxysterols by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 17:341–362PubMedCrossRef Griffiths WJ, Wang Y, Alvelius G, Liu S, Bodin K, Sjövall J (2006) Analysis of oxysterols by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 17:341–362PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gross RW, Han X (2009) Shotgun lipidomics of neutral lipids as an enabling technology for elucidation of lipid-related diseases. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297:E297–E303PubMedCrossRef Gross RW, Han X (2009) Shotgun lipidomics of neutral lipids as an enabling technology for elucidation of lipid-related diseases. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297:E297–E303PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Han X, Gross RW (2003) Global analyses of cellular lipidomes directly from crude extracts of biological samples by ESI mass spectrometry: a bridge to lipidomics. J Lipid Res 44:1071–1079PubMedCrossRef Han X, Gross RW (2003) Global analyses of cellular lipidomes directly from crude extracts of biological samples by ESI mass spectrometry: a bridge to lipidomics. J Lipid Res 44:1071–1079PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Han X, Gross RW (2005) Shotgun lipidomics: electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis and quantitation of cellular lipidomes directly from crude extracts of biological samples. Mass Spectrom Rev 24:367–412PubMedCrossRef Han X, Gross RW (2005) Shotgun lipidomics: electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis and quantitation of cellular lipidomes directly from crude extracts of biological samples. Mass Spectrom Rev 24:367–412PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Han X, Yang K, Cheng H, Fikes KN, Gross RW (2005) Shotgun lipidomics of phosphoethanolamine-containing lipids in biological samples after one-step in situ derivatization. J Lipid Res 46:1548–1560PubMedCrossRef Han X, Yang K, Cheng H, Fikes KN, Gross RW (2005) Shotgun lipidomics of phosphoethanolamine-containing lipids in biological samples after one-step in situ derivatization. J Lipid Res 46:1548–1560PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Han X, Yang K, Gross RW (2008) Microfluidics-based electrospray ionization enhances the intrasource separation of lipid classes and extends identification of individual molecular species through multi-dimensional mass spectrometry: development of an automated high-throughput platform for shotgun lipidomics. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22:2115–2124PubMedCrossRef Han X, Yang K, Gross RW (2008) Microfluidics-based electrospray ionization enhances the intrasource separation of lipid classes and extends identification of individual molecular species through multi-dimensional mass spectrometry: development of an automated high-throughput platform for shotgun lipidomics. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22:2115–2124PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Honda A, Yamashita K, Hara T, Ikegami T, Miyazaki T, Shirai M, Xu G, Numazawa M, Matsuzaki Y (2009) Highly sensitive quantification of key regulatory oxysterols in biological samples by LC-ESI-MS/MS. J Lipid Res 50:350–357PubMedCrossRef Honda A, Yamashita K, Hara T, Ikegami T, Miyazaki T, Shirai M, Xu G, Numazawa M, Matsuzaki Y (2009) Highly sensitive quantification of key regulatory oxysterols in biological samples by LC-ESI-MS/MS. J Lipid Res 50:350–357PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hübner G, Crone C, Lindner B (2009) lipID–a software tool for automated assignment of lipids in mass spectra. J Mass Spectrom 44:1676–1683PubMed Hübner G, Crone C, Lindner B (2009) lipID–a software tool for automated assignment of lipids in mass spectra. J Mass Spectrom 44:1676–1683PubMed
go back to reference Hunt AN, Macken M, Koster G, Kohler JA, Postle AD (2008) Diclofenac mediated derangement of neuroblastoma cell lipidomic profiles is accompanied by increased phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. Adv Enzyme Regul 48:74–87PubMedCrossRef Hunt AN, Macken M, Koster G, Kohler JA, Postle AD (2008) Diclofenac mediated derangement of neuroblastoma cell lipidomic profiles is accompanied by increased phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. Adv Enzyme Regul 48:74–87PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Janowski BA, Grogan MJ, Jones SA, Wisely GB, Kliewer SA, Corey EJ, Mangelsdorf DJ (1999) Structural requirements of ligands for the oxysterol liver X receptors LXRalpha and LXRbeta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:266–271PubMedCrossRef Janowski BA, Grogan MJ, Jones SA, Wisely GB, Kliewer SA, Corey EJ, Mangelsdorf DJ (1999) Structural requirements of ligands for the oxysterol liver X receptors LXRalpha and LXRbeta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:266–271PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jiang X, Ory DS, Han X (2007) Characterization of oxysterols by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry after one-step derivatization with dimethylglycine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21:141–152PubMedCrossRef Jiang X, Ory DS, Han X (2007) Characterization of oxysterols by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry after one-step derivatization with dimethylglycine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21:141–152PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Karu K, Hornshaw M, Woffendin G, Bodin K, Hamberg M, Alvelius G, Sjövall J, Turton J, Wang Y, Griffiths WJ (2007) Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry utilizing multi-stage fragmentation for the identification of oxysterols. J Lipid Res 48:976–987PubMedCrossRef Karu K, Hornshaw M, Woffendin G, Bodin K, Hamberg M, Alvelius G, Sjövall J, Turton J, Wang Y, Griffiths WJ (2007) Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry utilizing multi-stage fragmentation for the identification of oxysterols. J Lipid Res 48:976–987PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lemonde HA, Custard EJ, Bouquet J, Duran M, Overmars H, Scambler PJ, Clayton PT (2003) Mutations in SRD5B1 (AKR1D1), the gene encoding delta(4)-3-oxosteroid 5beta-reductase, in hepatitis and liver failure in infancy. Gut 52:1494–1499PubMedCrossRef Lemonde HA, Custard EJ, Bouquet J, Duran M, Overmars H, Scambler PJ, Clayton PT (2003) Mutations in SRD5B1 (AKR1D1), the gene encoding delta(4)-3-oxosteroid 5beta-reductase, in hepatitis and liver failure in infancy. Gut 52:1494–1499PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference McDonald JG, Thompson BM, McCrum EC, Russell DW (2007) Extraction and analysis of sterols in biological matrices by high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Methods Enzymol 432:145–170PubMedCrossRef McDonald JG, Thompson BM, McCrum EC, Russell DW (2007) Extraction and analysis of sterols in biological matrices by high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Methods Enzymol 432:145–170PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Meng LJ, Griffiths WJ, Nazer H, Yang Y, Sjövall J (1997) High levels of (24S)-24-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate, 24-glucuronide in the serum and urine of children with severe cholestatic liver disease. J Lipid Res 38:926–934PubMed Meng LJ, Griffiths WJ, Nazer H, Yang Y, Sjövall J (1997) High levels of (24S)-24-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate, 24-glucuronide in the serum and urine of children with severe cholestatic liver disease. J Lipid Res 38:926–934PubMed
go back to reference Nishimaki-Mogami T, Une M, Fujino T, Sato Y, Tamehiro N, Kawahara Y, Shudo K, Inoue K (2004) Identification of intermediates in the bile acid synthetic pathway as ligands for the farnesoid X receptor. J Lipid Res 45:1538–1545PubMedCrossRef Nishimaki-Mogami T, Une M, Fujino T, Sato Y, Tamehiro N, Kawahara Y, Shudo K, Inoue K (2004) Identification of intermediates in the bile acid synthetic pathway as ligands for the farnesoid X receptor. J Lipid Res 45:1538–1545PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ogundare M, Theofilopoulos S, Lockhart A, Hall LJ, Arenas E, Sjovall J, Brenton AG, Wang Y, Griffiths WJ (2010) Cerebrospinal fluid steroidomics: are bioactive bile acids present in brain? J Biol Chem 285:4666–4679PubMedCrossRef Ogundare M, Theofilopoulos S, Lockhart A, Hall LJ, Arenas E, Sjovall J, Brenton AG, Wang Y, Griffiths WJ (2010) Cerebrospinal fluid steroidomics: are bioactive bile acids present in brain? J Biol Chem 285:4666–4679PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pulfer M, Murphy RC (2003) Electrospray mass spectrometry of phospholipids. Mass Spectrom Rev 22:332–364PubMedCrossRef Pulfer M, Murphy RC (2003) Electrospray mass spectrometry of phospholipids. Mass Spectrom Rev 22:332–364PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Quehenberger O, Armando AM, Brown AH, Milne SB, Myers DS, Merrill AH, Bandyopadhyay S, Jones KN, Kelly S, Shaner RL, Sullards CM, Wang E, Murphy RC, Barkley RM, Leiker TJ, Raetz CR, Guan Z, Laird GM, Six DA, Russell DW, McDonald JG, Subramaniam S, Fahy E and Dennis EA (2010) Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human plasma. J. Lipid Res 51:3299–3305PubMedCrossRef Quehenberger O, Armando AM, Brown AH, Milne SB, Myers DS, Merrill AH, Bandyopadhyay S, Jones KN, Kelly S, Shaner RL, Sullards CM, Wang E, Murphy RC, Barkley RM, Leiker TJ, Raetz CR, Guan Z, Laird GM, Six DA, Russell DW, McDonald JG, Subramaniam S, Fahy E and Dennis EA (2010) Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human plasma. J. Lipid Res 51:3299–3305PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Radhakrishnan A, Ikeda Y, Kwon HJ, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (2007) Sterol-regulated transport of SREBPs from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi: oxysterols block transport by binding to Insig. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:6511–6518PubMedCrossRef Radhakrishnan A, Ikeda Y, Kwon HJ, Brown MS, Goldstein JL (2007) Sterol-regulated transport of SREBPs from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi: oxysterols block transport by binding to Insig. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:6511–6518PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Russell DW (2003) The enzymes, regulation, and genetics of bile acid synthesis. Annu Rev Biochem 72:137–174PubMedCrossRef Russell DW (2003) The enzymes, regulation, and genetics of bile acid synthesis. Annu Rev Biochem 72:137–174PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ryhage R, Stenhagan E (1960) Mass spectrometry in lipid research. J Lipid Res 1:361–390PubMed Ryhage R, Stenhagan E (1960) Mass spectrometry in lipid research. J Lipid Res 1:361–390PubMed
go back to reference Sandra K, Pereira AS, Vanhoenacker G, David F, Sandra P (2010) Comprehensive blood plasma lipidomics by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1217:4087–4099PubMedCrossRef Sandra K, Pereira AS, Vanhoenacker G, David F, Sandra P (2010) Comprehensive blood plasma lipidomics by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1217:4087–4099PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schiller J, Suss R, Fuchs B, Muller M, Zschornig O, Arnold K (2007) MALDI-TOF MS in lipidomics. Front Biosci 12:2568–2579PubMedCrossRef Schiller J, Suss R, Fuchs B, Muller M, Zschornig O, Arnold K (2007) MALDI-TOF MS in lipidomics. Front Biosci 12:2568–2579PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schroepfer GJ (2000) Oxysterols: modulators of cholesterol metabolism and other processes. Physiol Rev 80:361–554PubMed Schroepfer GJ (2000) Oxysterols: modulators of cholesterol metabolism and other processes. Physiol Rev 80:361–554PubMed
go back to reference Schwudke D, Hannich JT, Surendranath V, Grimard V, Moehring T, Burton L, Kurzchalia T, Shevchenko A (2007) Top-down lipidomic screens by multivariate analysis of high-resolution survey mass spectra. Anal Chem 79:4083–4093PubMedCrossRef Schwudke D, Hannich JT, Surendranath V, Grimard V, Moehring T, Burton L, Kurzchalia T, Shevchenko A (2007) Top-down lipidomic screens by multivariate analysis of high-resolution survey mass spectra. Anal Chem 79:4083–4093PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Setchell KD, Heubi JE (2006) Defects in bile acid biosynthesis–diagnosis and treatment. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 43(Suppl 1):S17–S22PubMed Setchell KD, Heubi JE (2006) Defects in bile acid biosynthesis–diagnosis and treatment. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 43(Suppl 1):S17–S22PubMed
go back to reference Shefer S, Cheng FW, Dayal B, Hauser S, Tint GS, Salen G, Mosbach EH (1976) A 25-hydroxylation pathway of cholic acid biosynthesis in man and rat. J Clin Invest 57:897–903PubMedCrossRef Shefer S, Cheng FW, Dayal B, Hauser S, Tint GS, Salen G, Mosbach EH (1976) A 25-hydroxylation pathway of cholic acid biosynthesis in man and rat. J Clin Invest 57:897–903PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sjövall J (2004) Fifty years with bile acids and steroids in health and disease. Lipids 39:703–722PubMed Sjövall J (2004) Fifty years with bile acids and steroids in health and disease. Lipids 39:703–722PubMed
go back to reference Sjövall J, Griffiths WJ, Setchell KD, Mano N, Goto J (2010) Analysis of bile acids. In: Makin HJ, Gower DB (eds) Steroid Analysis. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 837–966CrossRef Sjövall J, Griffiths WJ, Setchell KD, Mano N, Goto J (2010) Analysis of bile acids. In: Makin HJ, Gower DB (eds) Steroid Analysis. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 837–966CrossRef
go back to reference Subramaniam P, Clayton PT, Portmann BC, Mieli-Vergani G, Hadzic N (2010) Variable clinical spectrum of the most common inborn error of bile acid metabolism–3beta-hydroxy-Delta 5–C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 50:61–66PubMedCrossRef Subramaniam P, Clayton PT, Portmann BC, Mieli-Vergani G, Hadzic N (2010) Variable clinical spectrum of the most common inborn error of bile acid metabolism–3beta-hydroxy-Delta 5–C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 50:61–66PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wang Y, Sousa KM, Bodin K, Theofilopoulos S, Sacchetti P, Hornshaw M, Woffendin G, Karu K, Sjovall J, Arenas E, Griffiths WJ (2009) Targeted lipidomic analysis of oxysterols in the embryonic central nervous system. Mol Biosyst 5:529–541PubMedCrossRef Wang Y, Sousa KM, Bodin K, Theofilopoulos S, Sacchetti P, Hornshaw M, Woffendin G, Karu K, Sjovall J, Arenas E, Griffiths WJ (2009) Targeted lipidomic analysis of oxysterols in the embryonic central nervous system. Mol Biosyst 5:529–541PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Eisner R, Young N, Gautam B, Hau DD, Psychogios N, Dong E, Bouatra S, Mandal R, Sinelnikov I, Xia J, Jia L, Cruz JA, Lim E, Sobsey CA, Shrivastava S, Huang P, Liu P, Fang L, Peng J, Fradette R, Cheng D, Tzur D, Clements M, Lewis A, De SA, Zuniga A, Dawe M, Xiong Y, Clive D, Greiner R, Nazyrova A, Shaykhutdinov R, Li L, Vogel HJ, Forsythe I (2009) HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D603–D610PubMedCrossRef Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Eisner R, Young N, Gautam B, Hau DD, Psychogios N, Dong E, Bouatra S, Mandal R, Sinelnikov I, Xia J, Jia L, Cruz JA, Lim E, Sobsey CA, Shrivastava S, Huang P, Liu P, Fang L, Peng J, Fradette R, Cheng D, Tzur D, Clements M, Lewis A, De SA, Zuniga A, Dawe M, Xiong Y, Clive D, Greiner R, Nazyrova A, Shaykhutdinov R, Li L, Vogel HJ, Forsythe I (2009) HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D603–D610PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Yang K, Cheng H, Gross RW, Han X (2009) Automated lipid identification and quantification by multidimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics. Anal Chem 81:4356–4368PubMedCrossRef Yang K, Cheng H, Gross RW, Han X (2009) Automated lipid identification and quantification by multidimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics. Anal Chem 81:4356–4368PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Zelena E, Dunn WB, Broadhurst D, Francis-McIntyre S, Carroll KM, Begley P, O'Hagan S, Knowles JD, Halsall A, Wilson ID, Kell DB (2009) Development of a robust and repeatable UPLC-MS method for the long-term metabolomic study of human serum. Anal Chem 81:1357–1364PubMedCrossRef Zelena E, Dunn WB, Broadhurst D, Francis-McIntyre S, Carroll KM, Begley P, O'Hagan S, Knowles JD, Halsall A, Wilson ID, Kell DB (2009) Development of a robust and repeatable UPLC-MS method for the long-term metabolomic study of human serum. Anal Chem 81:1357–1364PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Zhang J, Xue Y, Jondal M, Sjovall J (1997) 7alpha-Hydroxylation and 3-dehydrogenation abolish the ability of 25-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol to induce apoptosis in thymocytes. Eur J Biochem 247:129–135PubMedCrossRef Zhang J, Xue Y, Jondal M, Sjovall J (1997) 7alpha-Hydroxylation and 3-dehydrogenation abolish the ability of 25-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol to induce apoptosis in thymocytes. Eur J Biochem 247:129–135PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
On the future of “omics”: lipidomics
Authors
William J. Griffiths
Michael Ogundare
Christopher M. Williams
Yuqin Wang
Publication date
01-06-2011
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease / Issue 3/2011
Print ISSN: 0141-8955
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2665
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10545-010-9274-4

Other articles of this Issue 3/2011

Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 3/2011 Go to the issue