Skip to main content
Top
Published in: AIDS and Behavior 3/2017

01-03-2017 | Brief Report

The Impact of Positive Income Shocks on Risky Sexual Behavior: Experimental Evidence from Tanzania

Authors: Zachary Wagner, Erick Gong, Damien de Walque, William H. Dow

Published in: AIDS and Behavior | Issue 3/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

In this paper, we exploit a lottery in Tanzania, which randomly assigned eligible participants to receive $100 cash grants. The randomized nature of the lottery allows us to estimate the causal impact of positive income shocks on risky sexual behavior. We found that winning the lottery led men to have 0.28 (95 % CI 0.14, 0.55) more sexual partners and to a 0.21 (95 % CI 0.01–0.4) increase in the probability of unprotected sex with a non-primary partner relative to a control group of eligible non-winners. We found no significant effect of winning the lottery on the sexual behavior of women.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
2.
go back to reference Chen L, Jha P, Stirling B, et al. Sexual risk factors for HIV infection in early and advanced HIV epidemics in Sub-Saharan Africa: systematic overview of 68 epidemiological studies. PLoS One. 2007;2(10):e1001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chen L, Jha P, Stirling B, et al. Sexual risk factors for HIV infection in early and advanced HIV epidemics in Sub-Saharan Africa: systematic overview of 68 epidemiological studies. PLoS One. 2007;2(10):e1001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Burke M, Gong E, Jones K. Income shocks and HIV in Africa. Econ J. 2014;125:1157–89.CrossRef Burke M, Gong E, Jones K. Income shocks and HIV in Africa. Econ J. 2014;125:1157–89.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Baird SJ, Garfein RS, McIntosh CT, Özler B. Effect of a cash transfer programme for schooling on prevalence of HIV and herpes simplex type 2 in Malawi: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9823):1320–9.CrossRefPubMed Baird SJ, Garfein RS, McIntosh CT, Özler B. Effect of a cash transfer programme for schooling on prevalence of HIV and herpes simplex type 2 in Malawi: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9823):1320–9.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Kohler H-P, Thornton RL. Conditional cash transfers and HIV/AIDS prevention: unconditionally promising? World Bank Econ Rev. 2011;26:165–90.CrossRef Kohler H-P, Thornton RL. Conditional cash transfers and HIV/AIDS prevention: unconditionally promising? World Bank Econ Rev. 2011;26:165–90.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference de Walque D, Dow WH, Gong E. Coping with risk: the effects of shocks on reproductive health and transactional sex in rural Tanzania. Unpublished 2013. de Walque D, Dow WH, Gong E. Coping with risk: the effects of shocks on reproductive health and transactional sex in rural Tanzania. Unpublished 2013.
7.
go back to reference DHS implementing partners and ICF International. Demographic and Health Surveys 2003–2011 [Dataset, modify years as appropriate]. Data extract from DHS Recode files. IPUMS-Demographic and Health Surveys (IPUMS-DHS), version 3.0, Minnesota Population Center and ICF International [Distributors]. DHS implementing partners and ICF International. Demographic and Health Surveys 2003–2011 [Dataset, modify years as appropriate]. Data extract from DHS Recode files. IPUMS-Demographic and Health Surveys (IPUMS-DHS), version 3.0, Minnesota Population Center and ICF International [Distributors].
8.
go back to reference Glynn JR, Caraël M, Auvert B, et al. Why do young women have a much higher prevalence of HIV than young men? A study in Kisumu, Kenya and Ndola. Zamb Aids. 2001;15:S51–60.CrossRef Glynn JR, Caraël M, Auvert B, et al. Why do young women have a much higher prevalence of HIV than young men? A study in Kisumu, Kenya and Ndola. Zamb Aids. 2001;15:S51–60.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Gertler P, Shah M, Bertozzi SM. Risky business: the market for unprotected commercial sex. J Polit Econ. 2005;113(3):518–50.CrossRef Gertler P, Shah M, Bertozzi SM. Risky business: the market for unprotected commercial sex. J Polit Econ. 2005;113(3):518–50.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Garcia M, Moore CG, Moore CM. The cash dividend: the rise of cash transfer programs in sub-Saharan Africa. Washington: World Bank Publications; 2012.CrossRef Garcia M, Moore CG, Moore CM. The cash dividend: the rise of cash transfer programs in sub-Saharan Africa. Washington: World Bank Publications; 2012.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Björkman-Nyqvist M, de Walque D, Corno L, Svensson J. Using lotteries to incentivize safer sexual behavior: evidence from a randomized controlled trial on HIV prevention. Washington: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper; 2015.CrossRef Björkman-Nyqvist M, de Walque D, Corno L, Svensson J. Using lotteries to incentivize safer sexual behavior: evidence from a randomized controlled trial on HIV prevention. Washington: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper; 2015.CrossRef
12.
Metadata
Title
The Impact of Positive Income Shocks on Risky Sexual Behavior: Experimental Evidence from Tanzania
Authors
Zachary Wagner
Erick Gong
Damien de Walque
William H. Dow
Publication date
01-03-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
AIDS and Behavior / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1524-5

Other articles of this Issue 3/2017

AIDS and Behavior 3/2017 Go to the issue