Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
AIDS and Behavior
Published in: AIDS and Behavior 7/2013

01-09-2013 | Substantive Review

HIV-related Stigma as a Barrier to Achievement of Global PMTCT and Maternal Health Goals: A Review of the Evidence

Authors: Janet M. Turan, Laura Nyblade

Published in: AIDS and Behavior | Issue 7/2013

Login to get access

Abstract

The global community has set goals of virtual elimination of new child HIV infections and 50 percent reduction in HIV-related maternal mortality by the year 2015. Although much progress has been made in expanding prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services, there are serious challenges to these global goals, given low rates of utilization of PMTCT services in many settings. We reviewed the literature from low-income settings to examine how HIV-related stigma affects utilization of the series of steps that women must complete for successful PMTCT. We found that stigma negatively impacts service uptake and adherence at each step of this “PMTCT cascade”. Modeling exercises indicate that these effects are cumulative and therefore significantly affect rates of infant HIV infection. Alongside making clinical services more available, effective, and accessible for pregnant women, there is also a need to integrate stigma-reduction components into PMTCT, maternal, neonatal, and child health services.
Footnotes
1
Specific search terms used included stigma and PMTCT, discrimination and PMTCT, stigma and PMTCT adherence, PMTCT adherence and stigma and discrimination, maternal health and stigma and discrimination, PMTCT cascade, PMTCT adherence, PMTCT and loss to follow-up, antenatal HIV testing, antenatal HIV testing and PMTCT adherence, barriers to PMTCT, HIV testing and cascade, adherence and infant testing, adherence and infant testing and HIV, loss to follow-up and HIV and pregnant women, people living with HIV and pregnant women, AZT adherence, PMTCT uptake and stigma.
 
Literature
1.
UNAIDS. Global plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by, and keeping their mothers alive. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2015. p. 2011.
2.
Lehman DA, John-Stewart GC, Overbaugh J. Antiretroviral strategies to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV: striking a balance between efficacy, feasibility, and resistance. PLoS Med. 2009;6(10):e1000169.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Mofenson LM. Protecting the next generation—eliminating perinatal HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(24):2316–8.PubMedCrossRef
4.
WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF. Global HIV/AIDS response: epidemic update and health sector progress towards universal access: progress report. Geneva: WHO; 2011. p. 2011.
5.
Stringer EM, Ekouevi DK, Coetzee D, Tih PM, Creek TL, Stinson K, et al. Coverage of nevirapine-based services to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in 4 African countries. JAMA. 2010;304(3):293–302.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Sripipatana T, Spensley A, Miller A, McIntyre J, Sangiwa G, Sawe F, et al. Site-specific interventions to improve prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus programs in less developed settings. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;197(3 Suppl):S107–12.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Padian NS, Holmes CB, McCoy SI, Lyerla R, Bouey PD, Goosby EP. Implementation science for the US President’s emergency plan for AIDS relief (PEPFAR). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011;56(3):199–203.PubMedCrossRef
8.
World Health Organization, UNAIDS, UNICEF. Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector: progress report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. p. 2009.
9.
Torpey K, Kabaso M, Kasonde P, Dirks R, Bweupe M, Thompson C, et al. Increasing the uptake of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in a resource-limited setting. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10:29.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Byamugisha R, Tumwine JK, Ndeezi G, Karamagi CA, Tylleskar T. Attitudes to routine HIV counselling and testing, and knowledge about prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional survey among antenatal attendees. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:52.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Stringer EM, Chi BH, Chintu N, Creek TL, Ekouevi DK, Coetzee D, et al. Monitoring effectiveness of programmes to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in lower-income countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86(1):57–62.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Manzi M, Zachariah R, Teck R, Buhendwa L, Kazima J, Bakali E, et al. High acceptability of voluntary counselling and HIV-testing but unacceptable loss to follow up in a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in rural Malawi: scaling-up requires a different way of acting. Tropical Med Int Health. 2005;10(12):1242–50.CrossRef
13.
Ferguson L, Grant AD, Watson-Jones D, Kahawita T, Ong’ech JO, Ross DA. Linking women who test HIV-positive in pregnancy-related services to long-term HIV care and treatment services: a systematic review. Trop Med Int Health. 2012;17:564–80.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Kirsten I, Sewangi J, Kunz A, Dugange F, Ziske J, Jordan-Harder B, et al. Adherence to combination prophylaxis for prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV in Tanzania. PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e21020.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Weiss MG, Ramakrishna J. Stigma interventions and research for international health. Lancet. 2006;367(9509):536–8.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Steward WT, Herek GM, Ramakrishna J, Bharat S, Chandy S, Wrubel J, et al. HIV-related stigma: adapting a theoretical framework for use in India. Soc Sci Med. 2008;67(8):1225–35.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Earnshaw VA, Chaudoir SR. From conceptualizing to measuring HIV stigma: a review of HIV stigma mechanism measures. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(6):1160–77.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Holzemer WL, Human S, Arudo J, Rosa ME, Hamilton MJ, Corless I, et al. Exploring HIV stigma and quality of life for persons living with HIV infection. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2009;20(3):161–8.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Brickley DB, Le Dung Hanh D, Nguyet LT, Mandel JS, Giang le T, Sohn AH. Community, family, and partner-related stigma experienced by pregnant and postpartum women with HIV in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(6):1197–204.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Turan JM, Bukusi EA, Onono M, Holzemer WL, Miller S, Cohen CR. HIV/AIDS stigma and refusal of HIV testing among pregnant women in Rural Kenya: results from the MAMAS Study. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(6):1111–20.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Brown DC, Belue R, Airhihenbuwa CO. HIV and AIDS-related stigma in the context of family support and race in South Africa. Ethn Health. 2010;15(5):441–58.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Kumar A, Hessini L, Mitchell EM. Conceptualising abortion stigma. Cult Health Sex. 2009;11(6):625–39.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Bond V, Chase E, Aggleton P. Stigma, HIV/AIDS and prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Zambia. Eval Program Plan. 2002;25(4):347–56.CrossRef
24.
Turan JM, Miller S, Bukusi EA, Sande J, Cohen CR. HIV/AIDS and maternity care in Kenya: how fears of stigma and discrimination affect uptake and provision of labor and delivery services. AIDS Care. 2008;20(8):938–45.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Strebel A, Crawford M, Shefer T, Cloete A, Henda N, Kaufman M, et al. Social constructions of gender roles, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in two communities of the Western Cape, South Africa. Sahara J. 2006;3(3):516–28.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Sandelowski M, Lambe C, Barroso J. Stigma in HIV-positive women. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2004;36(2):122–8.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Chase E, Aggleton P. Stigma, HIV/AIDS, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission. London: UNICEF and The Panos Institute; 2001.
28.
Bunting SM. Sources of stigma associated with women with HIV. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1996;19(2):64–73.PubMed
29.
Esplen E. Women and girls living with HIV/AIDS: overview and annotated bibliography. Brighton, UK: BRIDGE in collaboration with the International Community of Women Living with HIV and AIDS (ICW); 2007.
30.
Nyblade LC. Measuring HIV stigma: existing knowledge and gaps. Psychol Health Med. 2006;11(3):335–45.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Kendall T. Reproductive rights violations reported by Mexican women with HIV. Health Hum Rights. 2009;11(2):77–87.PubMed
32.
Rahangdale L, Banandur P, Sreenivas A, Turan JM, Washington R, Cohen CR. Stigma as experienced by women accessing prevention of parent-to-child transmission of HIV services in Karnataka, India. AIDS Care. 2010;22(7):836–42.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Kalichman SC, Simbayi LC, Cloete A, Mthembu PP, Mkhonta RN, Ginindza T. Measuring AIDS stigmas in people living with HIV/AIDS: the internalized AIDS-related stigma scale. AIDS Care. 2009;21(1):87–93.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Simbayi LC, Kalichman S, Strebel A, Cloete A, Henda N, Mqeketo A. Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa. Soc Sci Med. 2007;64(9):1823–31.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Vyavaharkar M, Moneyham L, Corwin S, Saunders R, Annang L, Tavakoli A. Relationships between stigma, social support, and depression in HIV-infected African American women living in the rural Southeastern United States. J Assoc Nurs AIDS Care. 2010;21(2):144–52.CrossRef
36.
Laher F, Cescon A, Lazarus E, Kaida A, Makongoza M, Hogg RS, et al. Conversations with mothers: exploring reasons for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) failures in the era of programmatic scale-up in Soweto, South Africa. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(1):91–8.
37.
Nguyen TA, Oosterhoff P, Ngoc YP, Wright P, Hardon A. Barriers to access prevention of mother-to-child transmission for HIV positive women in a well-resourced setting in Vietnam. AIDS Res Therapy. 2008;5:7.CrossRef
38.
Ujiji OA, Rubenson B, Ilako F, Marrone G, Wamalwa D, Wangalwa G, et al. Is ‘opt-out HIV testing’ a real option among pregnant women in rural districts in Kenya? BMC Public Health. 2011;11:151.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Rakgoasi SD. HIV counselling and testing of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Botswana, 2001. J Health Popul Nutr. 2005;23(1):58–65.PubMed
40.
Oosterhoff P, Hardon AP, Nguyen TA, Pham NY, Wright P. Dealing with a positive result: routine HIV testing of pregnant women in Vietnam. AIDS Care. 2008;20(6):654–9.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Shetty AK, Marangwanda C, Stranix-Chibanda L, Chandisarewa W, Chirapa E, Mahomva A, et al. The feasibility of preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV using peer counselors in Zimbabwe. AIDS Res Therapy. 2008;5:17.CrossRef
42.
Peltzer K, Mlambo G, Phaweni K. Factors determining prenatal HIV testing for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Mpumalanga, South Africa. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(5):1115–23.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Balcha TT, Lecerof SS, Jeppsson AR. Strategic challenges of PMTCT program implementation in Ethiopia. J Int Assoc Phys AIDS Care (Chic). 2011;10(3):187–92.CrossRef
44.
Kinuthia J, Kiarie JN, Farquhar C, Richardson BA, Nduati R, Mbori-Ngacha D, et al. Uptake of prevention of mother to child transmission interventions in Kenya: health systems are more influential than stigma. J Int AIDS Soc. 2011;14:61.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Hardon A, Vernooij E, Bongololo-Mbera G, Cherutich P, Desclaux A, Kyaddondo D, et al. Women’s views on consent, counseling and confidentiality in PMTCT: a mixed-methods study in four African countries. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:26.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Otieno PA, Kohler PK, Bosire RK, Brown ER, Macharia SW, John-Stewart GC. Determinants of failure to access care in mothers referred to HIV treatment programs in Nairobi, Kenya. AIDS Care. 2010;22(6):729–36.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Turan JM, Onono M, Cohen CR, Bukusi EA. Stigma and lack of disclosure as barriers to use of maternity and HIV services by HIV-positive pregnant women in rural Kenya. In: APHA 140th annual meeting, October 27–31, San Francisco; 2012.
48.
Muchedzi A, Chandisarewa W, Keatinge J, Stranix-Chibanda L, Woelk G, Mbizvo E, et al. Factors associated with access to HIV care and treatment in a prevention of mother to child transmission programme in urban Zimbabwe. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13(1):1–9.CrossRef
49.
Kunihira NR, Nuwaha F, Mayanja R, Peterson S. Barriers to use of antiretroviral drugs in Rakai district of Uganda. Afr Health Sci. 2010;10(2):120–9.PubMed
50.
Mepham S, Zondi Z, Mbuyazi A, Mkhwanazi N, Newell ML. Challenges in PMTCT antiretroviral adherence in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. AIDS Care. 2011;23(6):741–7.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Peltzer K, Mlambo M, Phaswana-Mafuya N, Ladzani R. Determinants of adherence to a single-dose nevirapine regimen for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Gert Sibande district in South Africa. Acta Paediatr. 2010;99(5):699–704.PubMed
52.
Awiti Ujiji O, Ekstrom AM, Ilako F, Indalo D, Wamalwa D, Rubenson B. Reasoning and deciding PMTCT-adherence during pregnancy among women living with HIV in Kenya. Cult Health Sex. 2011;13(7):829–40.
53.
Stanton C, Blanc AK, Croft T, Choi Y. Skilled care at birth in the developing world: progress to date and strategies for expanding coverage. J Biosoc Sci. 2006:1–12.
54.
WHO. Global action for skilled attendants for pregnant women. Geneva: WHO, Family and Community Health, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, 2002.
55.
Ndirangu J, Newell ML, Tanser F, Herbst AJ, Bland R. Decline in early life mortality in a high HIV prevalence rural area of South Africa: evidence of HIV prevention or treatment impact? AIDS. 2010;24(4):593–602.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Turan JM, Hatcher AH, Medema-Wijnveen J, Onono M, Miller S, Bukusi EA, et al. The role of HIV-related stigma in utilization of skilled childbirth services in rural Kenya: a prospective mixed-methods study. PLoS Med. 2012;9(8):e1001295.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Turan J, Onono M, Bukusi EA, Miller S, Medema-Winjveen J, Cohen CR, editors. Effects of anticipated stigma and subsequent disclosure on utilization of labor and delivery services in Nyanza Province, Kenya. In: 6th IAS conference on HIV pathogenesis, treatment and prevention 2011 17–20 July, Rome, Italy.
58.
Buskens I, Jaffe A, Mkhatshwa H. Infant feeding practices: realities and mind sets of mothers in Southern Africa. AIDS Care. 2007;19(9):1101–9.PubMedCrossRef
59.
Eide M, Myhre M, Lindbaek M, Sundby J, Arimi P, Thior I. Social consequences of HIV-positive women’s participation in prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes. Patient Educ Couns. 2006;60(2):146–51.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Morgan MC, Masaba RO, Nyikuri M, Thomas TK. Factors affecting breastfeeding cessation after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. AIDS Care. 2010;22(7):866–73.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Sibeko L, Coutsoudis A, Nzuza S, Gray-Donald K. Mothers’ infant feeding experiences: constraints and supports for optimal feeding in an HIV-impacted urban community in South Africa. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(11):1983–90.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Desclaux A, Alfieri C. Counseling and choosing between infant-feeding options: overall limits and local interpretations by health care providers and women living with HIV in resource-poor countries (Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon). Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(6):821–9.PubMedCrossRef
63.
Onono MA, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Turan JM. HIV serostatus and disclosure: implications on infant feeding practice in rural South Nyanza, Kenya. In: 16th international conference on AIDS & STIs in Africa, December 4–8, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2011.
64.
Kiragu K, Schenk K, Murugi J, Sarna A. “If you build it, will they come?” Kenya healthy start pediatric HIV study: a diagnostic study investigating barriers to HIV treatment and care among children. Washington, DC: The Population Council; 2008.
65.
Peltzer K, Mlambo G. Factors determining HIV viral testing of infants in the context of mother-to-child transmission. Acta Paediatr. 2010;99(4):590–6.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Cook RE, Ciampa PJ, Sidat M, Blevins M, Burlison J, Davidson MA, et al. Predictors of successful early infant diagnosis of HIV in a rural district hospital in Zambezia, Mozambique. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011;56(4):e104–9.PubMedCrossRef
67.
Delvaux T, Elul B, Ndagije F, Munyana E, Roberfroid D, Asiimwe A. Determinants of nonadherence to a single-dose nevirapine regimen for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Rwanda. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;50(2):223–30.PubMedCrossRef
68.
69.
Jani IV, Sitoe NE, Alfai ER, Chongo PL, Quevedo JI, Rocha BM, et al. Effect of point-of-care CD4 cell count tests on retention of patients and rates of antiretroviral therapy initiation in primary health clinics: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2011;378(9802):1572–9.PubMedCrossRef
70.
Thorsen VC, Sundby J, Martinson F. Potential initiators of HIV-related stigmatization: ethical and programmatic challenges for PMTCT programs. Dev World Bioeth. 2008;8(1):43–50.PubMedCrossRef
71.
Greene K, Derlega VJ, Yep GA, Petronio S. Privacy and disclosure of HIV in interpersonal relationships: a sourcebook for researchers and practitioners. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers; 2003.
72.
Desgrées-du-Loû A, Brou H, Traore AT, Djohan G, Becquet R, Leroy V. From prenatal HIV testing of the mother to prevention of sexual HIV transmission within the couple. Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(6):892–9.PubMedCrossRef
73.
Orne-Gliemann J, Desgrees-Du-Lou A. The involvement of men within prenatal HIV counselling and testing. Facts, constraints and hopes. AIDS. 2008;22(18):2555–7.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Katz DA, Kiarie JN, John-Stewart GC, Richardson BA, John FN, Farquhar C. HIV testing men in the antenatal setting: understanding male non-disclosure. Int J STD AIDS. 2009;20(11):765–7.PubMedCrossRef
75.
Bond VA. “It is not an easy decision on HIV, especially in Zambia”: opting for silence, limited disclosure and implicit understanding to retain a wider identity. AIDS Care. 2010;22(Suppl 1):6–13.PubMedCrossRef
76.
Medley A, Garcia-Moreno C, McGill S, Maman S. Rates, barriers and outcomes of HIV serostatus disclosure among women in developing countries: implications for prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes. Bull World Health Organ. 2004;82(4):299–307.PubMed
77.
Medley AM, Kennedy CE, Lunyolo S, Sweat MD. Disclosure outcomes, coping strategies, and life changes among women living with HIV in Uganda. Qual Health Res. 2009;19(12):1744–54.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Obermeyer CM, Baijal P, Pegurri E. Facilitating HIV disclosure across diverse settings: a review. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(6):1011–23.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Dlamini PS, Kohi TW, Uys LR, Phetlhu RD, Chirwa ML, Naidoo JR, et al. Verbal and physical abuse and neglect as manifestations of HIV/AIDS stigma in five African countries. Public Health Nurs. 2007;24(5):389–99.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Watts C, Zimmerman C, Eckhaus T, Nyblade L. Modelling the impact of stigma on HIV and AIDS programmes: preliminary projections for mother-to-child transmission. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; 2010.
81.
Prudden H, Nyblade L, Dzialowy N, Foss A, Black V, Wallace N, et al. Modelling the impact of stigma on the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission for a setting in South Africa. Washington, DC: Health Policy Project and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; 2013 (forthcoming).
82.
Welty TK, Bulterys M, Welty ER, Tih PM, Ndikintum G, Nkuoh G, et al. Integrating prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission into routine antenatal care: the key to program expansion in Cameroon. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;40(4):486–93.PubMedCrossRef
83.
Sherr L. Literature review on program strategies and models of continuity of HIV/maternal, newborn, and child health care for HIV-positive mothers and their HIV-positive/-exposed children. Arlington, VA: USAID’s AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1; 2012.
84.
Winestone LE, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Kwaro D, Schmidt NC, Turan JM. Acceptability and feasibility of integration of HIV care services into antenatal clinics in rural Kenya: a qualitative provider interview study. Glob Public Health. 2012;7(2):149–63.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Pulerwitz J, Michaelis A, Weiss E, Brown L, Mahendra V. Reducing HIV-related stigma: lessons learned from horizons research and programs. Public Health Rep. 2010;125(2):272–81.PubMed
86.
Carr D, Eckhaus T, Brady L, Watts C, Zimmerman C, Nyblade L. Scaling up the response to HIV stigma and discrimination. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women; 2010.
87.
Nyblade L, Stangl A, Weiss E, Ashburn K. Combating HIV stigma in health care settings: what works? J Int AIDS Soc. 2009;12:15.PubMedCrossRef
88.
Sengupta S, Banks B, Jonas D, Miles MS, Smith GC. HIV interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(6):1075–87.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Metadata
Title
HIV-related Stigma as a Barrier to Achievement of Global PMTCT and Maternal Health Goals: A Review of the Evidence
Authors
Janet M. Turan
Laura Nyblade
Publication date
01-09-2013
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
AIDS and Behavior / Issue 7/2013
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-013-0446-8

Other articles of this Issue 7/2013

AIDS and Behavior 7/2013 Go to the issue

Original Paper

HIV Prevalence and Risk Behaviours from Three Consecutive Surveys Among Men Who Have Multiple Female Sexual Partners in Cape Town

Erratum

Erratum to: The Effects of Gay Sexually Explicit Media on the HIV Risk Behavior of Men Who Have Sex with Men

Original Paper

Patterns and Predictors of Multiple Sexual Partnerships Among Newly Arrived Latino Migrant Men

Original Paper

HIV Disease Burden and Related Risk Behaviours Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Yuxi Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China: 2010−2011

Brief Report

HIV Test Avoidance Among People Who Inject Drugs in Thailand

Original Paper

A Peer-Educator Network HIV Prevention Intervention Among Injection Drug Users: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial in St. Petersburg, Russia
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits