Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
AIDS and Behavior
Published in: AIDS and Behavior 2/2010

01-12-2010 | Original Paper

A Framework for Incorporating Dyads in Models of HIV-Prevention

Authors: Benjamin R. Karney, Hyman Hops, Colleen A. Redding, Harry T. Reis, Alexander J. Rothman, Jeffry A. Simpson

Published in: AIDS and Behavior | Special Issue 2/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Although HIV is contracted by individuals, it is typically transmitted in dyads. Most efforts to promote safer sex practices, however, focus exclusively on individuals. The goal of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework that specifies how models of dyadic processes and relationships can inform models of HIV-prevention. At the center of the framework is the proposition that safer sex between two people requires a dyadic capacity for successful coordination. According to this framework, relational, individual, and structural variables that affect the enactment of safer sex do so through their direct and indirect effects on that dyadic capacity. This dyadic perspective does not require an ongoing relationship between two individuals; rather, it offers a way of distinguishing between dyads along a continuum from anonymous strangers (with minimal coordination of behavior) to long-term partners (with much greater coordination). Acknowledging the dyadic context of HIV-prevention offers new targets for interventions and suggests new approaches to tailoring interventions to specific populations.
Literature
1.
Piot P, Bartos M, Larson H, Zewdie D, Mane P. Coming to terms with complexity: a call to action for HIV prevention. Lancet. 2008;372(9641):845–59.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: Cases of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas, 2006. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2008.
3.
4.
Kelley HH, Berscheid E, Christensen A, et al., editors. Close relationships. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company; 1983.
5.
Kashy DA, Kenny DA. The analysis of data from dyads and groups. In: Reis HT, Judd CM, editors. Handbook of research methods in social psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2000. p. 451–77.
6.
Reis HT, Collins WA, Berscheid E. The relationship context of human behavior and development. Psychol Bull. 2000;126:844–72.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Kelley HH, Berscheid E, Christensen A, et al. Analyzing close relationships. In: Kelley HH, Berscheid E, Christensen A, et al., editors. Close relationships. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company; 1983. p. 20–67.
8.
Albarracín D, Johnson BT, Fishbein M, Muellerleile PA. Theories of reasoned action and planned behavior as models of condom use: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2001;127:142–61.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Johnson BT, Carey MP, Marsh KL, Levin KD, Scott-Sheldon LAJ. Interventions to reduce sexual risk for the human immunodeficiency virus in adolescents, 1985–2000: a research synthesis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157:381–8.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Johnson WD, Holtgrave DR, McClellan WM, Flanders WD, Hill AN, Goodman M. HIV Intervention research for men who have sex with men: a 7-year update. AIDS Educ Prev. 2005;17(6):568–89.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Medley A, Kennedy C, O’Reilly K, Sweat M. Effectiveness of peer education interventions for HIV prevention in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS Educ Prev. 2009;21(3):181–206.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Noar SM. Efficacy of computer technology-based HIV prevention interventions: a meta-analysis. AIDS. 2009;23(1):107–15.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Smoak ND, Scott-Sheldon LAJ, Johnson BT, Carey MP, SHARP Research Team. Sexual risk reduction interventions do not inadvertently increase the overall frequency of sexual behavior: a meta-analysis of 174 studies with 116,735 participants. JAIDS. 2006;41(3):374–84.PubMed
14.
El-Bassel N, Witte SS, Gilbert L, et al. The efficacy of a relationship-based HIV/STD prevention program for heterosexual couples. Am J Public Health. 2003;93:963–9.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Sullivan PS, Salazar L, Buchbinder S, Sanchez TH. Estimating the proportion of HIV transmissions from main sex partners among men who have sex with men in five US cities. AIDS. 2009;23(9):1153–62.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Canin L, Dolcini MM, Adler NE. Barriers to and facilitators of HIV-STD behavior change: interpersonal and relationship-based factors. Rev Gen Psychol. 1999;3(4):338–71.CrossRef
17.
Coates DL. The cultured and culturing aspects of romantic experience in adolescence. In: Furman W, Brown BB, Feiring C, editors. The development of romantic relationships in adolescence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1999. p. 330–63.
18.
Harman JJ, Amico KR. The relationship-oriented information-motivation-behavioral skills Model: a multilevel structural equation model among dyads. AIDS Behav. 2009;13:173–84.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Misovich SJ, Fisher JD, Fisher WA. Close relationships and elevated HIV risk behavior: evidence and possible underlying psychological processes. Rev Gen Psychol. 1997;1:72–107.CrossRef
20.
Ariely D, Lowenstein G. The heat of the moment: the effect of sexual arousal on sexual decision making. J Behav Decis Mak. 2006;19:87–98.CrossRef
21.
NIMH Multisite HIV/STD Prevention Trial for African American Couples Group. Methodological overview of an African American couple-based HIV/STD prevention trial. JAIDS. 2008;49(1):S3–13.
22.
NIMH Multisite HIV/STD Prevention Trial for African American Couples Group. Eban HIV/STD risk reduction intervention: conceptual basis and procedures. JAIDS. 2008;49(1):S15–27.
23.
NIMH Multisite HIV/STD Prevention Trial for African American Couples Group. Formative study to develop the Eban treatment and comparison interventions for couples. JAIDS. 2008;49(1):S42–51.
24.
Padian NS, O’Brien TR, Chang YC, Glass S, Francis D. Prevention of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus through couple counseling. JAIDS. 1993;6:1043–8.
25.
Parsons JT, Huszti HC, Crudder SO, Rich L, Mendoza J. Maintenance of safer sexual behaviors: evaluation of a theory-based intervention for HIV seropositive men with hemophilia and their female partners. Hemophilia. 2000;6:181–90.CrossRef
26.
Harvey SM, Bird ST, Galavotti C, Duncan EAW, Greenberg D. Relationship power, sexual decision-making and condom use among women at risk for HIV/STDs. Women Health. 2002;36:69–84.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Harvey SM, Kraft JM, West SG, Taylor AB, Pappas-DeLuca KA, Beckman LJ. Effects of a health behavior change model-based HIV/STI prevention intervention on condom use among heterosexual couples: a randomized trial. Health Educ Behav. 2009;36(5):878–94.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Kraft JM, Harvey SM, Thorburn S, Hederson JT, Posner SF, Galavotti C. Intervening with couples: assessing contraceptive outcomes in a randomized pregnancy and HIV/STD risk reduction intervention trial. Women’s Health Issues. 2007;17:52–60.CrossRefPubMed
29.
30.
Fisher JD, Fisher WA. Theoretical approaches to individual-level change in HIV behavior. In: Peterson JL, DiClemente RJ, editors. Handbook of HIV prevention. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic; 2000. p. 3–56.
31.
Noar SM, Zimmerman RS. Health behavior theory and cumulative knowledge regarding health behaviors: are we moving in the right direction? Health Educ Res Theory Practice. 2005;20(3):275–90.
32.
Bradbury TN, Karney BR. Intimate relationships. New York: W. W. Norton; 2010.
33.
Bronfenbrenner U. Toward an experimental ecology of human development. Am Psychol. 1977;32:513–31.CrossRef
34.
Albarracín D, Gillette J, Earl A, Glasman LR, Durantini MR, Ho MH. A test of major assumptions about behavior change: a comprehensive look at the effects of passive and active HIV-prevention interventions since the beginning of the epidemic. Psychol Bull. 2005;131:856–97.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Simpson JA, Winterheld HA, Rholes WS, Oriäna MM. Working models of attachment and reactions to different forms of caregiving from romantic partners. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007;93(3):466–77.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Amaro H. Love, sex, and power: Considering women’s realities in HIV prevention. Am Psychol. 1995;50:437–43.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ. Understanding the role of gender relations in HIV prevention research. Am J Public Health. 1995;85:592.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Simpson JA. Foundations of interpersonal trust. In: Kruglanski AW, Higgins ET, editors. Social psychology: handbook of basic principles. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford; 2007. p. 587–607.
39.
Reis HT, Shaver P. Intimacy as an interpersonal process. In: Duck SW, editor. Handbook of personal relationships: theory, research and interventions. Chichester, England: Wiley; 1988. p. 367–89.
40.
Ickes W, Simpson JA. Motivational aspects of empathic accuracy. In: Fletcher GJO, Clark M, editors. The Blackwell handbook in social psychology: interpersonal processes. Oxford, England: Blackwell; 2001. p. 229–49.
41.
Berscheid E, Reis HT. Attraction and close relationships. In: Gilbert DT, Fiske ST, Lindzey G, editors. The handbook of social psychology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1998. p. 193–281.
42.
Rusbult CE, Buunk BP. Commitment processes in close relationships: an interdependence analysis. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 1993;10:175–204.CrossRef
43.
Van Lange PAM, Rusbult CE, Drigotas SM, Arriaga XB, Witcher BS, Cox CL. Willingness to sacrifice in close relationships. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1997;72(6):1373–95.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Huston TL. Power. In: Kelley HH, Berscheid E, Christensen A, et al., editors. Close relationships. San Francisco: Freeman; 1983. p. 169–219.
45.
Karney BR, Bradbury TN. The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: a review of theory, methods, and research. Psychol Bull. 1995;118(1):3–34.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Remien RH, Wagner GJ, Dolezal C, Carballo-Dieguez A. Factors associated with HIV sexual risk behavior in male couples of mixed HIV status. J Psychol Human Sex. 2001;13(2):31–47.CrossRef
47.
Wagner GJ, Remien RH, Carballo-Dieguez A. Prevalence of extradyadic sex in male couples of mixed HIV status and its relationship to psychological distress and relationship quality. J Homosex. 2000;39:31–46.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Doherty IA, Schoenbach VJ, Adimora AA. Sexual mixing patterns and heterosexual HIV transmission among African Americans in the southeastern United States. JAIDS. 2009;52(1):114–20.PubMed
49.
Magnus M, Kuo I, Shelley K, et al. Risk factors driving the emergence of a generalized heterosexual HIV epidemic in Washington, District of Columbia networks at risk. AIDS. 2009;23(10):1277–84.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Lenior CD, Adler NE, Borzekowski G, Tschann JM, Ellen JM. What you don’t know can hurt you: perceptions of sex-partner concurrency and partner-reported behavior. J Adolesc Health. 2006;38:179–85.CrossRef
51.
Epstein H. The invisible cure: Africa, the west, and the fight against AIDS. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux; 2007.
52.
Leclerc-Madlala S. Cultural scripts for multiple and concurrent partnerships in southern Africa: Why HIV prevention needs anthropology. Sex Health. 2009;6(2):103–10.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Fishbein M, Ajzen I. Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: an Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley; 1975.
54.
Kenny DA, Kashy DA, Cook WL. Dyadic data analysis. New York: Guilford; 2006.
55.
Ajzen I, Fishbein M. Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1980.
56.
Rusbult CE, van Lange PAM. Interdependence processes. In: Higgins ET, Kruglanski A, editors. Social psychology: handbook of basic principles. New York: Guilford; 1996. p. 564–96.
57.
CAPS. HIV prevention fact sheets: Family. Center for AIDS Prevention Studies: University of California, San Francisco; 2003.
58.
Aquilino WS. From adolescent to young adult: a prospective study of parent-child relations during the transition to adulthood. J Marriage Fam. 1997;59:670–86.CrossRef
59.
Bucx F, van Wel F, Knijn T, Hagendoorn L. Intergenerational contact and the life course status of young adult children. J Marriage Fam. 2008;70(1):144–56.CrossRef
60.
MacMillan R, Copher R. Families in the life course: interdependency of roles, role configurations, and pathways. J Marriage Fam. 2005;67:858–79.CrossRef
61.
Tee K, Bernheim Brush AJ, Inkpen KM. Exploring communication and sharing between extended families. Int J Human-Comput Stud. 2009;67:128–38.CrossRef
62.
63.
Fasula AM, Miller KS. African-American and Hispanic adolescents’ intentions to delay first intercourse: parental communication as a buffer for sexually active peers. J Adolesc Health. 2006;38:193–200.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Trejos-Castillo E, Vazsonyi AT. Risky sexual behaviors in first and second generation Hispanic immigrant youth. J Youth Adolesc. 2009;38:719–31.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Perrino T, Gonzalez-Soldevilla A, Pantin H, Szapocznik J. The role of families in adolescent HIV prevention: a review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2000;3(2):81–96.CrossRefPubMed
66.
Kirby D, Lepore G, Ryan J. Sexual risk and protective factors. Factors affecting teen sexual behavior, pregnancy, childbearing and sexually transmitted disease: Which are important? Which can you change? Washington, D. C.: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy; 2005.
67.
Andrews JA, Tildesley E, Hops H, Li F. The influence of peers on young adult substance use. Health Psychol. 2002;21:349–57.CrossRefPubMed
68.
Hops H, Andrews JA, Duncan SC, Duncan TE, Tildesley E. Adolescent drug use development: a social interactional and contextual perspective. In: Sameroff AJ, Lewis M, Miller SM, editors. Handbook of developmental psychopathology. 2nd ed. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum; 2000. p. 589–605.
69.
Leonard KE, Kearns J, Mudar P. Peer networks among heavy, regular and infrequent drinkers prior to marriage. J Stud Alcohol. 2000;61:669–73.PubMed
70.
Leonard KE, Mudar P. Peer and partner drinking and the transition to marriage: a longitudinal examination of selection and influence processes. Psychol Addict Behav. 2003;17:115–25.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Karney BR, Beckett MK, Collins RL, Shaw RN. Adolescent romantic relationships as precursors of healthy adult marriages: a review of theory, research, and programs. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation; 2007. Report No.: TR433-ACF.
72.
Connolly J, Furman W, Konarski R. The role of peers in the emergence of heterosexual romantic relationships in adolescence. Child Develop. 2000;71(5):1395–408.CrossRefPubMed
73.
Furman W, Simon VA, Shaffer L, Bouchey HA. Adolescents’ working models and styles for relationships with parents, friends, and romantic partners. Child Develop. 2002;73:241–55.CrossRefPubMed
74.
Collins WA, Hennighausen KC, Schmit DT, Sroufe LA. Developmental precursors of romantic relationships: a longitudinal analysis. In: Shulman S, Collins WA, editors. Romantic relationships in adolescence: developmental perspectives. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 1997. p. 69–84.
75.
Seiffge-Krenke IJ, Shulman S, Klessinger N. Adolescent precursors of romantic relationships in young adulthood. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 2001;18(3):327–46.CrossRef
76.
Kinsfogel KM, Grych JH. Interparental conflict and adolescent dating relationships: integrating cognitive, emotional, and peer influences. J Fam Psychol. 2004;18:505–15.CrossRefPubMed
77.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexual and reproductive health of persons aged 10–24 years—United States, 2002–2007. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2009 2009;58 (No. SS-6).
78.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Surveillance Summaries MMWR 2004;53(No. SS-2).
79.
Moreno CL, El-Bassell N, Morrill AC. Heterosexual women of color and HIV risk: sexual risk factors for HIV among Latina and African-American women. Women Health. 2009;45:1–15.
80.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2002;51:SS-4.
81.
Grunbaum JA, Kann L, Kinchen S, et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance—United States, 2003 (Abridged). J School Health. 2004;74:307–24.CrossRefPubMed
82.
Kann L, Kinchen SA, Williams BI, et al. Special report: youth risk behavior surveillance—United States, 1999. J School Health. 2000;70:271–85.CrossRefPubMed
83.
Pantin H, Prado G, Lopez B, et al. A randomized controlled trial of Familias Unidas for Hispanic adolescents with behavior problems. Psychosom Med. 2009;71(9):987–95.CrossRefPubMed
84.
Villarruel AM, Jemmott JB, Jemmott LS. A randomized controlled trial testing and HIV prevention intervention for Latino youth. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:772–7.CrossRefPubMed
85.
86.
Hops H, Ozechowski T, Waldron HB, Davis BT, Turner CT, Brody J. Adolescent health-risk sexual behaviors: effects of a drug abuse intervention. 2010, submitted.
87.
Jemmott JB, Jemmott LS, Fong GT, McCaffree K. Reducing HIV risk-associated sexual behavior among African American adolescents: testing the generality of intervention effects. Am J Community Psychol. 1999;27:161–87.CrossRefPubMed
88.
Whaley AL, Davis KE. Cultural competence and evidence-based practice in mental health services. Am Psychol. 2007;62(6):563–74.CrossRefPubMed
89.
Jacobson NS, Moore D. Spouses as observers of the events in their relationship. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1981;49:269–77.CrossRefPubMed
90.
Witte SS, El-Bassel N, Gilbert L, Wu E, Chang M. Predictors of discordant reports of sexual and HIV/sexually transmitted infection risk behaviors among heterosexual couples. Sex Transm Dis. 2007;34(5):302–8.PubMed
91.
Noar SM, Zimmerman RS, Atwood KA. Safer sex and sexually transmitted infections from a relationship perspective. In: Harvey J, Wenzel A, Sprecher S, editors. Handbook of sexuality in close relationships. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2004.
92.
Giordano PC. Relationships in adolescence. Annu Rev Sociol. 2003;29:257–81.CrossRef
93.
Manning W, Longmore M, Giordano P. The relationship context of contraceptive use at first intercourse. Fam Plann Perspect. 2000;32(3):104–10.CrossRefPubMed
94.
Lescano CM, Vazquez EA, Brown LK, Litvin EB, Pugatch D. Condom Use with “Casual” and “Main” Partners: What’s in a Name? J Adolesc Health. 2006;39(3):e1–7.CrossRef
95.
Ku L, Sonenstein FL, Pleck JH. The dynamics of young men’s condom use during and across relationships. Fam Plann Perspect. 1994;26:246–51.CrossRefPubMed
96.
Sayegh MA, Fortenberry JD, Shew M, Orr DP. The developmental association of relationship quality, hormonal contraceptive choice and condom non-use among adolescent women. J Adolesc Health. 2006;39(3):388–95.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
A Framework for Incorporating Dyads in Models of HIV-Prevention
Authors
Benjamin R. Karney
Hyman Hops
Colleen A. Redding
Harry T. Reis
Alexander J. Rothman
Jeffry A. Simpson
Publication date
01-12-2010
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
AIDS and Behavior / Issue Special Issue 2/2010
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9802-0

Other articles of this Special Issue 2/2010

AIDS and Behavior 2/2010 Go to the issue

Original Paper

A Network-Individual-Resource Model for HIV Prevention

Original Paper

Modeling Structural, Dyadic, and Individual Factors: The Inclusion and Exclusion Model of HIV Related Behavior

Original Paper

A Dynamic Social Systems Model for Considering Structural Factors in HIV Prevention and Detection

Editorial Notes

Wanted: A Theoretical Roadmap to Research and Practice Across Individual, Interpersonal, and Structural Levels of Analysis

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits