Top

Published in:

01-06-2016 | Review Article

Prognostic value of electroencephalography (EEG) for brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Authors: Guibo Feng, Guohui Jiang, Zhiwei Li, Xuefeng Wang

Published in: Neurological Sciences | Issue 6/2016

Abstract

Cardiac arrest (CA) patients can experience neurological sequelae or even death after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) due to cerebral hypoxia- and ischemia–reperfusion-mediated brain injury. Thus, it is important to perform early prognostic evaluations in CA patients. Electroencephalography (EEG) is an important tool for determining the prognosis of hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy due to its real-time measurement of brain function. Based on EEG, burst suppression, a burst suppression ratio >0.239, periodic discharges, status epilepticus, stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic or ictal discharges, non-reactive EEG, and the BIS value based on quantitative EEG may be associated with the prognosis of CA after successful CPR. As measures of neural network integrity, the values of small-world characteristics of the neural network derived from EEG patterns have potential applications.

Stiell IG, Nichol G, Leroux BG et al (2011) Early versus later rhythm analysis in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 365:787–797CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Selig C, Riegger C, Dirks B, Pawlik M, Seyfried T, Klingler W (2014) Bispectral index (BIS) and suppression ratio (SR) as an early predictor of unfavourable neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 85(2):221–226CrossRefPubMed

Soholm H, Kjaer TW, Kjaergaard J, Cronberg T, Bro-Jeppesen J, Lippert FK, Kober L, Wanscher M, Hassager C (2014) Prognostic value of electroencephalography (EEG) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in successfully resuscitated patients used in daily clinical practice. Resuscitation 85(11):1580–1585CrossRefPubMed

Yang Q, Su Y, Hussain M, Chen W, Ye H, Gao D, Tian F (2014) Poor outcome prediction by burst suppression ratio in adults with post-anoxic coma without hypothermia. Neurol Res 36(5):453–460CrossRefPubMed

Cloostermans MC, van Meulen FB, Eertman CJ, Hom HW, van Putten MJ (2012) Continuous electroencephalography monitoring for early prediction of neurological outcome in postanoxic patients after cardiac arrest: a prospective cohort study. Crit Care Med 40:2867–2875CrossRefPubMed

Sandroni C, Cavallaro F, Callaway CW et al (2013) Predictors of poor neurological outcome in adult comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Part 1: normothermia. Resuscitation 84:1310–1323CrossRefPubMed

Samaniego EA, Mlynash M, Caulfield AF, Eyngorn I, Wijman CA (2011) Sedation con-founds outcome prediction in cardiac arrest survivors treated with hypothermia. Neurocrit Care 15:113–119CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Golan E, Barrett K, Alali AS et al (2014) Predicting neurologic outcome after targeted temperature management for cardiac arrest: systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 42(8):1919–1930CrossRefPubMed

Tjepkema-Cloostermans MC, van Meulen FB, Meinsma G, van Putten MJ (2013) A cerebral recovery index (CRI) for early prognosis in patients after cardiac arrest. Crit Care 17:252CrossRef

10.

Chawla LS, Akst S, Junker C et al (2009) Surges of electroencephalogram activity at the time of death: a case series. J Palliat Med 12(12):1095–1100CrossRefPubMed

11.

Goodman PG, Mehta AR, Castresana MR (2009) Predicting ischemic brain injury after intraoperative cardiac arrest during cardiac surgery using the BIS monitor. J Clin Anesth 21(8):609–612CrossRefPubMed

12.

Pawlik MT, Seyfried TF, Riegger C et al (2008) Bispectral index monitoring during cardiopulmonary resuscitation repeated twice within 8 days in the same patient: a case report. Int J Emerg Med 1(3):209–212CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Stammet P, Werer C, Mertens L et al (2009) Bispectral index (BIS) helps predicting bad neurological outcome in comatose survivors after cardiac arrest and induced therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation 80(4):437–442CrossRefPubMed

14.

Myles PS, Daly D, Silvers A, Cairo S (2009) Prediction of neurological outcome using bispectral index monitoring in patients with severe ischemic-hypoxic brain injury undergoing emergency surgery. Anesthesiology 110(5):1106–1115CrossRefPubMed

15.

Fabregas N, Gambus PL, Valero R, Carrero EJ, Salvador L, Zavala E, Ferrer E (2004) Can bispectral index monitoring predict recovery of consciousness in patients with severe brain injury? Anesthesiology 101(1):43–51CrossRefPubMed

16.

Leary M, Fried DA, Gaieski DF, Merchant RM, Fuchs BD, Kolansky DM, Edelson DP, Abella BS (2010) Neurologic prognostication and bispectral index monitoring after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 81(9):1133–1137CrossRefPubMed

17.

Borges MA, Botós HJ, Bastos RF, Godoy MF, Marchi NS (2010) Emergency EEG: study of survival. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 68(2):174–178CrossRefPubMed

18.

Pedersen GL, Rasmussen SB, Gyllenborg J, Benedek K, Lauritzen M (2013) Prognostic value of periodic electroencephalographic discharges for neurological patients with profound disturbances of consciousness. Clin Neurophysiol 124(1):44–51CrossRefPubMed

19.

Zhang Y, Su YY, Haupt WF et al (2011) Application of electrophysiologic techniques in poor outcome prediction among patients with severe focal and diffuse ischemic brain injury. J Clin Neurophysiol 28(5):497–503PubMed

20.

Alvarez V, Oddo M, Rossetti AO (2013) Stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic or ictal discharges (SIRPIDs) in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: characteristics and prognostic value. Clin Neurophysiol 124(1):204–208CrossRefPubMed

21.

Sandroni C, Cavallaro F, Callaway CW et al (2013) Predictors of poor neurological outcome in adult comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Part 2: patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation 84(10):1324–1338CrossRefPubMed

22.

Juan E, Novy J, Suys T, Oddo M, Rossetti AO (2015) clinical evolution after a non-reactive hypothermic EEG following cardiac arrest. Neurocrit Care 22(3):403–408CrossRefPubMed

23.

Fugate JE, Wijdicks EF, Mandrekar J, Claassen DO, Manno EM, White RD, Bell MR, Rabinstein AA (2010) Predictors of neurologic outcome in hypothermia after cardiac arrest. Ann Neurol 68(6):907–914CrossRefPubMed

24.

Kawai M, Thapalia U, Verma A (2011) Outcome from therapeutic hypothermia and EEG. J Clin Neurophysiol 28(5):483–488PubMed

25.

Tjepkema-Cloostermans MC, Hofmeijer J, Trof RJ, Blans MJ, Beishuizen A, van Putten MJ (2015) Electroencephalogram predicts outcome in patients with postanoxic coma during mild therapeutic hypothermia. Crit Care Med 43(1):159–167CrossRefPubMed

26.

Sadaka F, Doerr D, Hindia J, Lee KP, Logan W (2015) Continuous electroencephalogram in comatose postcardiac arrest syndrome patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia: outcome prediction study. J Intensive Care Med 30:292–296CrossRefPubMed

27.

Watts DJ, Strogatz SH (1998) Collective dynamics of “small-world” networks. Nature 393:440–442CrossRefPubMed

28.

Bassett DS, Bullmore E (2006) Small-world brain networks. Neuroscientist 12(6):512–523CrossRefPubMed

29.

JannK DierksT, BoeschC KottlowM, StrikW KoenigT (2009) BOLD correlates of EEG alpha phase-locking and the fMRI default mode network. Neuroimage 45:903–916CrossRef

30.

Fell J, Axmacher N (2011) The role of phase synchronization in memory processes. Nat Rev Neurosci 12:105–118CrossRefPubMed

31.

Sporns O (2006) Small-world connectivity, motif composition, and complexity of fractal neuronal connections. Biosystems 85:55–64CrossRefPubMed

32.

Beudel M, Tjepkema-Cloostermans MC, Boersma JH, van Putten MJ (2014) Small-world characteristics of EEG patterns in post-anoxic encephalopathy. Front Neurol 5:97CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Title: Prognostic value of electroencephalography (EEG) for brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Guibo Feng
Guohui Jiang
Zhiwei Li
Xuefeng Wang
Publication date: 01-06-2016
Publisher: Springer Milan
Published in: Neurological Sciences / Issue 6/2016
Print ISSN: 1590-1874
Electronic ISSN: 1590-3478
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-016-2475-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Prognostic value of electroencephalography (EEG) for brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 6/2016

Evaluation of an Arabic version of the non-motor symptoms scale in Parkinson’s disease

Association of IL23R polymorphism (rs7530511) with intracerebral hemorrhage in Korean population

The impact of detoxifying and repair gene polymorphisms on oxidative stress in ischemic stroke

Diagnosis and microsurgical treatment of spinal hemangioblastoma

Are speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) outcomes influenced by ethnicity?

Intractable pruritus in neuromyelitis optica