Published in:
01-06-2020 | Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Case Report
Myeloid sarcoma on the temporal region before the onset of the acute myeloid leukemia: an extremely rare case report
Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | Issue 2/2020
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Purpose
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare malignant tumor that arises outside the bone marrow and usually occurs concomitantly or after the acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The aim of the present study is to report an extremely rare case of a patient with an MS arising in the maxillofacial region before the onset of AML to serve as a guide on how to conduct the initial assessment and diagnosis of similar cases.
Materials and methods
A 29-year-old healthy man complained of a “swelling on the head,” which was rapidly increasing. He was asymptomatic and never had a previous AML.
Results
The patient presented a large mass on the left temporal region. The computed tomography showed a well-delimited lesion extending from the lateral pterygoid muscle and involving the zygomatic arch and lateral orbital rim. The mass was diagnosed as an MS arising before the onset of the AML.
Conclusion
Masses of a rapid increase in the maxillofacial region should always raise suspicion of being an MS even in asymptomatic patients. Following a protocol of initial assessment and diagnosis will decrease the period between the initial appearance of the MS and effective treatment aimed to prevent or delay the manifestation of leukemia, improving the prognosis and survival of these patients.