Clinical review: the misreporting of logbook, download, and verbal self-measured blood glucose in adults and children with type I diabetes

Despite advances in technology, the frequent self-measurement of blood glucose (SMBG) remains fundamental to the management of 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Once measured, SMBG results are routinely reported back to health professionals and other interested parties, either verbally, via a logbook, or electronically downloaded from a pump or meter. The misreporting of SMBG using various techniques represents a classic non-adherence behavior and carries with it both acute and chronic dangers. In addition, while this behavior appears very prevalent, many aspects remain largely unstudied. With this in mind, we aimed to summarize literature addressing the misreporting of SMBG in T1DM via a detailed literature search. This produced both recent and past literature. While most of these studies examined the prevalence of deliberate misreporting in a verbal or logbook context, others focused on the motivations behind this behavior, and alternative forms of misreporting, including deliberate manipulation of meters to produce inaccurate results and true technological errors. This timely review covers all aspects of misreporting and highlights multiple patient techniques, which are clearly adapting to advances in technology. We believe that further understanding and attention to this aspect of adherence may lead not only to improvements in glycemic control and safety, but also to the psychological well-being of those affected by type 1 diabetes.