Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Gastroenterology
Published in: Journal of Gastroenterology 11/2011

01-11-2011 | Original Article—Alimentary Tract

SOX9 is expressed in normal stomach, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinoma in humans

Authors: Miho Sashikawa Kimura, Hiroyuki Mutoh, Kentaro Sugano

Published in: Journal of Gastroenterology | Issue 11/2011

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

SOX9 is a marker for stem cells in the intestine and overexpression of SOX9 is found in some types of cancer. However, the expression of SOX9 in normal stomach, precancerous intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinoma has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to investigate SOX9 expression in the corpus and pyloric regions of the normal human stomach, premalignant intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinoma by using immunohistochemistry.

Methods

We evaluated SOX9 expression in 46 clinical samples (early gastric well-differentiated adenocarcinoma including surrounding intestinal metaplasia) resected under esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Results

A small amount of SOX9 was expressed in the neck/isthmus of the corpus region and SOX9 expression was predominantly restricted to the neck/isthmus of the pyloric region in normal human stomach. In the intestinal metaplastic mucosa, SOX9- and PCNA-positive cells were located at the base of the intestinal metaplastic mucosa. Almost all of the gastric carcinoma cells expressed SOX9.

Conclusion

SOX9 is expressed in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma in humans.
Literature
1.
Blache P, van de Wetering M, Duluc I, Domon C, Berta P, Freund JN, Clevers H, Jay P. SOX9 is an intestine crypt transcription factor, is regulated by the Wnt pathway, and represses the CDX2 and MUC2 genes. J Cell Biol. 2004;166:37–47.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Jay P, Berta P, Blache P. Expression of the carcinoembryonic antigen gene is inhibited by SOX9 in human colon carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 2005;65:2193–8.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Bastide P, Darido C, Pannequin J, Kist R, Robine S, Marty-Double C, Bibeau F, Scherer G, Joubert D, Hollande F, Blache P, Jay P. Sox9 regulates cell proliferation and is required for Paneth cell differentiation in the intestinal epithelium. J Cell Biol. 2007;178:635–48.PubMedCrossRef
4.
5.
Moniot B, Biau S, Faure S, Nielsen CM, Berta P, Roberts DJ, de Santa Barbara P. SOX9 specifies the pyloric sphincter epithelium through mesenchymal–epithelial signals. Development. 2004;131:3795–804.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Lu B, Xu J, Lai M, Zhang H, Chen J. A transcriptome anatomy of human colorectal cancers. BMC Cancer. 2006;6:40.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Helpap B, Hattori T, Gedigk P. Repair of gastric ulcer. A cell kinetic study. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol. 1981;392:159–70.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Hattori T, Helpap B, Gedigk P. The morphology and cell kinetics of pseudopyloric glands. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1982;39:31–40.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International workshop on the histopathology of gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;20:1161–81.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Mutoh H, Hakamata Y, Sato K, Eda A, Yanaka I, Honda S, Osawa H, Kaneko Y, Sugano K. Conversion of gastric mucosa to intestinal metaplasia in Cdx2-expressing transgenic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002;294:470–9.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Mutoh H, Satoh K, Kita H, Sakamoto H, Hayakawa H, Yamamoto H, Isoda N, Tamada K, Ido K, Sugano K. Cdx2 specifies the differentiation of morphological as well as functional absorptive enterocytes of the small intestine. Int J Dev Biol. 2005;49:867–71.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Correa P, Camargo MC, Piazuelo MB. Overview and pathology of gastric cancer. In: Wang TC, Fox JG, Giraud AS, editors. The biology of gastric cancer. New York: Springer; 2008. p. 1–24.
13.
Correa P. Human gastric carcinogenesis: a multistep and multifactorial process—first American Cancer Society Award lecture on cancer epidemiology and prevention. Cancer Res. 1992;52:6735–40.PubMed
14.
Gracz AD, Ramalingam S, Magness ST. Sox9 expression marks a subset of CD24-expressing small intestine epithelial stem cells that form organoids in vitro. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2010;298:G590–600.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Jiang SS, Fang WT, Hou YH, Huang SF, Yen BL, Chang JL, Li SM, Liu HP, Liu YL, Huang CT, Li YW, Jang TH, Chan SH, Yang SJ, Hsiung CA, Wu CW, Wang LH, Chang IS. Upregulation of SOX9 in lung adenocarcinoma and its involvement in the regulation of cell growth and tumorigenicity. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:4363–73.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Reya T, Morrison SJ, Clarke MF, Weissman IL. Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells. Nature. 2001;414:105–11.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Quante M, Wang TC. Stem cells in gastroenterology and hepatology. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;6:724–37.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Sell S, Pierce GB. Maturation arrest of stem cell differentiation is a common pathway for the cellular origin of teratocarcinomas and epithelial cancers. Lab Invest. 1994;70:6–22.PubMed
19.
20.
Lobo NA, Shimono Y, Qian D, Clarke MF. The biology of cancer stem cells. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2007;23:675–99.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Kelly PN, Dakic A, Adams JM, Nutt SL, Strasser A. Tumor growth need not be driven by rare cancer stem cells. Science. 2007;317:337.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Li C, Heidt DG, Dalerba P, Burant CF, Zhang L, Adsay V, Wicha M, Clarke MF, Simeone DM. Identification of pancreatic cancer stem cells. Cancer Res. 2007;67:1030–7.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
SOX9 is expressed in normal stomach, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinoma in humans
Authors
Miho Sashikawa Kimura
Hiroyuki Mutoh
Kentaro Sugano
Publication date
01-11-2011
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
Journal of Gastroenterology / Issue 11/2011
Print ISSN: 0944-1174
Electronic ISSN: 1435-5922
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-011-0443-5

Other articles of this Issue 11/2011

Journal of Gastroenterology 11/2011 Go to the issue

Original Article—Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Tract

Early activation of interferon-stimulated genes in human liver allografts: relationship with acute rejection and histological outcome

Review

Familial pancreatic cancer and hereditary syndromes: screening strategy for high-risk individuals

Original Article—Alimentary Tract

Investigation of pretreatment prediction of proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-resistant patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and the dose escalation challenge of PPIs—TORNADO study: a multicenter prospective study by the Acid-Related Symptom Research Group in Japan

Original Article—Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Tract

Efficacy of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy for hepatitis C patients with normal ALT levels: a matched case–control study

Original Article—Alimentary Tract

Clinical significance of salvage esophagectomy for remnant or recurrent cancer following definitive chemoradiotherapy

Original Article—Alimentary Tract

Effect of lansoprazole versus roxatidine on prevention of bleeding and promotion of ulcer healing after endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial gastric neoplasia
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits