Published in:
Open Access
01-07-2017 | Original Article – Clinical Oncology
Nilotinib first-line therapy in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative/BCR-ABL-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: ENEST1st sub-analysis
Authors:
Andreas Hochhaus, Franҫois-Xavier Mahon, Philipp le Coutre, Ljubomir Petrov, Jeroen J. W. M. Janssen, Nicholas C. P. Cross, Delphine Rea, Fausto Castagnetti, Andrzej Hellmann, Gianantonio Rosti, Norbert Gattermann, Maria Liz Paciello Coronel, Maria Asuncion Echeveste Gutierrez, Valentin Garcia-Gutierrez, Beatrice Vincenzi, Luca Dezzani, Francis J. Giles
Published in:
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
|
Issue 7/2017
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Abstract
Purpose
The ENEST1st sub-analysis presents data based on Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) status, i.e., Ph+ and Ph−/BCR-ABL1 + chronic myeloid leukemia.
Methods
Patients received nilotinib 300 mg twice daily, up to 24 months.
Results
At screening, 983 patients were identified as Ph+ and 30 patients as Ph−/BCR-ABL + based on cytogenetic and RT-PCR assessment; 76 patients had unknown karyotype (excluded from this sub-analysis). In the Ph−/BCR-ABL1 + subgroup, no additional chromosomal aberrations were reported. In the Ph+ subgroup, 952 patients had safety and molecular assessments. In the Ph−/BCR-ABL1 + subgroup, 30 patients had safety assessments and 28 were followed up for molecular assessments. At 18 months, the molecular response (MR) 4 rate [MR4; BCR-ABL1 ≤0.01% on International Scale (IS)] was similar in the Ph−/BCR-ABL1+ (39.3%) and Ph+ subgroups (38.1%). By 24 months, the cumulative rates of major molecular response (BCR-ABL1IS ≤0.1%;), MR4, and MR4.5 (BCR-ABL1IS ≤0.0032%) were 85.7, 60.7, and 50.0%, respectively, in the Ph−/BCR-ABL1 + subgroup, and 80.3, 54.7, and 38.3%, respectively, in the Ph+ subgroup. In both Ph−/BCR-ABL1 + and Ph+ subgroups, rash (20 and 22%), pruritus (16.7 and 16.7%), nasopharyngitis (13.3 and 10.4%), fatigue (10 and 14.2%), headache (10 and 15.8%), and nausea (6.7 vs 11.4%) were frequent non-hematologic adverse events, whereas hypophosphatemia (23.3 and 6.8%), anemia (10 and 6.5%), and thrombocytopenia (3.3 and 10.2%) were the common hematologic/biochemical laboratory events.
Conclusion
Based on similar molecular response and safety results in both subgroups, we conclude that Ph−/BCR-ABL1 + patients benefit from nilotinib in the same way as Ph+ patients.