Top

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

Published in:

Open Access 01-02-2009 | Original Paper

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor: a prognostic factor in cervical cancer

Authors: Petra L. M. Zusterzeel, Paul N. Span, Marja G. K. Dijksterhuis, Chris M. G. Thomas, Fred C. G. J. Sweep, Leon F. A. G. Massuger

Published in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology | Issue 2/2009

Abstract

Purpose

To study pre-treatment serum VEGF of patients with invasive cervical cancer and its possible role as prognostic indicator.

Methods

VEGF was measured using ELISA in the largest patient group (n = 167) to date.

Reults

Serum VEGF was significantly higher in advanced tumor stage (P = 0.01), large tumor size (tumors larger than 2 cm) (P = 0.03), and the presence of vascular space invasion (P = 0.05). Serum VEGF was associated with disease free and overall survival [DFS: Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.61; 95% CI 1.32–5.17; P = 0.006; for OS: HR = 2.09; 95% CI 1.54–2.84; P < 0.001, respectively]. In multivariate Cox regression serum VEGF retained its prognostic value for DFS (HR = 2.10, P = 0.03) and OS (HR = 1.92, P = 0.04).

Conclusions

Serum VEGF levels correlate with more advanced and more aggressive disease in cervical cancer and may be a useful prognostic factor in patients with cervical cancer.

Bachtiary B, Selzer E, Knocke TH, Pötter R, Obermair A (2002) Serum VEGF levels in patients undergoing primary radiotherapy for cervical cancer: impact on progression-free survival. Cancer Lett 179:197–203. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00872-2 PubMedCrossRef

Cheng WF, Chen CA, Lee CN, Wei LH, Hsieh FJ, Hsieh CY (2000) Vascular endothelial growth factor and prognosis of cervical carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol 96:721–726. doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(00)01025-5 PubMedCrossRef

Dobbs SP, Hewett PW, Johnson IR, Carmichael J, Murray JC (1997) Angiogenesis is associated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Br J Cancer 76:1410–1415PubMed

Ferrara N (1995) The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in pathological angiogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 36:127–137. doi:10.1007/BF00666035 PubMedCrossRef

Ferrara N, Vis-Smyth T (1997) The biology of vascular endothelial growth factor. Endocr Rev 18:4–25. doi:10.1210/er.18.1.4 PubMedCrossRef

Folkman J (1990) What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis dependent? J Natl Cancer Inst 82:4–6. doi:10.1093/jnci/82.1.4 PubMedCrossRef

Folkman J (1995) Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rheumatoid and other disease. Nat Med 1:27–31. doi:10.1038/nm0195-27 PubMedCrossRef

Fujimoto J, Sakaguchi H, Hirose R, Ichigo S, Tamaya T (1999) Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its mRNA in uterine cervical cancers. Br J Cancer 80:827–833. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6690428 PubMedCrossRef

Fukumura D, Xavier R, Sugiura T, Chen Y, Park EC, Lu N et al (1998) Tumor induction of VEGF promoter activity in stromal cells. Cell 94:715–725. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81731-6 PubMedCrossRef

Gadducci A, Tana R, Cosio S, Genazzani AR (2007) The serum assay of tumour markers in the prognostic evaluation, treatment monitoring and follow-up of patients with cervical cancer: a review of the literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 66(1):10–20PubMedCrossRef

Kaku T, Hirakawa T, Kamura T, Amada S, Kinukawa N, Kobayashi H et al (1998) Angiogenesis in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer 83:1384–1390 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19981001)83:7<1384::AID-CNCR16>3.0.CO;2-0PubMedCrossRef

Kristensen GB, Abeler VM, Risberg B, Trop C, Bryne M (1999) Tumor size, depth of invasion, and grading of the invasive tumor front are the main prognostic factors in early squamous cell cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 74:245–251. doi:10.1006/gyno.1999.5420 PubMedCrossRef

Lagasse LD, Creasman WT, Shingleton HM, Ford JH, Blessing JA (1980) Results and complications of operative staging in cervical cancer: experience of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Gynecol Oncol 9:90–98. doi:10.1016/0090-8258(80)90013-X PubMedCrossRef

Lebrecht A, Ludwig E, Huber A, Klein M, Schneeberger C, Tempfer C et al (2002) Serum vascular endothelial growth factor and serum leptin in patients with cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 85:32–35. doi:10.1006/gyno.2001.6517 PubMedCrossRef

Lee IJ, Park KR, Lee KK, Song JS, Lee KG, Lee JY et al (2002) Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor in stage IB carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54:768–779. doi:10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02970-X PubMed

Loncaster JA, Cooper RA, Logue JP, Davidson SE, Hunter RD, West CM (2000) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is a prognostic factor for radiotherapy outcome in advanced carcinoma of the cervix. Br J Cancer 83:620–625. doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1319 PubMedCrossRef

Massuger LF, Koper NP, Thomas CM, Dom KE, Schijf CP (1997) Improvement of clinical staging in cervical cancer with serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen and CA 125 determinations. Gynecol Oncol 64:473–476. doi:10.1006/gyno.1996.4581 PubMedCrossRef

Mitsuhashi A, Suzuka K, Yamazawa K, Matsui H, Seki K, Sekiya S (2005) Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF-C levels as tumor markers in patients with cervical carcinoma. Cancer 103:724–730. doi:10.1002/cncr.20819 PubMedCrossRef

Moon HS, Kim SC, Ahn JJ, Woo BH (2000) Concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in the serum of patients with cervical cancer: prediction of response. Int J Gynecol Cancer 10:151–156. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1438.2000.00013.x PubMedCrossRef

Nguyen HN, Averette HE (1999) Biology of cervical carcinoma. Semin Surg Oncol 16:212–216 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2388(199904/05)16:3<212::AID-SSU3>3.0.CO;2-BPubMedCrossRef

Obermair A, Wanner C, Bilgi S, Speiser P, Kaider A, Reinthaller A et al (1998) Tumor angiogenesis in stage IB cervical cancer: correlation of microvessel density with survival. Am J Obstet Gynecol 178:314–319. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(98)80018-5 PubMedCrossRef

Samlal RA, van der Velden J, Schilthuis MS, González González D, Ten Kate FJ, Hart AA et al (1997) Identification of high-risk groups among node-positive patients with stage IB and IIA cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 64:463–467. doi:10.1006/gyno.1996.4576 PubMedCrossRef

Span PN, Grebenchtchikov N, Geurts-Moespot J, Westphal JR, Lucassen AM, Sweep CG (2000) EORTC Receptor and Biomarker Study Group Report: a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for vascular endothelial growth factor in blood and tumor tissue extracts. Int J Biol Markers 15:184–191PubMed

Tjalma W, Weyler J, Weyn B, Van Marck E, Van Daele A, Van Dam P et al (2000) The association between vascular endothelial growth factor, microvessel density and clinicopathological features in invasive cervical cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 92:251–257. doi:10.1016/S0301-2115(99)00295-X PubMedCrossRef

Wiggins DL, Granai CO, Steinhoff MM, Calabresi P (1995) Tumor angiogenesis as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 56:353–356. doi:10.1006/gyno.1995.1062 PubMedCrossRef

Yang YC, Wang KL, Su TH, Liao HF, Wu MH, Chen TC et al (2006) Concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation for cervical carcinoma: tumor response, toxicity, and serum cytokine profiles. Cancer Invest 24:390–395. doi:10.1080/07357900600705359 PubMedCrossRef

Title: Serum vascular endothelial growth factor: a prognostic factor in cervical cancer
Authors: Petra L. M. Zusterzeel
Paul N. Span
Marja G. K. Dijksterhuis
Chris M. G. Thomas
Fred C. G. J. Sweep
Leon F. A. G. Massuger
Publication date: 01-02-2009
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology / Issue 2/2009
Print ISSN: 0171-5216
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1335
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-008-0442-y

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor: a prognostic factor in cervical cancer

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Reults

Conclusions

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Reults

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 2/2009

Control of aggressive fibromatosis by treatment with imatinib mesylate: a step forward?

Comparative assessment of urinary oxidative indices in breast and colorectal cancer patients

Study on the mutations in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA in cervical carcinoma

Association between the expression of IL-10 and T cell activation proteins loss in early breast cancer patients

EGFR R497K polymorphism is a favorable prognostic factor for advanced lung cancer

Expression of Indian Hedgehog signaling molecules in breast cancer

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page