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Open Access 01-06-2016 | Original Article

Longitudinal analysis of the developing rhesus monkey brain using magnetic resonance imaging: birth to adulthood

Authors: Julia A. Scott, David Grayson, Evan Fletcher, Aaron Lee, Melissa D. Bauman, Cynthia Mills Schumann, Michael H. Buonocore, David G. Amaral

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 5/2016

Abstract

We have longitudinally assessed normative brain growth patterns in naturalistically reared Macaca mulatta monkeys. Postnatal to early adulthood brain development in two cohorts of rhesus monkeys was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging. Cohort A consisted of 24 rhesus monkeys (12 male, 12 female) and cohort B of 21 monkeys (11 male, 10 female). All subjects were scanned at 1, 4, 8, 13, 26, 39, and 52 weeks; cohort A had additional scans at 156 weeks (3 years) and 260 weeks (5 years). Age-specific segmentation templates were developed for automated volumetric analyses of the T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans. Trajectories of total brain size as well as cerebral and subcortical subdivisions were evaluated over this period. Total brain volume was about 64 % of adult estimates in the 1-week-old monkey. Brain volume of the male subjects was always, on average, larger than the female subjects. While brain volume generally increased between any two imaging time points, there was a transient plateau of brain growth between 26 and 39 weeks in both cohorts of monkeys. The trajectory of enlargement differed across cortical regions with the occipital cortex demonstrating the most idiosyncratic pattern of maturation and the frontal and temporal lobes showing the greatest and most protracted growth. A variety of allometric measurements were also acquired and body weight gain was most closely associated with the rate of brain growth. These findings provide a valuable baseline for the effects of fetal and early postnatal manipulations on the pattern of abnormal brain growth related to neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Title: Longitudinal analysis of the developing rhesus monkey brain using magnetic resonance imaging: birth to adulthood
Authors: Julia A. Scott
David Grayson
Evan Fletcher
Aaron Lee
Melissa D. Bauman
Cynthia Mills Schumann
Michael H. Buonocore
David G. Amaral
Publication date: 01-06-2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 5/2016
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-015-1076-x

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Longitudinal analysis of the developing rhesus monkey brain using magnetic resonance imaging: birth to adulthood

Abstract

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Abstract

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