Top

Published in:

01-06-2006 | Original Article

Immunocytochemical study of glycine receptors in the retina of the frog Xenopus laevis

Author: Lily Vitanova

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 3/2006

Abstract

The expression of glycine receptors in the retina of clawed frog, Xenopus laevis was studied immunocytochemically. Glycine receptors (GlyRs), as revealed by means of several different antibodies, were mainly distributed in the inner (IPL) and the outer plexiform layers. Their composition was determined to include α2 and α3 subunits. Typical punctate appearance and specific lamination in the IPL were seen with each of the antibodies directed against the different GlyRs’ subunits. A notion for diversity of the glycine receptors was put forward, according to which the α2 and α3 subunits are located in different subtypes of glycine synapses.

Brandstätter JH, Koulen P, Wässle H (1998) Diversity of glutamate receptors in the mammalian retina. Vision Res 38:1385–1397CrossRefPubMed

Cajal SR (1893) La retiné des vertébrés. Cellule 9:119–257

Connaughton V, Behar T, Liu W, Massey S (1999) Immunocytochemical localization of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the zebrafish retina. Vis Neurosci 16:483–490CrossRefPubMed

Deleuze C, Runquist M, Orcel H, Rabie A, Dayanithi G, Alonso G, Hussy N (2005) Structural difference between heteromeric somatic and homomeric axonal glycine receptors in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system. Neurosci 135(2):475–483CrossRef

Du J, Yang X (2002a) Bullfrog retinal bipolar cells may express heterogeneous glycine receptors at dendrites and axon terminals. Neurosci Lett 322:177–181CrossRef

Du J, Yang X (2002b) Glycinergic synaptic transmission to bullfrog retinal bipolar cells is input-specific. Neuroscience 113:779–784CrossRef

Enz R, Bormann J (1995) Expression of glycine receptor subunits and gephyrin in single bipolar cells of the rat retina. Vis Neurosci 12:501–507PubMedCrossRef

Fischer F, Kneussel M, Tintrup H, Haverkamp S, Rauen T, Wässle H (2000) Reduced synaptic clustering of GABA and glycine receptors in the retina of the gephyrin null mutant mouse. J Comp Neurol 427:634–648CrossRefPubMed

Gisselmann G, Galler A, Friedrich F, Hatt H, Bormann J (2002). Cloning and functional characterization of two glycine receptor α subunits from the perch retina. Eur J Neurosci 16(1):69–80CrossRefPubMed

Graham D, Pfeiffer F, Simler R, Betz H (1985) Purification and characterization of the glycine receptor of pig spinal cord. Biochem 24:990–994CrossRef

Greferath U, Brandstätter JH, Wässle H, Kirsch H, Kuhse J, Grünert U (1994) Differential expression of glycine receptor subunits in the retina of the rat: a study using immunocytochemistry and in situ hibridization. Vis Neurosci 11:721–729PubMed

Grünert U (2000) Distribution of GABA and Glycine receptors on bipolar and ganglion cells in the mammalian retina. Microsc Res Tech 50:130–140CrossRefPubMed

Grünert U, Wässle H (1993) Immunocytochemical localization of glycine receptors in the mammalian retina. J Comp Neurol 335:523–537CrossRefPubMed

Grünert U, Wässle H (1996) Glycine receptors in the rod pathway of the macaque monkey retina. Vis Neurosci 13:101–115PubMed

Harvey R, Schmieden V, von Holst A, Laube B, Rohrer H, Betz H (2000) Glycine receptors containing the α4 subunit in the embrionic sympathetic nervous system, spinal cord and male genital ridge. Eur J Neurosci 12:994–1001CrossRefPubMed

Haverkamp S, Wässle H. (2000) Immunocytochemical analysis of the mouse retina. J Comp Neurol 424:1–23CrossRefPubMed

Haverkamp S, Muller U, Harvey K, Harvey RJ, Betz H, Wässle H (2003) Diversity of glycine receptors in the mouse retina: localization of the α3 subunit. J Comp Neurol 465:524–539CrossRefPubMed

Haverkamp S, Muller U, Zeilhofer HU, Harvey RJ, Wässle H (2004) Diversity of glycine receptors in the mouse retina: localization of the alpha2 subunit. J Comp Neurol 477:399–411CrossRefPubMed

Jusuf P, Haverkamp S, Grünert U (2005) Localization of glycine receptors alpha subunits on bipolar and amacrine cells in primate retina. J Comp Neurol 488:113–128CrossRefPubMed

Laube B, Maksay G, Schemm R, Betz H (2002) Modulation of glycine receptor function: a novel approach for therapeutic intervention at inhibitory synapses. Trends Pharmacol Sci 23:519–527CrossRefPubMed

Legendre P (2001) The glycinergic inhibitory synapse. CMLS 58:760–793CrossRefPubMed

Lin B, Martin PR, Solomon SG, Grunert U (2000) Distribution of glycine receptor subunits on primate retinal ganglion cells: aquantitative analysis. Eur J Neurosci 12:4155–4170CrossRefPubMed

Maksay G, Laube B, Betz H (2001) Subunit-specific modulation of glycine receptors by neurosteroids. Neuropharm 41:369–376CrossRef

Maple B, Wu S (1998) Glycinergic synaptic inputs to bipolar cells in the salamander retina. J Physiol 506:731–744CrossRefPubMed

Matzenbach B, Maulet Y, Sefton L, Courtier B, Avner P, Guénet G-L, Betz H (1994) Structural analysis of mouse glycine receptor α subunit genes: identification and chromosomal localization of a novel variant, α4. J Biol Chem 269:2607–2612PubMed

Pfeiffer F, Simler R, Grenningloh G, Betz H (1984) Monoclonal antibodies and peptides mapping reveal structural similarities between the subunits of the glycine receptor of rat spinal cord. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:7224–7227PubMedCrossRef

Popova E, Mitova L, Vitanova L, Kupenova P (1997) Effect of glycinergic blockade on light responses of frog retinal ganglion cells. Comp Biochem Physiol 116:255–263

Popova E, Mitova L, Vitanova L, Kupenova P (2000) Effect of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate on the OFF-responses of frog retinal ganglion cells and local ERG after glycinergic blockade. Comp Biochem Physiol 126:139–151

Racca C, Gardiol A, Triller A (1998) Cell-specific dendritic localization of glycine receptor α subunit messenger RNAs. Neuroscience 84:997–1012CrossRefPubMed

Sassoè-Pognetto M, Wässle H, Grünert U (1994) Glycinergic synapses in the rod pathway of the rat retina: cone bipolar cells express the α1 subunit of the glycine receptor. J Neurosci 14:5131–5146PubMed

Sassoè-Pognetto M, Grünert U, Greferath U, Fritschy J-M, Mohler H, Betz H, Wässle H (1995) Colocalization of gephyrin and GABA_A-receptor subunits in the rat retina. J Comp Neurol 357:1–14CrossRefPubMed

Schmitt B, Knaus P, Becker C-M, Betz H (1987) The M 93 000 polipeptide of the postsynaptic glycine receptor complex is a peripheral membrane protein. Biochem 26:805–811CrossRef

Schröder S, Hoch W, Becker C-M, Grenningloh G, Betz H (1991) Mapping of antigenic epitopes on the α1 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor. Biochem 30:42–47CrossRef

Singer J, Talley E, Bayliss D, Berger A (1998) Development of glycinergic synaptic transmission to rat brain stem motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 80:2608–2620PubMed

Smiley J, Basinger S (1988) Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity and glycine high-affinity uptake colocalize to an interplexiform cell of the Xenopus laevis retina. J Comp Neurol 274:608–618CrossRefPubMed

Smiley J, Basinger S (1989) Glycine high-affinity uptake labels a subpopulation of somatostatin-like immunoreactive cells in the Rana pipiens retina. Brain Res 495:31–44CrossRefPubMed

Smiley J, Yazulla S (1990) Glycinergic contacts in the outer plexiform layer of the Xenopus laevis retina characterized by antibodies to Glycine, GABA and Glycine receptors. J Comp Neurol 299:375–388CrossRefPubMed

Stone S, Schütte M. (1991) Physiological and morphological properties of on- and off-center bipolar cells in the Xenopus retina: effects of glycine and GABA. Vis Neurosci 7:363–376PubMed

Vigh J, Banvolgyi P, Wilhelm M. (2000) Amacrine cells of the anuran retina: morphology, chemical neuroanatomy and physiology. Microsc Res Tech 50:373–383CrossRefPubMed

Vitanova L, Haverkamp S, Wässle H (2003) Comparative investigation of glycine receptors in lower vertebrate retinae. Compt Rend l’Acad Bulg Sci 56:33–40

Vitanova L, Haverkamp S, Wässle H (2004) Immunocytochemical localization of glycine and glycine receptors in the retina of the frog Rana ridibunda. Cell Tissue Res 317:227–235CrossRefPubMed

Wässle H, Koulen P, Brandstätter JH, Fletcher EL, Becker CM (1998) Glycine and GABA receptors in the mammalian retina. Vision Res 38:1411–1430CrossRefPubMed

Watt C, Florack V (1993) Colocalization of glycine in substance P-amacrine cells of the larval tiger salamander retina. Vis Neurosci 10:899–906PubMed

Wu S, Maple B (1998) Amino acid neurotransmitters in the retina: a functional overview. Vision Res 38:1371–1384CrossRefPubMed

Yang C (1996) Glutamate immunoreactivity in the tiger salamander retina differentiates between GABA-immunoreactive and glycine-immunoreactive cells. J Neurocytol 25:391–403PubMed

Yazulla S, Studholme KM (2001) Neurochemical anatomy of the zebrafish retina as determined by immunocytochemistry. J Neurocytol 30:551–592CrossRefPubMed

Yazulla S, Studholme KM (1991a) Glycinergic interplexiform cells make synaptic contact with amacrine cell bodies in goldfish retina. J Comp Neurol 310:1–10CrossRef

Yazulla S, Studholme KM (1991b) Glycine receptor immunoreactivity in retinal bipolar cells is postsynaptic to glycinergic and GABAergic amacrine cell synapses. J Comp Neurol 310:11–20CrossRef

Zucker CL, Ehinger B (1993) Synaptic connections involving immunoreactive glycine receptors in the turtle retina. Vis Neurosci 10:907–914PubMed

Title: Immunocytochemical study of glycine receptors in the retina of the frog Xenopus laevis
Author: Lily Vitanova
Publication date: 01-06-2006
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 3/2006
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-005-0076-7

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Immunocytochemical study of glycine receptors in the retina of the frog Xenopus laevis

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2006

Expression of IGFBPs in the developing mouse submandibular and von Ebner’s glands

Mitotic activity of Sertoli cells in adult human testis: an immunohistochemical study to characterize Sertoli cells in testicular cords from patients showing testicular dysgenesis syndrome

Role of Wnt-6 in limb myogenesis

Microvascularization of thalamus and metathalamus in common tree shrew (Tupaia glis)

Re-examination of the topographical localization of facial nucleus in the pig

Homocysteine, hRIP3 and congenital cardiovascular malformations