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Virchows Archiv
Published in: Virchows Archiv 6/2011

01-06-2011 | Original Article

Detection of smoothelin expression in the urinary bladder is strongly dependent on pretreatment conditions: a critical analysis with possible consequences for cancer staging

Authors: Claes Lindh, Robert Nilsson, Marie Louise Lindstrom, Lilian Lundin, Goran Elmberger

Published in: Virchows Archiv | Issue 6/2011

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Abstract

Distinguishing urinary bladder muscularis propria (MP) from muscularis mucosae (MM) is crucial in bladder cancer staging. Immunohistochemical staining for the smooth muscle-specific protein smoothelin has been reported to be a robust marker for MP. The aim of this study was to investigate how smoothelin immunostaining in the bladder varies with pretreatment techniques and if it can be used to discriminate between MM and MP. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for smoothelin was performed on nontumoral sections from 18 cystectomy specimens using three different pretreatment protocols. The immunoreactivity of MM, MP and blood vessels was scored semiquantitatively. Staining intensity depended strongly on the different pretreatment protocols used. Heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) in alkaline buffer resulted in the strongest staining with a moderate or strong immunostaining of the MP in 18/18 (100%) of cases, but in 11/18 (61%), the MM was moderately or strongly stained. HIER in acidic buffer resulted in a suboptimal staining of the MP. Enzymatic pretreatment resulted in absent or weak staining. In conclusion, smoothelin IHC is strongly dependent on epitope retrieval, and smoothelin staining did not discriminate reliably between MP and MM with any of the tested pretreatment protocols.
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Metadata
Title
Detection of smoothelin expression in the urinary bladder is strongly dependent on pretreatment conditions: a critical analysis with possible consequences for cancer staging
Authors
Claes Lindh
Robert Nilsson
Marie Louise Lindstrom
Lilian Lundin
Goran Elmberger
Publication date
01-06-2011
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Virchows Archiv / Issue 6/2011
Print ISSN: 0945-6317
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2307
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-011-1076-z

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