Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 8/2016

01-12-2016 | REVIEW ARTICLE

Nominee and nominator, but never Nobel Laureate: Vincenz Czerny and the Nobel Prize

Authors: Nils Hansson, Annette Tuffs

Published in: Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery | Issue 8/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose

https://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00423-016-1511-3/MediaObjects/423_2016_1511_Figa_HTML.gif The Heidelberg surgeon Vincenz Czerny (1842–1916) is remembered as pioneer of innovative operations as well as entrepreneur of interdisciplinary cancer therapy. The purpose of this paper is to describe his role during the early history of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.

Method

Based on documents from the Nobel Archive, this paper investigates how Czerny contributed, both as nominee and nominator, in shaping the early years of Nobel Prize history.

Results

Vincenz Czerny was nominated at least three times for the Nobel Prize, but he was never selected. Czerny’s own nomination letters pinpoint important trends in medicine around the turn of the century. At least seven of the candidates he put forward, became Nobel Laureates.

Conclusion

Czerny—like many other internationally renowned surgeons during the first decades of the twentieth century—missed out on the Nobel Prize, partly because it is not a lifetime award and his work would have to have been more recent. However, with his nominations, Czerny helped to shape the Nobel Prize to become the most important scientific award worldwide.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Czerny V (1870) Versuche über Kehlkopfextirpation. Wien Med Wochenschr 20:557–561 Czerny V (1870) Versuche über Kehlkopfextirpation. Wien Med Wochenschr 20:557–561
2.
go back to reference Gussenbauer C (1874) Ueber die erste durch Th Billroth am Menschen ausgeführte Kehlkopfextirpation. Arch Klin Surg 17:343–356 Gussenbauer C (1874) Ueber die erste durch Th Billroth am Menschen ausgeführte Kehlkopfextirpation. Arch Klin Surg 17:343–356
3.
go back to reference Liebermann-Meffert D, White H (2000) Vinzenz Czerny (1842–1915): grand seigneur of oncologic surgery—life, influence and work of the second congress president of the ISS/SIC. World J Surg 24:1589–1598CrossRefPubMed Liebermann-Meffert D, White H (2000) Vinzenz Czerny (1842–1915): grand seigneur of oncologic surgery—life, influence and work of the second congress president of the ISS/SIC. World J Surg 24:1589–1598CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Amberger H, Amberger-Lahrmann M (1986) Krebschirurgie in Heidelberg. Eine historische Skizze. Springer Verlag, Berlin Amberger H, Amberger-Lahrmann M (1986) Krebschirurgie in Heidelberg. Eine historische Skizze. Springer Verlag, Berlin
5.
go back to reference Czerny V (1913) Über die neuen Bestrebungen, das Los der Krebskranken zu verbessern. Teubner, Leipzig/Berlin Czerny V (1913) Über die neuen Bestrebungen, das Los der Krebskranken zu verbessern. Teubner, Leipzig/Berlin
6.
go back to reference Wagner G (2000) Vincenz Czerny und Karl Heinrich Bauer—Zwei Krebsforscher. In: Eckart WU, Bauer AW, Bielka H et al (eds) 100 Years of organized cancer research. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, pp 31–37 Wagner G (2000) Vincenz Czerny und Karl Heinrich Bauer—Zwei Krebsforscher. In: Eckart WU, Bauer AW, Bielka H et al (eds) 100 Years of organized cancer research. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, pp 31–37
7.
go back to reference Willeke F, Lehnert T (1997) Vincenz Czerny: carrying concepts into the 21st century. Eur J Surg Oncol 23:253–256CrossRefPubMed Willeke F, Lehnert T (1997) Vincenz Czerny: carrying concepts into the 21st century. Eur J Surg Oncol 23:253–256CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Schöne G (1953) Vinzenz Czerny (1842-1916). Professor der Chirurgie in Freiburg und Heidelberg. Sein Beitrag zum Fortschritt in Chirurgie und Gynäkologie. Beitr zur klin Chir 187:385–408 Schöne G (1953) Vinzenz Czerny (1842-1916). Professor der Chirurgie in Freiburg und Heidelberg. Sein Beitrag zum Fortschritt in Chirurgie und Gynäkologie. Beitr zur klin Chir 187:385–408
9.
go back to reference Czerny V (1967) Aus meinem Leben. Herausgegeben und Anmerkungen W. Hiller. “Ruperto-Carola” XIX. Jahrgang – Band 41 Czerny V (1967) Aus meinem Leben. Herausgegeben und Anmerkungen W. Hiller. “Ruperto-Carola” XIX. Jahrgang – Band 41
10.
go back to reference Lindner C (2009) Vinzenz Czerny. Pionier der Chirurgie, chirurgischen Onkologie und integrierten Krebsforschung. Centaurus Verlag, Freiburg Lindner C (2009) Vinzenz Czerny. Pionier der Chirurgie, chirurgischen Onkologie und integrierten Krebsforschung. Centaurus Verlag, Freiburg
11.
go back to reference Buklijas T (2007) Surgery and national identity in late nineteenth-century Vienna. Stud Hist Phil Biol Biomed Sci 38:756–774CrossRef Buklijas T (2007) Surgery and national identity in late nineteenth-century Vienna. Stud Hist Phil Biol Biomed Sci 38:756–774CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Anon. (1900) The Nobel Endowment. BMJ (Nov. 24):1524 Anon. (1900) The Nobel Endowment. BMJ (Nov. 24):1524
13.
go back to reference Hansson N, Enke U (2015) Emil von Behring: erster Nobelpreisträger für Medizin—Die Bekämpfung der Diphtherie. DMW 140(25):1898–1902CrossRef Hansson N, Enke U (2015) Emil von Behring: erster Nobelpreisträger für Medizin—Die Bekämpfung der Diphtherie. DMW 140(25):1898–1902CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Casadevall A, Fang FC (2013) Is the Nobel Prize good for science? FASEB J 27(12):4682–4690 Casadevall A, Fang FC (2013) Is the Nobel Prize good for science? FASEB J 27(12):4682–4690
15.
go back to reference Liljestrand G (1962) The prize in physiology or medicine. In: Schück H, Sohlman R, Österling A et al. (eds) Nobel—the man and his prizes. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 135–316, 183 Liljestrand G (1962) The prize in physiology or medicine. In: Schück H, Sohlman R, Österling A et al. (eds) Nobel—the man and his prizes. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 135–316, 183
16.
go back to reference Hansson N (2015) „Ein Umschwung des medizinischen Denkens“ oder „eine übereifrige literarische Tätigkeit“? August Bier, die Homöopathie und der Nobelpreis 1906-1936. Jahrbuch für Medizin, Gesellschaft, Geschichte 33:217–246 Hansson N (2015) „Ein Umschwung des medizinischen Denkens“ oder „eine übereifrige literarische Tätigkeit“? August Bier, die Homöopathie und der Nobelpreis 1906-1936. Jahrbuch für Medizin, Gesellschaft, Geschichte 33:217–246
17.
go back to reference Schlich T (2007) Nobel Prizes for surgeons: in recognition of the surgical healing strategy. Int J Surg 5(2):129–133CrossRefPubMed Schlich T (2007) Nobel Prizes for surgeons: in recognition of the surgical healing strategy. Int J Surg 5(2):129–133CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Tröhler U (2013) Theodor Kochers Nobelpreis: Voraussetzungen, Bedingungen, Folgen. Ein Blick hinter die Kulissen. In: Steinke H, Wolff E, Schmid RA (eds) Schnitten, Knoten und Netze. 100 Jahre schweizerische Gesellschaft für Chirurgie. Chronos Verlag, Zürich, pp. 87–110 Tröhler U (2013) Theodor Kochers Nobelpreis: Voraussetzungen, Bedingungen, Folgen. Ein Blick hinter die Kulissen. In: Steinke H, Wolff E, Schmid RA (eds) Schnitten, Knoten und Netze. 100 Jahre schweizerische Gesellschaft für Chirurgie. Chronos Verlag, Zürich, pp. 87–110
19.
go back to reference Hansson N, Fangerau H, Tuffs A, Polianski IJ (2016) No silver medal for Nobel Prize contenders—why anesthesia pioneers were nominated for but denied the award. Anesthesiology 125:34–38CrossRefPubMed Hansson N, Fangerau H, Tuffs A, Polianski IJ (2016) No silver medal for Nobel Prize contenders—why anesthesia pioneers were nominated for but denied the award. Anesthesiology 125:34–38CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Hansson N, Schlich T (2015) “Highly qualified loser”? Harvey Cushing and the Nobel Prize. J Neurosurg 122:976–979CrossRefPubMed Hansson N, Schlich T (2015) “Highly qualified loser”? Harvey Cushing and the Nobel Prize. J Neurosurg 122:976–979CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Czerny V (1904) Die Entwickelung der Chirurgie, Die Zukunft, Hrsg.: Maximilian Harden. Verlag der Zukunft, Berlin, pp. 477–491 Czerny V (1904) Die Entwickelung der Chirurgie, Die Zukunft, Hrsg.: Maximilian Harden. Verlag der Zukunft, Berlin, pp. 477–491
22.
go back to reference Hansson N, Halling T, Fangerau H (2016) The Nobel Prize and otolaryngology: Papa Gunnar’s promotion of his peers Gustav Killian and Themistocles Gluck. Acta Otolaryngol 136(9):871–874CrossRefPubMed Hansson N, Halling T, Fangerau H (2016) The Nobel Prize and otolaryngology: Papa Gunnar’s promotion of his peers Gustav Killian and Themistocles Gluck. Acta Otolaryngol 136(9):871–874CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Hansson N, Schagen U (2014) The limit of a strong lobby: why did August Bier and Ferdinand Sauerbruch never receive the Nobel Prize? Int J Surg 12:998–1002CrossRefPubMed Hansson N, Schagen U (2014) The limit of a strong lobby: why did August Bier and Ferdinand Sauerbruch never receive the Nobel Prize? Int J Surg 12:998–1002CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Zur Hausen H (2015) Warum erhalten Chirurgen so selten den Nobelpreis? In: Büchler MW (ed) In Memoriam Christian Herfarth 1933–2014. Kaden Verlag, Heidelberg, pp 39–46 Zur Hausen H (2015) Warum erhalten Chirurgen so selten den Nobelpreis? In: Büchler MW (ed) In Memoriam Christian Herfarth 1933–2014. Kaden Verlag, Heidelberg, pp 39–46
Metadata
Title
Nominee and nominator, but never Nobel Laureate: Vincenz Czerny and the Nobel Prize
Authors
Nils Hansson
Annette Tuffs
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery / Issue 8/2016
Print ISSN: 1435-2443
Electronic ISSN: 1435-2451
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-016-1511-3

Other articles of this Issue 8/2016

Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 8/2016 Go to the issue