Top

European Journal of Applied Physiology

Published in:

Open Access 01-07-2018 | Original Article

Impact of acute dynamic exercise on radial artery low-flow mediated constriction in humans

Authors: Robert O. Elliott, Sultan Alsalahi, James P. Fisher

Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Issue 7/2018

Abstract

Purpose

A “low-flow mediated constriction” (L-FMC) is evoked in the radial artery by the inflation of an ipsilateral wrist cuff to a supra-systolic pressure. We sought to test the hypothesis that the radial artery L-FMC response is augmented immediately following acute dynamic leg exercise in young healthy individuals.

Methods

Ten healthy and recreationally active men (23 ± 4 years) undertook a 30-min trial of incremental dynamic leg cycling exercise (10 min at 50, 100 and 150 W) and a 30-min time control trial (seated rest). Trials were randomly assigned and performed on separate days. Radial artery characteristics (diameter, blood flow and shear rate) were assessed throughout each trial, with L-FMC and flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) assessments conducted prior to and immediately following (10 min) trials.

Results

Dynamic leg cycling exercise increased radial artery blood flow, along with mean, retrograde and anterograde shear rate (P < 0.05). Blood flow profiles were unchanged during the time control trial (P > 0.05). Following exercise L-FMC was increased (mean [SD]; − 5.6 [3.3] vs. − 10.1 [3.8] %, P < 0.05), while it was not different in the time control condition (− 8.1 [3.2] vs. − 6.7 [3.4] %, P > 0.05). FMD was not different following either the exercise or time control trials (P > 0.05), but the composite end-point of L-FMC + FMD was enhanced post-exercise (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Dynamic exercise with a large muscle mass acutely augments the vasoconstrictor response of the radial artery in response to a reduction in blood flow (L-FMC) in young healthy individuals. The time course of this post-exercise response and the underlying vasoregulatory mechanisms require elucidation.

Akutsu Y et al (2002) Significance of ST-segment morphology noted on electrocardiography during the recovery phase after exercise in patients with ischemic heart disease as analyzed with simultaneous dual-isotope single photon emission tomography. Am Heart J 144:335–342CrossRefPubMed

Albert CM, Mittleman MA, Chae CU, Lee IM, Hennekens CH, Manson JE (2000) Triggering of sudden death from cardiac causes by vigorous exertion. N Engl J Med 343:1355–1361. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200011093431902 CrossRefPubMed

Anderson EA, Mark AL (1989) Flow-mediated and reflex changes in large peripheral artery tone in humans. Circulation 79:93–100CrossRefPubMed

Anderson TJ et al (1995) Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations. J Am Coll Cardiol 26:1235–1241CrossRefPubMed

Atkinson CL, Lewis NC, Carter HH, Thijssen DH, Ainslie PN, Green DJ (2015) Impact of sympathetic nervous system activity on post-exercise flow-mediated dilatation in humans. J Physiol 593:5145–5156. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270946 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Barcroft H, Millen JL (1939) The blood flow through muscle during sustained contraction. J Physiol 97:17–31CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Birk GK, Dawson EA, Batterham AM, Atkinson G, Cable T, Thijssen DH, Green DJ (2013) Effects of exercise intensity on flow mediated dilation in healthy humans. Int J Sports Med 34:409–414. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1323829 PubMedCrossRef

Corretti MC et al (2002) Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. J Am Coll Cardiol 39:257–265CrossRefPubMed

Dawson EA et al (2012) Low-flow mediated constriction is endothelium-dependent: effects of exercise training after radial artery catheterization. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 5:713–719. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.112.971556 CrossRefPubMed

Dawson EA, Green DJ, Cable NT, Thijssen DH (2013) Effects of acute exercise on flow-mediated dilatation in healthy humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 115:1589–1598. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00450.2013 CrossRef

Donders AR, van der Heijden GJ, Stijnen T, Moons KG (2006) Review: a gentle introduction to imputation of missing values. J Clin Epidemiol 59:1087–1091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.01.014 CrossRefPubMed

Fisher JP, Young CN, Fadel PJ (2015) Autonomic adjustments to exercise in humans. Compr Physiol 5:475–512. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c140022 CrossRefPubMed

Fletcher GF et al (2013) Exercise standards for testing and training: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 128:873–934. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e31829b5b44 CrossRefPubMed

Gemignani V, Faita F, Ghiadoni L, Poggianti E, Demi M (2007) A system for real-time measurement of the brachial artery diameter in B-mode ultrasound images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 26:393–404. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2006.891477 CrossRefPubMed

Gori T, Dragoni S, Lisi M, Di Stolfo G, Sonnati S, Fineschi M, Parker JD (2008) Conduit artery constriction mediated by low flow a novel noninvasive method for the assessment of vascular function. J Am Coll Cardiol 51:1953–1958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.01.049 CrossRefPubMed

Gori T et al (2010) Assessment of vascular function: flow-mediated constriction complements the information of flow-mediated dilatation. Heart 96:141–147. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2009.167213 CrossRefPubMed

Gori T et al (2012) Endothelial function assessment: flow-mediated dilation and constriction provide different and complementary information on the presence of coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 33:363–371. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr361 CrossRefPubMed

Gori T et al (2016) Both flow-mediated dilation and constriction are associated with changes in blood flow and shear stress: two complementary perspectives on endothelial function. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 64:255–266. https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-168102 CrossRefPubMed

Green DJ, Dawson EA, Groenewoud HM, Jones H, Thijssen DH (2014) Is flow-mediated dilation nitric oxide mediated? A meta-analysis. Hypertension 63:376–382. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02044 CrossRefPubMed

Hambrecht R et al (2003) Regular physical activity improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease by increasing phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Circulation 107:3152–3158. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000074229.93804.5C CrossRefPubMed

Humphreys RE, Green DJ, Cable NT, Thijssen DH, Dawson EA (2014) Low-flow mediated constriction: the yin to FMD’s yang? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 12:557–564. https://doi.org/10.1586/14779072.2014.909728 CrossRefPubMed

Ichinose M, Saito M, Fujii N, Ogawa T, Hayashi K, Kondo N, Nishiyasu T (2008) Modulation of the control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity during incremental leg cycling. J Physiol 586:2753–2766. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.150060 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Joannides R, Haefeli WE, Linder L, Richard V, Bakkali EH, Thuillez C, Luscher TF (1995) Nitric oxide is responsible for flow-dependent dilatation of human peripheral conduit arteries in vivo. Circulation 91:1314–1319CrossRefPubMed

Johnson JM (2010) Exercise in a hot environment: the skin circulation Scand. J Med Sci Sports 20(Suppl 3):29–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01206.x CrossRef

Kooijman M et al (2008) Flow-mediated dilatation in the superficial femoral artery is nitric oxide mediated in humans. J Physiol 586:1137–1145. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.145722 CrossRefPubMed

Laughlin MH, Newcomer SC, Bender SB (2008) Importance of hemodynamic forces as signals for exercise-induced changes in endothelial cell phenotype. J Appl Physiol (1985) 104:588–600. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01096.2007 CrossRef

Levenson J, Simon A, Pithois-Merli I (1987) Brachial arterial changes in response to wrist occlusion in normotensive and hypertensive men. Am J Physiol 253:H217–H224

Maeda S, Miyauchi T, Sakane M, Saito M, Maki S, Goto K, Matsuda M (1997) Does endothelin-1 participate in the exercise-induced changes of blood flow distribution of muscles in humans? J Appl Physiol (1985) 82:1107–1111CrossRef

Maiorana A et al (2001) The effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on vascular function in type 2 diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 38:860–866CrossRefPubMed

Mittleman MA, Siscovick DS (1996) Physical exertion as a trigger of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Cardiol Clin 14:263–270CrossRefPubMed

Mullen MJ et al (2001) Heterogenous nature of flow-mediated dilatation in human conduit arteries in vivo: relevance to endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolemia. Circ Res 88:145–151CrossRefPubMed

Padilla J, Simmons GH, Vianna LC, Davis MJ, Laughlin MH, Fadel PJ (2011) Brachial artery vasodilatation during prolonged lower limb exercise: role of shear rate. Exp Physiol 96:1019–1027. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2011.059584 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Rakobowchuk M, Harris E, Taylor A, Baliga V, Cubbon RM, Rossiter HB, Birch KM (2012) Heavy and moderate interval exercise training alters low-flow-mediated constriction but does not increase circulating progenitor cells in healthy humans. Exp Physiol 97:375–385. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2011.062836 CrossRefPubMed

Ras RT, Streppel MT, Draijer R, Zock PL (2013) Flow-mediated dilation and cardiovascular risk prediction: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 168:344–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.047 CrossRefPubMed

Razminia M et al (2004) Validation of a new formula for mean arterial pressure calculation: the new formula is superior to the standard formula. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 63:419–425. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.20217 CrossRefPubMed

Simmons GH et al (2011) Increased brachial artery retrograde shear rate at exercise onset is abolished during prolonged cycling: role of thermoregulatory vasodilation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 110:389–397. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00936.2010 CrossRef

Siscovick DS, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH, Lasky T (1984) The incidence of primary cardiac arrest during vigorous exercise. N Engl J Med 311:874–877. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198410043111402 CrossRefPubMed

Spieker LE, Luscher TF, Noll G (2003) ETA receptors mediate vasoconstriction of large conduit arteries during reduced flow in humans. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 42:315–318CrossRefPubMed

Takase B et al (1998) Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in coronary and brachial arteries in suspected coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 82:1535–1539 (A1537–A1538) CrossRefPubMed

Thijssen DH et al (2011) Assessment of flow-mediated dilation in humans: a methodological and physiological guideline. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 300:H2–H12. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00471.2010 CrossRef

Thijssen DH, Atkinson CL, Ono K, Sprung VS, Spence AL, Pugh CJ, Green DJ (2014) Sympathetic nervous system activation, arterial shear rate, and flow-mediated dilation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 116:1300–1307. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00110.2014 CrossRef

Thompson BC, Fadia T, Pincivero DM, Scheuermann BW (2007) Forearm blood flow responses to fatiguing isometric contractions in women and men. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293:H805–H812. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01136.2006 CrossRef

Watts K, Beye P, Siafarikas A, Davis EA, Jones TW, O’Driscoll G, Green DJ (2004) Exercise training normalizes vascular dysfunction and improves central adiposity in obese adolescents. J Am Coll Cardiol 43:1823–1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2004.01.032 CrossRefPubMed

Weissgerber TL, Davies GA, Tschakovsky ME (2010) Low flow-mediated constriction occurs in the radial but not the brachial artery in healthy pregnant and nonpregnant women. J Appl Physiol (1985) 108:1097–1105. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00815.2009 CrossRef

Title: Impact of acute dynamic exercise on radial artery low-flow mediated constriction in humans
Authors: Robert O. Elliott
Sultan Alsalahi
James P. Fisher
Publication date: 01-07-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Issue 7/2018
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Electronic ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3876-1

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Impact of acute dynamic exercise on radial artery low-flow mediated constriction in humans

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 7/2018

The effects of different durations of static stretching within a comprehensive warm-up on voluntary and evoked contractile properties

Biomechanical properties of the patellar tendon in children with heritable connective tissue disorders

Effects of training intensity in electromyostimulation on human skeletal muscle

Physiological and psychological determinants of whole-body endurance exercise following short-term sustained operations with partial sleep deprivation

Right ventriculo–arterial uncoupling and impaired contractile reserve in obese patients with unexplained exercise intolerance

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in the immediate post-exercise period: correlation with breathing-specific heart rate