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European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

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Open Access 01-06-2021 | Schizophrenia | Original Paper

The role of expectancies and emotional load in false auditory perceptions among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Authors: Łukasz Gawęda, Steffen Moritz

Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience | Issue 4/2021

Abstract

Cognitive models suggest that top-down and emotional processes increase false perceptions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, little is still known about the interaction of these processes in false auditory perceptions. The present study aimed at investigating the specific as well as joint impacts of expectancies and emotional load on false auditory perceptions in SSD. Thirty-three patients with SSD and 33 matched healthy controls were assessed with a false perception task. Participants were asked to detect a target stimulus (a word) in a white noise background (the word was present in 60% of the cases and absent in 40%). Conditions varied in terms of the level of expectancy (1. no cue prior to the stimulus, 2. semantic priming, 3. semantic priming accompanied by a video of a man’s mouth spelling out the word). The words used were neutral or emotionally negative. Symptom severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Higher expectancy significantly increased the likelihood of false auditory perceptions only among the patients with SSD (the group x expectancy condition interaction was significant), which was unrelated to general cognitive performance. Emotional load had no impact on false auditory perceptions in either group. Patients made more false auditory perceptions with high confidence than controls did. False auditory perceptions were significantly correlated with the severity of positive symptoms and disorganization, but not with other dimensions. Perception in SSD seems to be susceptible to top-down processes, increasing the likelihood of high-confidence false auditory perceptions.

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Title: The role of expectancies and emotional load in false auditory perceptions among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Łukasz Gawęda
Steffen Moritz
Publication date: 01-06-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Schizophrenia
Published in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience / Issue 4/2021
Print ISSN: 0940-1334
Electronic ISSN: 1433-8491
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-019-01065-2

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

The role of expectancies and emotional load in false auditory perceptions among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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