Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 4/2012

01-04-2012 | Rhinology

Olfactory function in patients with ischemic stroke: a pilot study

Authors: Maria Paola Cecchini, Viola Bojanowski, Ulf Bodechtel, Thomas Hummel, Antje Hähner

Published in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology | Issue 4/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

The aim of this pilot study was to investigate olfactory function in unselected, cooperative patients with ischemic stroke and to gain information about olfactory perception in patients with distinct stroke localizations. Three ischemic stroke patients underwent olfactory testing using the Sniffin’ Sticks test and olfactory event-related potentials recording. All stroke patients were found to be normosmic or only slightly hyposmic when using a psychophysical testing device with age-adjusted norms. No responses or longer latencies on the affected side were found, however, when recording evoked potentials. This seems to argue for the idea that on the affected side it is often possible to document the objective lesion although the subjective perception of the patient appears normal.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Rousseaux M, Muller P, Gahide I, Mottin Y, Romon M (1996) Disorders of smell, taste and food intake in a patient with dorsomedial thalamic infarct. Stroke 27:2328–2330PubMedCrossRef Rousseaux M, Muller P, Gahide I, Mottin Y, Romon M (1996) Disorders of smell, taste and food intake in a patient with dorsomedial thalamic infarct. Stroke 27:2328–2330PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Moo L, Wityk RJ (1999) Olfactory and taste dysfunction after bilateral middle cerebral artery stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 8:353–354PubMedCrossRef Moo L, Wityk RJ (1999) Olfactory and taste dysfunction after bilateral middle cerebral artery stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 8:353–354PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Shelley WB, Shelley ED (2000) The smell of burnt toast: a case report. Cutis 65:225–226PubMed Shelley WB, Shelley ED (2000) The smell of burnt toast: a case report. Cutis 65:225–226PubMed
4.
go back to reference Mak YE, Simmons KB, Gitelman DR, Small DM (2005) Taste and olfactory intensity perception changes following left insular stroke. Behav Neurosci 119:1693–1700PubMedCrossRef Mak YE, Simmons KB, Gitelman DR, Small DM (2005) Taste and olfactory intensity perception changes following left insular stroke. Behav Neurosci 119:1693–1700PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Asai H, Udaka F, Hirano M, Ueno S (2008) Odor abnormalities caused by bilateral thalamic infarction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 110:500–501PubMedCrossRef Asai H, Udaka F, Hirano M, Ueno S (2008) Odor abnormalities caused by bilateral thalamic infarction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 110:500–501PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Green TL, McGregor LD, King KM (2008) Smell and taste dysfunction following minor stroke: a case report. Can J Neurosci Nurs 30:10–13PubMed Green TL, McGregor LD, King KM (2008) Smell and taste dysfunction following minor stroke: a case report. Can J Neurosci Nurs 30:10–13PubMed
7.
go back to reference Heckmann JG, Stössel C, Lang CJ, Neundörfer B, Tomandl B, Hummel T et al (2005) Taste disorders in acute stroke. A prospective observational study on taste disorders in 102 stroke patients. Stroke 36:1690–1694PubMedCrossRef Heckmann JG, Stössel C, Lang CJ, Neundörfer B, Tomandl B, Hummel T et al (2005) Taste disorders in acute stroke. A prospective observational study on taste disorders in 102 stroke patients. Stroke 36:1690–1694PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Gottfried JA (2006) Smell: central nervous processing. In: Hummel T, Welge-Lüssen A (eds) Taste and Smell. An Update. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. Karger, Basel, pp 44–69CrossRef Gottfried JA (2006) Smell: central nervous processing. In: Hummel T, Welge-Lüssen A (eds) Taste and Smell. An Update. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. Karger, Basel, pp 44–69CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Haberly LB (1998) Olfactory cortex. In: Shepherd GM (ed) The synaptic organization of the brain. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 377–416 Haberly LB (1998) Olfactory cortex. In: Shepherd GM (ed) The synaptic organization of the brain. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 377–416
10.
go back to reference Mainland JD, Johnson BN, Khan R, Ivry RB, Sobel N (2005) Olfactory impairments in patients with unilateral cerebellar lesions are selective to inputs from the contralesional nostril. J Neurosci 25:6362–6371PubMedCrossRef Mainland JD, Johnson BN, Khan R, Ivry RB, Sobel N (2005) Olfactory impairments in patients with unilateral cerebellar lesions are selective to inputs from the contralesional nostril. J Neurosci 25:6362–6371PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Kronenbuerger M, Zobel S, Ilgner J, Finkelmeyer A, Reinacher P, Coenen VA et al (2010) Effect of deep brain stimulation of the cerebellothalamic pathways on the sense of smell. Exp Neurol 222:144–152PubMedCrossRef Kronenbuerger M, Zobel S, Ilgner J, Finkelmeyer A, Reinacher P, Coenen VA et al (2010) Effect of deep brain stimulation of the cerebellothalamic pathways on the sense of smell. Exp Neurol 222:144–152PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Hummel T, Sekinger B, Wolf SR, Pauli E, Kobal G (1997) Sniffin’ Sticks: olfactory performance assessed by the combined testing of odor identification, odor discrimination and olfactory thresholds. Chem Senses 22:39–52PubMedCrossRef Hummel T, Sekinger B, Wolf SR, Pauli E, Kobal G (1997) Sniffin’ Sticks: olfactory performance assessed by the combined testing of odor identification, odor discrimination and olfactory thresholds. Chem Senses 22:39–52PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Hummel T, Kobal G, Gudziol H, Mackay-Sim A (2007) Normative data for the Sniffin’ Sticks including tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds: an upgrade based on a group of more than 3,000 subjects. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264:237–243PubMedCrossRef Hummel T, Kobal G, Gudziol H, Mackay-Sim A (2007) Normative data for the Sniffin’ Sticks including tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds: an upgrade based on a group of more than 3,000 subjects. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264:237–243PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Bratt T, Adams HP Jr, Olinger CP, Marler JR, Barsan WG, Biller J et al (1989) Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: a clinical examination scale [see comments]. Stroke 20:864–870CrossRef Bratt T, Adams HP Jr, Olinger CP, Marler JR, Barsan WG, Biller J et al (1989) Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: a clinical examination scale [see comments]. Stroke 20:864–870CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Kobal G, Plattig KH (1978) Objective olfactometry: methodological annotations for recording olfactory EEG-responses from the awake human. EEG EMG Z Elektroenzephalogr Elektromyogr Verwandte Ge 9(3):135–145 Kobal G, Plattig KH (1978) Objective olfactometry: methodological annotations for recording olfactory EEG-responses from the awake human. EEG EMG Z Elektroenzephalogr Elektromyogr Verwandte Ge 9(3):135–145
16.
go back to reference Kobal G, Hummel C, Nuernberg B, Brune K (1990) Effects of pentazocine and acetylsalicylic acid on pain rating, pain-related evoked potentials and vigilance in relationship to pharmacokinetic parameters. Agents Actions 29:342–359PubMedCrossRef Kobal G, Hummel C, Nuernberg B, Brune K (1990) Effects of pentazocine and acetylsalicylic acid on pain rating, pain-related evoked potentials and vigilance in relationship to pharmacokinetic parameters. Agents Actions 29:342–359PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Lötsch J, Hummel T (2006) The clinical significance of electrophysiological measures of olfactory function. Behav Brain Res 170:78–83PubMedCrossRef Lötsch J, Hummel T (2006) The clinical significance of electrophysiological measures of olfactory function. Behav Brain Res 170:78–83PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Olfactory function in patients with ischemic stroke: a pilot study
Authors
Maria Paola Cecchini
Viola Bojanowski
Ulf Bodechtel
Thomas Hummel
Antje Hähner
Publication date
01-04-2012
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology / Issue 4/2012
Print ISSN: 0937-4477
Electronic ISSN: 1434-4726
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-011-1819-0

Other articles of this Issue 4/2012

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 4/2012 Go to the issue