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Archives of Dermatological Research
Published in: Archives of Dermatological Research 10/2016

01-12-2016 | Review

Effects of insulin on the skin: possible healing benefits for diabetic foot ulcers

Authors: T. Emanuelli, A. Burgeiro, E. Carvalho

Published in: Archives of Dermatological Research | Issue 10/2016

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Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers affect 15–20 % of all diabetic patients and remain an important challenge since the available therapies have limited efficacy and some of the novel therapeutic approaches, which include growth factors and stem cells, are highly expensive and their safety remains to be evaluated. Despite its low cost and safety, the interest for topical insulin as a healing agent has increased only in the last 20 years. The molecular mechanisms of insulin signaling and its metabolic effects have been well studied in its classical target tissues. However, little is known about the specific effects of insulin in healthy or even diabetic skin. In addition, the mechanisms involved in the effects of insulin on wound healing have been virtually unknown until about 10 years ago. This paper will review the most recent advances in the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the beneficial effects of insulin on skin wound healing in diabetes. Emerging evidence that links dysfunction of key cellular organelles, namely the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, to changes in the autophagy response, as well as the impaired wound healing in diabetic patients will also be discussed along with the putative mechanisms whereby insulin could regulate/modulate these alterations.
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Metadata
Title
Effects of insulin on the skin: possible healing benefits for diabetic foot ulcers
Authors
T. Emanuelli
A. Burgeiro
E. Carvalho
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Archives of Dermatological Research / Issue 10/2016
Print ISSN: 0340-3696
Electronic ISSN: 1432-069X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-016-1686-z

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