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European Journal of Nutrition

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Open Access 01-09-2021 | Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Original Contribution

Efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet in adult irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Anne-Sophie van Lanen, Angelika de Bree, Arno Greyling

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 6/2021

Abstract

Purpose

This review provides an updated overview of observational and intervention studies investigating the effect of a low-FODMAP (fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides, and polyols) diet (LFD) on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, quality of life (QoL), nutritional adequacy, and gut microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients.

Methods

We systematically searched available literature until October 2020 for studies that investigated the effect of LFDs on GI symptoms, QoL, nutritional adequacy, and the gut microbiome in IBS patients. The data were represented as standardized mean differences (SMD) for IBS severity, and as mean differences (MD) for IBS-QoL. Meta-analyses were performed for the quantitative analyses using random effects models with inverse variance weighing.

Results

Twelve papers (nine parallel trials, three crossover studies) were included for the meta-analysis. The LFD reduced IBS severity by a moderate-to-large extent as compared to a control diet (SMD − 0.66, 95% CI − 0.88, − 0.44, I² = 54%). When analyzing only studies that used the validated IBS-SSS questionnaire, a mean reduction of 45 points (95% CI − 77, − 14; I² = 89%) was observed. Subgroup analyses on adherence, age, intervention duration, IBS subtype, outcome measure, and risk of bias revealed no significantly different results. The LFD also increased IBS-QoL scores, when compared with a control diet (MD 4.93; 95% CI 1.77, 8.08; I² = 42%).

Conclusions

The low-FODMAP diet reduces GI symptoms and improves quality of life in IBS subjects as compared to control diets. Future work is required to obtain definitive answers regarding potential long-term effects of such diets on nutritional adequacy and the gut microbiome.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020175157.

Available only for authorised users

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Title: Efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet in adult irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Anne-Sophie van Lanen
Angelika de Bree
Arno Greyling
Publication date: 01-09-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 6/2021
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02473-0

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Red meat consumption and biological markers of metabolic disorders

Dietary patterns and intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults: a 3-year prospective cohort study

A randomized controlled trial on the coloprotective effect of coenzyme Q10 on immune-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative status, antimicrobial peptides, and microRNA-146a expression in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage