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European Journal of Nutrition

Published in:

01-10-2019 | Original Contribution

Association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of lung cancer among smokers in a prospective study in Singapore

Authors: Nitin Shivappa, Renwei Wang, James R. Hébert, Aizhen Jin, Woon-Puay Koh, Jian Min Yuan

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 7/2019

Abstract

Background

Diet and inflammation have been suggested to be important risk factors for lung cancer. We examined the ability of the dietary inflammatory index (DII^®) to predict lung cancer in the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). The DII is a diet quality index based on the literature linking foods and nutrients with inflammatory biomarkers.

Patients and methods

Using data from the SCHS for 60,232 participants, including 1851 lung cancer cases, we investigated the associations of baseline DII scores calculated from a food frequency questionnaire with risk of developing lung cancer over an average of 17.6 years of follow-up. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox regression, adjusting for smoking status and other risk factors.

Results

After excluding cancers diagnosed in the first 2 years of follow-up, the DII was non-significantly associated with risk of lung cancer (HR_Q5vsQ1 = 1.13; 95% CI 0.94–1.35; P-trend = 0.24) after adjusting for age, dialect group, sex, interview year, education, body mass index, total calorie intake, physical activity and various smoking variables. In stratified analysis, stronger, statistically significant associations were evident in current smokers (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.11–1.86; P_trend = 0.03, P for interaction = 0.003) and in male ever-smokers (HR_Q5vsQ1 = 1.37; 95% CI 1.07–1.77; P-trend = 0.03).

Conclusion

A pro-inflammatory diet, as shown by higher DII scores, is associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer for subjects with a history of smoking. Public health measures should be adopted to promote consumption of a healthy, anti-inflammatory diet to reduce the risk of lung cancer, especially in current and former smokers.

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Title: Association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of lung cancer among smokers in a prospective study in Singapore
Authors: Nitin Shivappa
Renwei Wang
James R. Hébert
Aizhen Jin
Woon-Puay Koh
Jian Min Yuan
Publication date: 01-10-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 7/2019
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1825-8

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