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European Journal of Nutrition
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 2/2017

Open Access 01-03-2017 | Original Contribution

Fish consumption and frying of fish in relation to type 2 diabetes incidence: a prospective cohort study of Swedish men

Authors: Alice Wallin, Daniela Di Giuseppe, Nicola Orsini, Agneta Åkesson, Nita G. Forouhi, Alicja Wolk

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2017

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Abstract

Purpose

Epidemiological evidence on the association between fish consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes is heterogeneous across geographical regions. Differences related to fish consumption pattern could possibly help explain the discrepancy between the findings. We therefore aimed to investigate the association between fish consumption (total, fried, specific fish items) and type 2 diabetes incidence, taking exposure to contaminants present in fish (polychlorinated biphenyls and methyl mercury) into consideration.

Methods

The population-based Cohort of Swedish Men, including 35,583 men aged 45–79 years, was followed from 1998 to 2012. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

During 15 years of follow-up, 3624 incident cases were identified. Total fish consumption (≥4 servings/week vs. <1 serving/week) was not associated with type 2 diabetes in multivariable-adjusted analysis (HR 1.00; 95 % CI 0.85–1.18); however, a statistically non-significant inverse association was observed after adjustment for dietary contaminant exposures (HR 0.79; 95 % CI 0.60–1.04). Fried fish (≥6 servings/month vs. ≤1 servings/month) and shellfish consumption (≥1 serving/week vs. never/seldom) were associated with HRs of 1.14 (95 % CI 1.03–1.31) and 1.21 (95 % CI 1.07–1.36), respectively.

Conclusions

We observed no overall association between total fish consumption and type 2 diabetes. The results indicated that dietary contaminants in fish may influence the relationship. Fried fish and shellfish consumption were associated with higher type 2 diabetes incidence. These findings suggest that more specific advice on fish species sub-types (varying in contamination) and preparation methods may be warranted.
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Metadata
Title
Fish consumption and frying of fish in relation to type 2 diabetes incidence: a prospective cohort study of Swedish men
Authors
Alice Wallin
Daniela Di Giuseppe
Nicola Orsini
Agneta Åkesson
Nita G. Forouhi
Alicja Wolk
Publication date
01-03-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1132-6

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