Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 1/2009

01-02-2009 | REVIEW

The effect of marine n-3 fatty acids in different doses on plasma concentrations of Lp-PLA2 in healthy adults

Authors: Maria Weinkouff Pedersen, Prof. Wolfgang Koenig, Prof. Jeppe Hagstrup Christensen, Prof. Erik Berg Schmidt

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is an emerging independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lp-PLA2 can be modified by lipid lowering drugs, but it is unknown whether diet can reduce plasma levels of Lp-PLA2.

Aim of the study

The aim of the trial was to study the effect of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on plasma Lp-PLA2 levels in healthy subjects.

Methods

Sixty healthy subjects were randomized to a moderate dose (2 g) of n-3 PUFA, a high dose (6.6 g) of n-3 PUFA or olive oil (control) daily for 12 weeks. Plasma Lp-PLA2 was measured at baseline and after the interventions.

Results

Plasma Lp-PLA2 levels were unchanged in all three groups before and after the supplements. Neither did the results differ between groups. There was no correlation between the content of n-3 PUFA in platelets or granulocytes or plasma Lp-PLA2.

Conclusion

Marine n-3 PUFA had no effect on plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 in healthy adults and relatively young people.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Anderson JL (2008) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: an independent predictor of coronary artery disease events in primary and secondary prevention. Am J Cardiol 101:23F–33FCrossRef Anderson JL (2008) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: an independent predictor of coronary artery disease events in primary and secondary prevention. Am J Cardiol 101:23F–33FCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Bang H, Coresh J, Folsom AR, Heiss G, Sharrett AR (2004) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident coronary heart disease in middle-aged men and women in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 109:837–842CrossRef Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Bang H, Coresh J, Folsom AR, Heiss G, Sharrett AR (2004) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident coronary heart disease in middle-aged men and women in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 109:837–842CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Blake GJ, Dada N, Fox JC, Manson JE, Ridker PM (2001) A prospective evaluation of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) levels and the risk of future cardiovascular events in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 38:1302–1306CrossRef Blake GJ, Dada N, Fox JC, Manson JE, Ridker PM (2001) A prospective evaluation of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) levels and the risk of future cardiovascular events in women. J Am Coll Cardiol 38:1302–1306CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Boyd HF, Fell SC, Hickey DM, Ife RJ, Leach CA, Macphee CH, Milliner KJ, Pinto IL, Rawlings DA, Smith SA, Stansfield IG, Stanway SJ, Theobald CJ, Whittaker CM (2002) Potent, orally active inhibitors of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2): 1-(biphenylmethylamidoalkyl)-pyrimidones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 12:51–55CrossRef Boyd HF, Fell SC, Hickey DM, Ife RJ, Leach CA, Macphee CH, Milliner KJ, Pinto IL, Rawlings DA, Smith SA, Stansfield IG, Stanway SJ, Theobald CJ, Whittaker CM (2002) Potent, orally active inhibitors of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2): 1-(biphenylmethylamidoalkyl)-pyrimidones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 12:51–55CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Brilakis ES, McConnell JP, Lennon RJ, Elesber AA, Meyer JG, Berger PB (2005) Association of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 levels with coronary artery disease risk factors, angiographic coronary artery disease, and major adverse events at follow-up. Eur Heart J 26:137–144CrossRef Brilakis ES, McConnell JP, Lennon RJ, Elesber AA, Meyer JG, Berger PB (2005) Association of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 levels with coronary artery disease risk factors, angiographic coronary artery disease, and major adverse events at follow-up. Eur Heart J 26:137–144CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Calder PC (2006) Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 75:197–202CrossRef Calder PC (2006) Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 75:197–202CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Caslake MJ, Packard CJ (2003) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase) and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 14:347–352CrossRef Caslake MJ, Packard CJ (2003) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase) and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 14:347–352CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Christensen JH, Christensen MS, Dyerberg J, Schmidt EB (1999) Heart rate variability and fatty acid content of blood cell membranes: a dose-response study with n-3 fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 70:331–337 Christensen JH, Christensen MS, Dyerberg J, Schmidt EB (1999) Heart rate variability and fatty acid content of blood cell membranes: a dose-response study with n-3 fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 70:331–337
9.
go back to reference Filippatos TD, Gazi IF, Liberopoulos EN, Athyros VG, Elisaf MS, Tselepis AD, Kiortsis DN (2007) The effect of orlistat and fenofibrate, alone or in combination, on small dense LDL and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) in obese patients with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis 193:428–437CrossRef Filippatos TD, Gazi IF, Liberopoulos EN, Athyros VG, Elisaf MS, Tselepis AD, Kiortsis DN (2007) The effect of orlistat and fenofibrate, alone or in combination, on small dense LDL and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) in obese patients with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis 193:428–437CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Garza CA, Montori VM, McConnell JP, Somers VK, Kullo IJ, Lopez-Jimenez F (2007) Association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc 82:159–165CrossRef Garza CA, Montori VM, McConnell JP, Somers VK, Kullo IJ, Lopez-Jimenez F (2007) Association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc 82:159–165CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Gerber Y, McConnell JP, Jaffe AS, Weston SA, Killian JM, Roger VL (2006) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and prognosis after myocardial infarction in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:2517–2522CrossRef Gerber Y, McConnell JP, Jaffe AS, Weston SA, Killian JM, Roger VL (2006) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and prognosis after myocardial infarction in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:2517–2522CrossRef
12.
go back to reference He K, Daviglus ML (2005) A few more thoughts about fish and fish oil. J Am Diet Assoc 105:350–351CrossRef He K, Daviglus ML (2005) A few more thoughts about fish and fish oil. J Am Diet Assoc 105:350–351CrossRef
13.
go back to reference He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, van Horn L, Dyer AR, Goldbourt U, Greenland P (2004) Fish consumption and incidence of stroke: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Stroke 35:1538–1542CrossRef He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, van Horn L, Dyer AR, Goldbourt U, Greenland P (2004) Fish consumption and incidence of stroke: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Stroke 35:1538–1542CrossRef
14.
go back to reference He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, van Horn L, Dyer AR, Greenland P (2004) Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 109:2705–2711CrossRef He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, van Horn L, Dyer AR, Greenland P (2004) Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 109:2705–2711CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Hoogeveen RC, Ballantyne CM (2005) PLAC test for identification of individuals at increased risk for coronary heart disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 5:9–14CrossRef Hoogeveen RC, Ballantyne CM (2005) PLAC test for identification of individuals at increased risk for coronary heart disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 5:9–14CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Lowel H, Trischler G, Meisinger C (2004) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 adds to risk prediction of incident coronary events by C-reactive protein in apparently healthy middle-aged men from the general population: results from the 14-year follow-up of a large cohort from southern Germany. Circulation 110:1903–1908CrossRef Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Lowel H, Trischler G, Meisinger C (2004) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 adds to risk prediction of incident coronary events by C-reactive protein in apparently healthy middle-aged men from the general population: results from the 14-year follow-up of a large cohort from southern Germany. Circulation 110:1903–1908CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Kolodgie FD, Burke AP, Skorija KS, Ladich E, Kutys R, Makuria AT, Virmani R (2006) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 protein expression in the natural progression of human coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:2523–2529CrossRef Kolodgie FD, Burke AP, Skorija KS, Ladich E, Kutys R, Makuria AT, Virmani R (2006) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 protein expression in the natural progression of human coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:2523–2529CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ (2002) Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106:2747–2757CrossRef Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ (2002) Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106:2747–2757CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Macphee CH, Nelson JJ (2005) An evolving story of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk prediction. Eur Heart J 26:107–109CrossRef Macphee CH, Nelson JJ (2005) An evolving story of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk prediction. Eur Heart J 26:107–109CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Madsen T, Christensen JH, Blom M, Schmidt EB (2003) The effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein: a dose-response study. Br J Nutr 89:517–522CrossRef Madsen T, Christensen JH, Blom M, Schmidt EB (2003) The effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein: a dose-response study. Br J Nutr 89:517–522CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Oei HH, van de Meer IM, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Stijnen T, Breteler MM, Witteman JC (2005) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity is associated with risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke: the Rotterdam study. Circulation 111:570–575 Oei HH, van de Meer IM, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Stijnen T, Breteler MM, Witteman JC (2005) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity is associated with risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke: the Rotterdam study. Circulation 111:570–575
22.
go back to reference Oldgren J, James SK, Siegbahn A, Wallentin L (2007) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 does not predict mortality or new ischaemic events in acute coronary syndrome patients. Eur Heart J 28:699–704CrossRef Oldgren J, James SK, Siegbahn A, Wallentin L (2007) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 does not predict mortality or new ischaemic events in acute coronary syndrome patients. Eur Heart J 28:699–704CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Packard CJ, O’Reilly DS, Caslake MJ, McMahon AD, Ford I, Cooney J, Macphee CH, Suckling KE, Krishna M, Wilkinson FE, Rumley A, Lowe GD (2000) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as an independent predictor of coronary heart disease: West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 343:1148–1155CrossRef Packard CJ, O’Reilly DS, Caslake MJ, McMahon AD, Ford I, Cooney J, Macphee CH, Suckling KE, Krishna M, Wilkinson FE, Rumley A, Lowe GD (2000) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as an independent predictor of coronary heart disease: West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 343:1148–1155CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Persson M, Hedblad B, Nelson JJ, Berglund G (2007) Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels add prognostic information to the metabolic syndrome on incidence of cardiovascular events among middle-aged nondiabetic subjects. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:1411–1416CrossRef Persson M, Hedblad B, Nelson JJ, Berglund G (2007) Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels add prognostic information to the metabolic syndrome on incidence of cardiovascular events among middle-aged nondiabetic subjects. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:1411–1416CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Persson M, Nilsson JA, Nelson JJ, Hedblad B, Berglund G (2007) The epidemiology of Lp-PLA(2): distribution and correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based cohort. Atherosclerosis 190:388–396CrossRef Persson M, Nilsson JA, Nelson JJ, Hedblad B, Berglund G (2007) The epidemiology of Lp-PLA(2): distribution and correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based cohort. Atherosclerosis 190:388–396CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Schmidt EB, Arnesen H, Christensen JH, Rasmussen LH, Kristensen SD, de Caterina R (2005) Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: Part II: clinical trials and recommendations. Thromb Res 115:257–262CrossRef Schmidt EB, Arnesen H, Christensen JH, Rasmussen LH, Kristensen SD, de Caterina R (2005) Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: Part II: clinical trials and recommendations. Thromb Res 115:257–262CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Schmidt EB, Arnesen H, de Caterina R, Rasmussen LH, Kristensen SD (2005) Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: part I: background, epidemiology, animal data, effects on risk factors and safety. Thromb Res 115:163–170 Schmidt EB, Arnesen H, de Caterina R, Rasmussen LH, Kristensen SD (2005) Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: part I: background, epidemiology, animal data, effects on risk factors and safety. Thromb Res 115:163–170
28.
go back to reference Schmidt EB, Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Christensen JH (2008) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 concentrations in plasma are associated with the extent of coronary artery disease and correlate to adipose tissue levels of marine n-3 fatty acids. Atherosclerosis 196:420–424CrossRef Schmidt EB, Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Christensen JH (2008) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 concentrations in plasma are associated with the extent of coronary artery disease and correlate to adipose tissue levels of marine n-3 fatty acids. Atherosclerosis 196:420–424CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Schmidt EB, Pedersen JO, Varming K, Ernst E, Jersild C, Grunnet N, Dyerberg J (1991) n-3 fatty acids and leukocyte chemotaxis: effects in hyperlipidemia and dose-response studies in healthy men. Arterioscler Thromb 11:429–435 Schmidt EB, Pedersen JO, Varming K, Ernst E, Jersild C, Grunnet N, Dyerberg J (1991) n-3 fatty acids and leukocyte chemotaxis: effects in hyperlipidemia and dose-response studies in healthy men. Arterioscler Thromb 11:429–435
30.
go back to reference Serruys PW, Garcia-Garcia HM, Buszman P, Erne P, Verheye S, Aschermann M, Duckers H, Bleie O, Dudek D, Botker HE, von BC, D’Amico D, Hutchinson T, Zambanini A, Mastik F, van Es GA, van der Steen AF, Vince DG, Ganz P, Hamm CW, Wijns W, Zalewski A (2008) Effects of the direct lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 inhibitor darapladib on human coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Circulation 118: 1172–1182 Serruys PW, Garcia-Garcia HM, Buszman P, Erne P, Verheye S, Aschermann M, Duckers H, Bleie O, Dudek D, Botker HE, von BC, D’Amico D, Hutchinson T, Zambanini A, Mastik F, van Es GA, van der Steen AF, Vince DG, Ganz P, Hamm CW, Wijns W, Zalewski A (2008) Effects of the direct lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 inhibitor darapladib on human coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Circulation 118: 1172–1182
31.
go back to reference Shi Y, Zhang P, Zhang L, Osman H, Mohler ERIII, Macphee C, Zalewski A, Postle A, Wilensky RL (2007) Role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in leukocyte activation and inflammatory responses. Atherosclerosis 191:54–62CrossRef Shi Y, Zhang P, Zhang L, Osman H, Mohler ERIII, Macphee C, Zalewski A, Postle A, Wilensky RL (2007) Role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in leukocyte activation and inflammatory responses. Atherosclerosis 191:54–62CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Thies F, Garry JM, Yaqoob P, Rerkasem K, Williams J, Shearman CP, Gallagher PJ, Calder PC, Grimble RF (2003) Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 361:477–485CrossRef Thies F, Garry JM, Yaqoob P, Rerkasem K, Williams J, Shearman CP, Gallagher PJ, Calder PC, Grimble RF (2003) Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 361:477–485CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Weintraub HS (2008) Identifying the vulnerable patient with rupture-prone plaque. Am J Cardiol 101:3F–10FCrossRef Weintraub HS (2008) Identifying the vulnerable patient with rupture-prone plaque. Am J Cardiol 101:3F–10FCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The effect of marine n-3 fatty acids in different doses on plasma concentrations of Lp-PLA2 in healthy adults
Authors
Maria Weinkouff Pedersen
Prof. Wolfgang Koenig
Prof. Jeppe Hagstrup Christensen
Prof. Erik Berg Schmidt
Publication date
01-02-2009
Publisher
D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2009
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-008-0758-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2009

European Journal of Nutrition 1/2009 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.