Skip to main content
Top
Published in: International Journal of Colorectal Disease 9/2009

01-09-2009 | Original Article

Lymphatic vessel invasion detected by monoclonal antibody D2-40 as a predictor of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer

Authors: M. Ishii, M. Ota, S. Saito, Y. Kinugasa, S. Akamoto, I. Ito

Published in: International Journal of Colorectal Disease | Issue 9/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

Objective

When selecting patients who are at high risk for lymph node metastasis, the detection of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) is important. We investigated LVI detected by D2-40 staining as a predictor of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer.

Materials and methods

Clinicopathological factors including LVI were investigated in 136 patients who underwent colectomy with lymph node dissection for T1 colorectal cancer. We used immunostaining with monoclonal antibody D2-40 to detect LVI.

Results

Lymph node metastases were found in 18 patients (13.2%), and LVI were detected in 45 (33%); lymph node metastasis was more frequently observed in LVI-positive groups (13/45 vs 5/91, p < 0.001). Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that LVI detected by D2-40 and a poorly differentiated histology at the invasion front were independent risk factors of lymph node metastasis.

Conclusion

LVI detected by D2-40 is important for the prediction of lymph node metastasis.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Hurlstone DP, Cross SS, Drew K, Adam I, Shorthouse AJ, Brown S, Sanders DS, Lobo AJ (2004) An evaluation of colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection using high-magnification chromoscopic colonoscopy: a prospective study of 1,000 colonoscopies. Endoscopy 36:491–498PubMedCrossRef Hurlstone DP, Cross SS, Drew K, Adam I, Shorthouse AJ, Brown S, Sanders DS, Lobo AJ (2004) An evaluation of colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection using high-magnification chromoscopic colonoscopy: a prospective study of 1,000 colonoscopies. Endoscopy 36:491–498PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Hurlstone DP, Atkinson R, Sanders DS, Thomson M, Cross SS, Brown S (2007) Achieving R0 resection in the colorectum using endoscopic submucosal dissection. Br J Surg 94:1536–1542PubMedCrossRef Hurlstone DP, Atkinson R, Sanders DS, Thomson M, Cross SS, Brown S (2007) Achieving R0 resection in the colorectum using endoscopic submucosal dissection. Br J Surg 94:1536–1542PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Bories E, Pesenti C, Monges G, Lelong B, Moutardier V, Delpero JR, Giovannini M (2006) Endoscopic mucosal resection for advanced sessile adenoma and early-stage colorectal carcinoma. Endoscopy 2006(38):231–235CrossRef Bories E, Pesenti C, Monges G, Lelong B, Moutardier V, Delpero JR, Giovannini M (2006) Endoscopic mucosal resection for advanced sessile adenoma and early-stage colorectal carcinoma. Endoscopy 2006(38):231–235CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Wilcox GM, Anderson PB, Colacchio TA (1986) Early invasive carcinoma in colonic polyps: a review of the literature with emphasis on the assessment of the risk of metastasis. Cancer 57:160–171PubMedCrossRef Wilcox GM, Anderson PB, Colacchio TA (1986) Early invasive carcinoma in colonic polyps: a review of the literature with emphasis on the assessment of the risk of metastasis. Cancer 57:160–171PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Tanaka S, Haruma K, Teixeira CR, Tatsuta S, Ohtsu N, Hiraga Y, Yoshihara M, Sumii K, Kajiyama G, Shimamoto F (1995) Endoscopic treatment of submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma with special reference to risk factors for lymph node metastasis. J Gastroenterol 91:419–427 Tanaka S, Haruma K, Teixeira CR, Tatsuta S, Ohtsu N, Hiraga Y, Yoshihara M, Sumii K, Kajiyama G, Shimamoto F (1995) Endoscopic treatment of submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma with special reference to risk factors for lymph node metastasis. J Gastroenterol 91:419–427
6.
go back to reference Okabe S, Shia J, Nash G, Wong WD, Guillem JG, Weiser MR, Temple L, Sugihara K, Paty PB (2004) Lymph node metastasis in T1 adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum. J Gastrointest Surg 8:1032–1039PubMedCrossRef Okabe S, Shia J, Nash G, Wong WD, Guillem JG, Weiser MR, Temple L, Sugihara K, Paty PB (2004) Lymph node metastasis in T1 adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum. J Gastrointest Surg 8:1032–1039PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Nivatvongs S, Roianasakul A, Reiman HM, Dozois RR, Wolff BG, Pemberton JH, Beartt RW, Jacques LF (1991) The risk of lymph node metastasis in colorectal polyps with invasive adenocarcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 34:323–328PubMedCrossRef Nivatvongs S, Roianasakul A, Reiman HM, Dozois RR, Wolff BG, Pemberton JH, Beartt RW, Jacques LF (1991) The risk of lymph node metastasis in colorectal polyps with invasive adenocarcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 34:323–328PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Wang HS, Liang WY, Lin TC, Chen WS, Jiang JK, Yang SH, Chang SC, Lin JK (2005) Curative resection of T1 colorectal carcinoma: risk of lymph node metastasis and long-term prognosis. Dis Colon Rectum 48:1182–1192PubMedCrossRef Wang HS, Liang WY, Lin TC, Chen WS, Jiang JK, Yang SH, Chang SC, Lin JK (2005) Curative resection of T1 colorectal carcinoma: risk of lymph node metastasis and long-term prognosis. Dis Colon Rectum 48:1182–1192PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Ishikawa Y, Akishima-Fukasawa Y, Ito K, Akasaka Y, Yokoo T, Ishii T (2008) Histopathologic determinants of regional lymph node metastasis in early colorectal cancer. Cancer 112:924–933PubMedCrossRef Ishikawa Y, Akishima-Fukasawa Y, Ito K, Akasaka Y, Yokoo T, Ishii T (2008) Histopathologic determinants of regional lymph node metastasis in early colorectal cancer. Cancer 112:924–933PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Sakuragi M, Togashi K, Konishi F, Koinuma K, Kawamura Y, Okada M, Nagai H (2003) Predictive factors for lymph node metastasis in T1 stage colorectal carcinomas. Dis Colon Rectum 46:1626–1632PubMedCrossRef Sakuragi M, Togashi K, Konishi F, Koinuma K, Kawamura Y, Okada M, Nagai H (2003) Predictive factors for lymph node metastasis in T1 stage colorectal carcinomas. Dis Colon Rectum 46:1626–1632PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Nascimbeni R, Burgart LJ, Nivatvongs S, Larson DR (2002) Risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 45:200–206PubMedCrossRef Nascimbeni R, Burgart LJ, Nivatvongs S, Larson DR (2002) Risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 45:200–206PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Kitajima K, Fujimori T, Fujii S, Takeda J, Ohkura Y, Kawamata H, Kumamoto T, Ishiguro S, Kato Y, Shimoda T, Iwashita A, Ajioka Y, Watanabe H, Watanabe T, Muto T, Nagasako K (2004) Correlations between lymph node metastasis and depth of submucosal invasion in submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma: a Japanese collaborative study. J Gastroenterol 39:534–543PubMedCrossRef Kitajima K, Fujimori T, Fujii S, Takeda J, Ohkura Y, Kawamata H, Kumamoto T, Ishiguro S, Kato Y, Shimoda T, Iwashita A, Ajioka Y, Watanabe H, Watanabe T, Muto T, Nagasako K (2004) Correlations between lymph node metastasis and depth of submucosal invasion in submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma: a Japanese collaborative study. J Gastroenterol 39:534–543PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Tominaga K, Nakanishi Y, Nimura S, Yoshimura K, Sakai Y, Shimoda T (2005) Predictive histopathologic factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with nonpedunculated submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 48:92–100PubMedCrossRef Tominaga K, Nakanishi Y, Nimura S, Yoshimura K, Sakai Y, Shimoda T (2005) Predictive histopathologic factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with nonpedunculated submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 48:92–100PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Compton C, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Pettigrew N, Fielding LP (2000) American joint committee on cancer prognostic factors consensus conference: colorectal working group. Cancer 88:1739–1757PubMedCrossRef Compton C, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Pettigrew N, Fielding LP (2000) American joint committee on cancer prognostic factors consensus conference: colorectal working group. Cancer 88:1739–1757PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Kahn HJ, Marks A (2002) A new monoclonal antibody, D2–40, for detection of lymphatic invasion in primary tumors. Lab Invest 82:1255–1257PubMed Kahn HJ, Marks A (2002) A new monoclonal antibody, D2–40, for detection of lymphatic invasion in primary tumors. Lab Invest 82:1255–1257PubMed
16.
go back to reference Fogt F, Zimmerman RL, Ross HM, Daly T, Gausas RE (2004) Identification of lymphatic vessels in malignant, adenomatous and normal colonic mucosa using the novel immunostain D2-40. Oncol Rep 11:47–50PubMed Fogt F, Zimmerman RL, Ross HM, Daly T, Gausas RE (2004) Identification of lymphatic vessels in malignant, adenomatous and normal colonic mucosa using the novel immunostain D2-40. Oncol Rep 11:47–50PubMed
17.
go back to reference Haggitt RC, Glotzbach RE, Soffer EE, Wruble LD (1985) Prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas arising in adenomas: implications for lesions removed by endoscopic polypectomy. Gastroenterology 89:328–336PubMed Haggitt RC, Glotzbach RE, Soffer EE, Wruble LD (1985) Prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas arising in adenomas: implications for lesions removed by endoscopic polypectomy. Gastroenterology 89:328–336PubMed
18.
go back to reference Kudo S (1993) Endoscopic mucosal resection of flat and depressed types of early colorectal cancer. Endoscopy 25:455–461PubMedCrossRef Kudo S (1993) Endoscopic mucosal resection of flat and depressed types of early colorectal cancer. Endoscopy 25:455–461PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Saad RS, Kordunsky L, Liu YL, Denning KL, Kandil HA, Silverman JF (2006) Lymphatic microvessel density as prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Mod Pathol 19:1317–1323PubMedCrossRef Saad RS, Kordunsky L, Liu YL, Denning KL, Kandil HA, Silverman JF (2006) Lymphatic microvessel density as prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Mod Pathol 19:1317–1323PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Kazama S, Watanabe T, Ajioka Y, Kanazawa T, Nagawa H (2006) Tumour budding at the deepest invasive margin correlates with lymph node metastasis in submucosal colorectal cancer detected by anticytokeratin antibody CAM5.2. Br J Cancer 94:293–298PubMedCrossRef Kazama S, Watanabe T, Ajioka Y, Kanazawa T, Nagawa H (2006) Tumour budding at the deepest invasive margin correlates with lymph node metastasis in submucosal colorectal cancer detected by anticytokeratin antibody CAM5.2. Br J Cancer 94:293–298PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Ueno H, Mochizuki H, Hashiguchi Y, Shimazaki H, Aida S, Hase K, Matsukuma S, Kanai T, Kurihara H, Ozawa K, Yoshimura K, Bekku S (2004) Risk factors for an adverse outcome in early invasive colorectal carcinoma. Gastroenterology 127:385–394PubMedCrossRef Ueno H, Mochizuki H, Hashiguchi Y, Shimazaki H, Aida S, Hase K, Matsukuma S, Kanai T, Kurihara H, Ozawa K, Yoshimura K, Bekku S (2004) Risk factors for an adverse outcome in early invasive colorectal carcinoma. Gastroenterology 127:385–394PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Ueno H, Murphy J, Jass JR, Mochizuki H, Talbot IC (2002) Tumour ‘budding’ as an index to estimate the potential of aggressiveness in rectal cancer. Histopathology 40:127–132PubMedCrossRef Ueno H, Murphy J, Jass JR, Mochizuki H, Talbot IC (2002) Tumour ‘budding’ as an index to estimate the potential of aggressiveness in rectal cancer. Histopathology 40:127–132PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Morodomi T, Isomoto H, Shirouzu K, Kakegawa K, Irie K, Morimatsu M (1989) An index for estimating the probability of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancers: lymph node metastasis and the histopathology of actively invasive regions of cancer. Cancer 63:539–543PubMedCrossRef Morodomi T, Isomoto H, Shirouzu K, Kakegawa K, Irie K, Morimatsu M (1989) An index for estimating the probability of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancers: lymph node metastasis and the histopathology of actively invasive regions of cancer. Cancer 63:539–543PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Okuyama T, Oya M, Ishikawa H (2002) Budding as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in pT1 or pT2 well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 45:628–634PubMedCrossRef Okuyama T, Oya M, Ishikawa H (2002) Budding as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in pT1 or pT2 well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 45:628–634PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Okuyama T, Oya M, Ishikawa H (2003) Budding as a useful prognostic marker in pT3 well- or moderately-differentiated rectal adenocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 83:42–47PubMedCrossRef Okuyama T, Oya M, Ishikawa H (2003) Budding as a useful prognostic marker in pT3 well- or moderately-differentiated rectal adenocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 83:42–47PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Walgenbach-Bruenagel G, Tolba RH, Varnai AD, Bollmann M, Hirner A, Walgenbach KJ (2006) Detection of lymphatic invasion in early stage primary colorectal cancer with the monoclonal antibody D2-40. Eur Surg Res 38:438–444PubMedCrossRef Walgenbach-Bruenagel G, Tolba RH, Varnai AD, Bollmann M, Hirner A, Walgenbach KJ (2006) Detection of lymphatic invasion in early stage primary colorectal cancer with the monoclonal antibody D2-40. Eur Surg Res 38:438–444PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Yasuda K, Inomata M, Shirouzu A, Shiraishi N, Higashi H, Kitano S (2007) Risk factors for occult lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer invading the submucosa and indications for endoscopic mucosal resection. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1370–1376PubMedCrossRef Yasuda K, Inomata M, Shirouzu A, Shiraishi N, Higashi H, Kitano S (2007) Risk factors for occult lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer invading the submucosa and indications for endoscopic mucosal resection. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1370–1376PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Abdulkader M, Abdulla K, Rakha E, Kaye P (2006) Routine elastic staining assists detection of vascular invasion in colorectal cancer. Histopathology 49:487–492PubMedCrossRef Abdulkader M, Abdulla K, Rakha E, Kaye P (2006) Routine elastic staining assists detection of vascular invasion in colorectal cancer. Histopathology 49:487–492PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Lymphatic vessel invasion detected by monoclonal antibody D2-40 as a predictor of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer
Authors
M. Ishii
M. Ota
S. Saito
Y. Kinugasa
S. Akamoto
I. Ito
Publication date
01-09-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
International Journal of Colorectal Disease / Issue 9/2009
Print ISSN: 0179-1958
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1262
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-009-0699-x

Other articles of this Issue 9/2009

International Journal of Colorectal Disease 9/2009 Go to the issue