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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 8/2022

14-03-2022 | Insomnia | Magnetic Resonance

MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces: imaging marker to predict cognitive impairment in older chronic insomnia patients

Authors: Xin-Xin Wang, Qin-Chen Cao, Jun-Fang Teng, Rui-Fang Wang, Zi-Tao Yang, Meng-Ge Wang, Zheng-Hao Cao

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 8/2022

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Abstract

Objective

Perivascular spaces (PVS), components of the glymphatic system in the brain, have been known to be important conduits for clearing metabolic waste, and this process mainly increases during sleep. Sleep disruption might result in PVS dysfunction and cognitive impairment. In this study, we aim to explore whether MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) could be imaging markers to predict cognitive impairment in chronic insomnia patients.

Method

We obtained data from 156 patients with chronic insomnia and 79 age-matched healthy individuals. Using T2-weighted MRI images, visible EPVS in various brain regions were measured and analyzed. The associations between EPVS numbers and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) level in chronic insomnia patients were evaluated.

Result

Our results showed that MRI-visible EPVS in the frontal cortex, centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, and hippocampus of chronic insomnia patients with impaired cognition (ICG) significantly increased than that in normal cognition (NCG) patients. The increased MRI-visible EPVS in the frontal cortex, centrum semiovale, and basal ganglia were also associated with the increased CSF Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau level in ICG patients. MRI-visible EPVS in the basal ganglia and centrum semiovale had high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing ICG chronic insomnia patients from those with NCG.

Conclusion

Our study indicated that MRI-visible EPVS in the basal ganglia and centrum semiovale might be valuable imaging markers to predict cognitive impairment in chronic insomnia patients. It will be meaningful to discern those cognitive decline patients in preclinical stage and take some measures to prevent disease progression.

Key Points

• Increased MRI-visible EPVS were associated with the increased CSF Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau level in older chronic insomnia patients with impaired cognition.
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Metadata
Title
MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces: imaging marker to predict cognitive impairment in older chronic insomnia patients
Authors
Xin-Xin Wang
Qin-Chen Cao
Jun-Fang Teng
Rui-Fang Wang
Zi-Tao Yang
Meng-Ge Wang
Zheng-Hao Cao
Publication date
14-03-2022
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 8/2022
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-022-08649-y

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