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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 5/2019

Open Access 01-05-2019 | Magnetic Resonance

Magnetic resonance imaging of the time course of hyperpolarized 129Xe gas exchange in the human lungs and heart

Authors: Ozkan Doganay, Mitchell Chen, Tahreema Matin, Marzia Rigolli, Julie-Ann Phillips, Anthony McIntyre, Fergus V. Gleeson

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

To perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), human lung imaging, and quantification of the gas-transfer dynamics of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HPX) from the alveoli into the blood plasma.

Materials and methods

HPX MRI with iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-square estimation (IDEAL) approach were used with multi-interleaved spiral k-space sampling to obtain HPX gas and dissolved phase images. IDEAL time-series images were then obtained from ten subjects including six normal subjects and four patients with pulmonary emphysema to test the feasibility of the proposed technique for capturing xenon-129 gas-transfer dynamics (XGTD). The dynamics of xenon gas diffusion over the entire lung was also investigated by measuring the signal intensity variations between three regions of interest, including the left and right lungs and the heart using Welch’s t test.

Results

The technique enabled the acquisition of HPX gas and dissolved phase compartment images in a single breath-hold interval of 8 s. The y-intersect of the XGTD curves were also found to be statistically lower in the patients with lung emphysema than in the healthy group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

This time-series IDEAL technique enables the visualization and quantification of inhaled xenon from the alveoli to the left ventricle with a clinical gradient strength magnet during a single breath-hold, in healthy and diseased lungs.

Key Points

• The proposed hyperpolarized xenon-129 gas and dissolved magnetic resonance imaging technique can provide regional and temporal measurements of xenon-129 gas-transfer dynamics.
• Quantitative measurement of xenon-129 gas-transfer dynamics from the alveolar to the heart was demonstrated in normal subjects and pulmonary emphysema.
• Comparison of gas-transfer dynamics in normal subjects and pulmonary emphysema showed that the proposed technique appears sensitive to changes affecting the alveoli, pulmonary interstitium, and capillaries.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Magnetic resonance imaging of the time course of hyperpolarized 129Xe gas exchange in the human lungs and heart
Authors
Ozkan Doganay
Mitchell Chen
Tahreema Matin
Marzia Rigolli
Julie-Ann Phillips
Anthony McIntyre
Fergus V. Gleeson
Publication date
01-05-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5853-9

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