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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 5/2019

01-05-2019 | Urogenital

Evaluation of a free-breathing respiratory-triggered (Navigator) 3-D T1-weighted (T1W) gradient recalled echo sequence (LAVA) for detection of enhancement in cystic and solid renal masses

Authors: Wendy Tu, Abdulrahman Alzahrani, Stephen Currin, Cindy Walsh, Sabarish Narayanasamy, Matthew D. F. McInnes, Nicola Schieda

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate free-breathing Navigator-triggered 3-D T1-weighted MRI (NAV-LAVA) compared to breath-hold (BH)-LAVA among cystic and solid renal masses.

Materials and methods

With an IRB waiver, 44 patients with 105 renal masses (71 non-enhancing cysts and 14 cystic and 20 solid renal masses) underwent MRI between 2016 and 2017 where BH-LAVA and NAV-LAVA were performed. Subtraction images were generated for BH-LAVA and NAV-LAVA using pre- and 3-min post-gadolinium-enhanced images and were evaluated by two blinded radiologists for overall image quality, image sharpness, motion artifact, and quality of subtraction (using 5-point Likert scales) and presence/absence of enhancement. Percentage signal intensity change (Δ%SI) = ([SI.post-gadolinium-SI.pre-gadolinium]/SI.pre-gadolinium)*100, was measured on BH-LAVA and NAV-LAVA. Likert scores were compared using Wilcoxon’s sign-rank test and accuracy for detection of enhancement compared using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results

Overall image quality (p = 0.002–0.141), image sharpness (p = 0.002–0.031), and motion artifact were better (p = 0.002) comparing BH-LAVA to NAV-LAVA for both radiologists; however, quality of image subtraction did not differ between groups (p = 0.09–0.14). Sensitivity/specificity/area under ROC curve for enhancement in cystic and solid renal masses using subtraction and %SIΔ were (1) BH-LAVA: 64.7%/98.6%/0.82 (radiologist 1), 61.8%/95.8%/0.79 (radiologist 2), and 70.6%/81.7%/0.76 (%SIΔ) versus 2) NAV-LAVA: 58.8%/95.8%/0.79 (radiologist 1, p = 0.16), 58.8%/88.7%/0.73 (radiologist 2, p = 0.37), and 73.5%/76.1%/0.75 (%SIΔ, p = 0.74).

Conclusions

NAV-LAVA showed similar quality of subtraction and ability to detect enhancement compared to BH-LAVA in renal masses albeit with lower image quality, image sharpness, and increased motion artifact. NAV-LAVA may be considered in renal MRI for patients where BH is suboptimal.

Key Points

• Free-breathing Navigator (NAV) 3-D subtraction MRI is comparable to breath-hold (BH) images.
• Accuracy for subjective and quantitative diagnosis of enhancement in renal masses on NAV 3-D T1W is comparable to BH MRI.
• NAV 3-D T1W renal MRI is useful in patients who may not be able to adequately BH.
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Metadata
Title
Evaluation of a free-breathing respiratory-triggered (Navigator) 3-D T1-weighted (T1W) gradient recalled echo sequence (LAVA) for detection of enhancement in cystic and solid renal masses
Authors
Wendy Tu
Abdulrahman Alzahrani
Stephen Currin
Cindy Walsh
Sabarish Narayanasamy
Matthew D. F. McInnes
Nicola Schieda
Publication date
01-05-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5839-7

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