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Published in: European Radiology 3/2019

01-03-2019 | Oncology

68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in comparison with 18F-fluoride-PET/CT and whole-body MRI for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study

Authors: Eva Dyrberg, Helle W. Hendel, Tri Hien Viet Huynh, Tobias Wirenfeldt Klausen, Vibeke B. Løgager, Claus Madsen, Erik M. Pedersen, Maria Pedersen, Henrik S. Thomsen

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 3/2019

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Abstract

Objectives

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of 68gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in comparison with 18F-fluoride-based PET/CT (NaF-PET/CT) and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods

Sixty patients with prostate cancer were included in the period May 2016 to June 2017. The participants underwent three scans (index tests) within 30 days: a NaF-PET/CT, a WB-MRI and a PSMA-PET/CT. Experienced specialists assessed the scans. In the absence of a histological reference standard, the final diagnosis was determined as a panel diagnosis. Measures of the diagnostic performances of the index tests were calculated from patient-based dichotomous outcomes (0 or ≥ 1 bone metastasis) and pairwise compared (McNemar test). For each index test, the agreement with the final diagnosis with regard to the number of bone metastases detected (0, 1–5, > 5) and the inter-reader agreement was calculated (kappa coefficients).

Results

Fifty-five patients constituted the final study population; 20 patients (36%) were classified as having bone metastatic disease as their final diagnosis. The patient-based diagnostic performances were (sensitivity, specificity, overall accuracy) PSMA-PET/CT (100%, 100%, 100%), NaF-PET/CT (95%, 97%, 96%) and WB-MRI (80%, 83%, 82%). The overall accuracy of PSMA-PET/CT was significantly more favourable compared to WB-MRI (p = 0.004), but not to NaF-PET/CT (p = 0.48). PSMA-PET/CT classified the number of bone metastases reliably compared to the final diagnosis (kappa coefficient 0.97) and with an “almost perfect” inter-reader agreement (kappa coefficient 0.93).

Conclusions

The overall accuracy of PSMA-PET/CT was significantly more advantageous compared to WB-MRI, but not to NaF-PET/CT.

Key Points

• PSMA-PET/CT assessed the presence of bone metastases correctly in all 55 patients
• PSMA-PET/CT was more advantageous compared to WB-MRI
• No difference was found between PSMA-PET/CT and NaF-PET/CT
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in comparison with 18F-fluoride-PET/CT and whole-body MRI for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study
Authors
Eva Dyrberg
Helle W. Hendel
Tri Hien Viet Huynh
Tobias Wirenfeldt Klausen
Vibeke B. Løgager
Claus Madsen
Erik M. Pedersen
Maria Pedersen
Henrik S. Thomsen
Publication date
01-03-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5682-x

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