Top

Published in:

01-06-2012 | Original Article

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the mRNA expression of CAII and RANK in ovariectomized rats

Authors: Jian Chen, Li-Qun Huang, Qing-Jie Xia, Cheng-Qi He

Published in: Rheumatology International | Issue 6/2012

Abstract

The present study was designed to determine the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on the mRNA expression of the carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) and receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) in ovariectomized rats. A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups [Sham, OVX, PEMFs, and E₂ (premarin)], 12 rats in each group. Rats in the Sham group received sham ovariectomy, while rats in OVX, PEMFs, and E₂ groups received ovariectomy. Twelve weeks following the surgery, rats (whole body) in the PEMFs group were exposed to PEMFs for 30 days with 3.8 mT, 8 Hz, and 40 min per day; rats in the E₂ group were administered premarin (0.0625 mg/kg/d; intragastric administration 1–2 ml/100 g). Rats in the Sham and OVX groups housed in the same conditions. At the end of intervention, the level of serum estradiol of rats was measured. The gene expression of CAII and RANK in the left ilium of rats was determined with real-time fluorescent-nested quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Compared with the Sham group, the level of serum estradiol in the ovariectomized group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); compared with the OVX group, CAIImRNA expression was significantly decreased in the PEMFs group and E group (P < 0.05, 0.01, respectively). Compared with the E group, RANKmRNA expression was significantly higher in the PEMFs group (P < 0.05); although RANKmRNA expression decreased in PEMFs group, no statistically significant difference was found between PEMF group and OVX group (P = 0.82). These data suggest that PEMFs could regulate the expression of CAIImRNA in ovariectomized rats.

Boyce BF, Hughes DE, Wright KR et al (1999) Recent advances in bone biology provide insight into the pathogenesis of bone diseases. Lab Invest 79:83–94PubMed

Suda T, Takahashi N, Udagawa N et al (1999) Modulation of osteoclast differentiation and function by the new members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor and ligand families. Endocr Rev 20:345–357. doi:10.1210/er.20.3.345 PubMedCrossRef

Walsh MC, Kim N, Kadono Y, Rho J et al (2006) Osteoimmunology: interplay between the immune system and bone metabolism. Annu Rev Immunol 24:33–63. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090646 PubMedCrossRef

Lee ZH, Kim HH (2003) Signal transduction by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B in osteoclasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 305:211–214. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00695-8 PubMedCrossRef

Anderson DM, Maraskovsky E, Billingsley WL et al (1997) A homologue of the TNF receptor and its ligand enhance T-cell growth and dendritic-cell function. Nature 390:175–179. doi:10.1038/36593 PubMedCrossRef

Takayanagi H, Kim S, Koga T et al (2002) Induction and activation of the transcription factor NFATc1 (NFAT2) integrate RANKL signaling in terminal differentiation of osteoclasts. Dev Cell 3:889–901. doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(02)00369-6 PubMedCrossRef

Wong BR, Besser D, Kim N et al (1999) TRANCE, a TNF family member, activates Akt/PKB through a signaling complex involving TRAF6 and c-Src. Mol Cell 4:1041–1049. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80232-4 PubMedCrossRef

Mattsson JP, Skyman C, Palokangas H et al (1997) Characterization and cellular distribution of the osteoclast ruffled membrane vacuolar H + -ATPase B-subunit using isoform-specific antibodies. J Bone Miner Res 12:753–760. doi:10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.5.753 PubMedCrossRef

Huang WH, Lau AT, Daniels LL et al (1998) Detection of estrogen receptor alpha, carbonic anhydrase II and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase mRNAs in putative mononuclear osteoclast precursor cells of neonatal rats by fluorescence in situ hybridization. J Mol Endocrinol 20:211–219. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0200211 PubMedCrossRef

10.

Salo J, Lehenkari P, Mulari M et al (1997) Removal of osteoclast bone resorption products by transcytosis. Science 276:270–273. doi:10.1126/science.276.5310.270 PubMedCrossRef

11.

Zelzer E, Olsen BR (2003) The genetic basis for skeletal diseases. Nature 423:343–348. doi:10.1038/nature01659 PubMedCrossRef

12.

Mostov K, Werb Z (1997) Journey across the osteoclast. Science 276:219–220. doi:10.1126/science.276.5310.219 PubMedCrossRef

13.

Inoue N, Ohnishi I, Chen D et al (2002) Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on late-phase osteotomy gap healing in a canine tibial model. J Orthop Res 20:1106–1114. doi:10.1016/S0736-0266(02)00031-1 PubMedCrossRef

14.

Funk RH, Monsees TK (2006) Effects of electromagnetic fields on cells: physiological and therapeutical approaches and molecular mechanisms of interaction. A review. Cells Tissues Organs 182:59–78. doi:10.1159/000093061 PubMedCrossRef

15.

Repacholi MH, Greenebaum B (1999) Interaction of static and extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields with living systems: health effects and research needs. Bioelectromagnetics 20:133–160. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1999)20:3<133:AID-BEM1>3.0.CO;2-O PubMedCrossRef

16.

Panagopoulos DJ, Karabarbounis A, Margaritis LH (2002) Mechanism for action of electromagnetic fields on cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 298:95–102. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02393-8 PubMedCrossRef

17.

Chang K, Chang WH, Tsai MT et al (2006) Pulsed electromagnetic fields accelerate apoptotic rate in osteoclasts. Connect Tissue Res 47:222–228. doi:10.1080/03008200600858783 PubMedCrossRef

18.

Zhuang H, Wang W, Seldes RM et al (1997) Electrical stimulation induces the level of TGF-beta1 mRNA in osteoblastic cells by a mechanism involving calcium/calmodulin pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 237:225–229. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7118 PubMedCrossRef

19.

Blank M, Goodman R (2004) Initial interactions in electromagnetic field-induced biosynthesis. J Cell Physiol 199:359–363. doi:10.1002/jcp.20004 PubMedCrossRef

20.

Brighton CT, Wang W, Seldes R et al (2001) Signal transduction in electrically stimulated bone cells. J Bone Joint Surg Am 83-A:1514–1523PubMed

21.

Khatib L, Golan DE, Cho M (2004) Physiologic electrical stimulation provokes intracellular calcium increase mediated by phospholipase C activation in human osteoblasts. Faseb J 18:1903–1905. doi:10.1096/fj.04-1814fje PubMed

22.

Chang K, Chang WH, Huang S, Huang S et al (2005) Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation affects osteoclast formation by modulation of osteoprotegerin, RANK ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J Orthop Res 23:1308–1314. doi:10.1016/j.orthres.2005.03.012.1100230611 PubMed

23.

Chen J, Hong-Cheng He, Xia Q-J et al (2010) Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the mRNA expression of RANK and CAII in ovariectomized rat osteoclast-like cell. Connect Tissue Res 51:1–7. doi:10.3109/03008200902855917 PubMedCrossRef

24.

Hoegh-Andersen P, Tanko LB, Andersen TL et al (2004) Ovariectomized rats as a model of postmenopausal osteoarthritis: validation and application. Arthritis Res Ther 6:R169–R180. doi:10.1186/ar1152 PubMedCrossRef

25.

Aung HT, Schroder K, Himes SR et al (2006) LPS regulates proinflammatory gene expression in macrophages by altering histone deacetylase expression. Faseb J 20:1315–1327PubMedCrossRef

26.

Skerry TM, Pead MJ, Lanyon LE (1991) Modulation of bone loss during disuse by pulsed electromagnetic fields. J Orthop Res 9:600–608. doi:10.1002/jor.1100090417 PubMedCrossRef

27.

Simske SJ, WachtelH LuttgesMW (1991) Effect of localized pulsed electromagnetic fields on tail-suspension osteopenia in growing mice. Bioelectromagnetics 12:101–116. doi:10.1002/bem.2250120205 PubMedCrossRef

28.

Zati A, Gnudi S, Mongiorgi R et al (1993) Effects of pulsed magnetic fields in the therapy of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy in the rat. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 69:469–475PubMed

29.

Sert C, Mustafa D, Düz MZ et al (2002) The preventive effect on bone loss of 50 Hz, 1 mT electromagnetic field in ovariectomized rats. J Bone Miner Metab 20:345–349. doi:10.1007/s007740200050 PubMedCrossRef

30.

Chang K, Chang WH (2003) Pulsed electromagnetic fields prevent osteoporosis in an ovariectomized female rat model: a prostaglandin E2-associated process. Bioelectromagnetics 24:189–198. doi:10.1002/bem.10078 PubMedCrossRef

31.

Luben RA, Cain CD, Chen MC et al (1982) Effects of electromagnetic stimuli on bone and bone cells in vitro: inhibition of responses to parathyroid hormone by low-energy low-frequency fields. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:4180–4184PubMedCrossRef

32.

McLeod KJ, Donahue HJ, Levin PE et al (1993) Electric fields modulate bone cell function in a density-dependent manner. J Bone Miner Res 8:977–984. doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650080811 PubMedCrossRef

33.

Chang K, Hong-Shong Chang W, Yu YH et al (2004) Pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation of bone marrow cells derived from ovariectomized rats affects osteoclast formation and local factor production. Bioelectromagnetics 25:134–141. doi:10.1002/bem.10168 PubMedCrossRef

34.

Binderman I, Somjen D, Shimshoni Z et al (1985) Stimulation of skeletal-derived cell cultures by different electric field intensities is cell-specific. Biochim Biophys Acta 844:273–279. doi:10.1016/0167-4889(85)90127-2 PubMedCrossRef

35.

Huang L, Wang W, Xiao D et al (2008) Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields of different treatment time on bone mineral density of femur in ovariectomized rats. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 22:548–550. doi:CNKI:SUN:ZXCW.0.2008-05-018 PubMed

36.

Yang YH, He CQ, Yang L et al (2008) Effects of different intensity pulsed electromagnetic fields on serum estradiol of ovariectomized rats. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 39:256–258. doi:CNKI:SUN:HXYK.0.2008-02-025 PubMed

37.

Zhang Q, Liang X, Zhu B et al (2006) Effects of fluid shear stress on mRNA expression of carbonic anhydrase II in polarized rat osteoclasts. Cell Biol Int 30:714–720. doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2006.05.002 PubMedCrossRef

38.

Fujisaki K, Tanabe N, Suzuki N et al (2007) Receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand induces the expression of carbonic anhydrase II, cathepsin K, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in osteoclast precursor RAW264.7 cells. Life Sci 80:1311–1318. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.12.037 PubMedCrossRef

39.

Iotsova V, Caamano J, Loy J et al (1997) Osteopetrosis in mice lacking NF-kappaB1 and NF-kappaB2. Nat Med 3:1285–1289. doi:10.1038/nm1197-1285 PubMedCrossRef

40.

Rubin CT, McLeod KJ, Lanyon LE (1989) Prevention of osteoporosis by pulsed electromagnetic fields. J Bone Joint Surg Am 71:411–417PubMed

41.

Tabrah F, Hoffmeier M, Gilbert F Jr et al (1990) Bone density changes in osteoporosis-prone women exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs). J Bone Miner Res 5:437–442. doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650050504 PubMedCrossRef

42.

Falany ML, Thames AM 3rd, McDonald JM et al (2001) Osteoclasts secrete the chemotactic cytokine mim-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 281:180–185. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4307 PubMedCrossRef

43.

Ye H, Arron JR, Lamothe B (2002) Distinct molecular mechanism for initiating TRAF6 signalling. Nature 418:443–447. doi:10.1038/nature00888 PubMedCrossRef

44.

Rubin J, Rubin C, Jacobs CR (2006) Molecular pathways mediating mechanical signaling in bone. Gene 367:1–16. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2005.10.028 PubMedCrossRef

45.

Cossarizza A, Angioni S, Petraglia F (1993) Exposure to low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increases interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Exp Cell Res 204:385–387. doi:10.1006/excr.1993.1048 PubMedCrossRef

46.

Jonai H, Villanueva MB, Yasuda A (1996) Cytokine profile of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to 50 Hz EMF. Ind Health 34:359–368. doi:10.2486/indhealth.34.359 PubMedCrossRef

47.

Pessina GP, Aldinucci C (1998) Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance the induction of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells challenged with phytohemagglutinin. Bioelectromagnetics 19:445–451. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1998)19:8<445:AID-BEM1>3.0.CO;2-5 PubMedCrossRef

Title: Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the mRNA expression of CAII and RANK in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Jian Chen
Li-Qun Huang
Qing-Jie Xia
Cheng-Qi He
Publication date: 01-06-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Rheumatology International / Issue 6/2012
Print ISSN: 0172-8172
Electronic ISSN: 1437-160X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-010-1740-7

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Cardiology Video

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Watch now

Watch official videos from the ACC congress summarizing key highlights from the last year in heart failure, cardiomyopathies, valvular disease, pulmonary vascular disease, and pediatric cardiology.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits

ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 6/2012

Characteristics and influence factors of pathologic transformation in the subclasses of class IV lupus nephritis

Analysis of the classical, alternative, and mannose binding lectin pathway of the complement system in the pathogenesis of oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Antiphospholipid syndrome plus rheumatic fever: a higher risk factor for stroke?

Coexistence of Takayasu’s arteritis with familial Mediterranean fever