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Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 6/2020

01-06-2020 | Original Article

Protein expression profiling identifies differential modulation of homologous recombination by platinum-based antitumor agents

Authors: Guangan He, Xiaolei Xie, Zahid H. Siddik

Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology | Issue 6/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

Oxaliplatin and satraplatin demonstrate activity against cisplatin-resistant tumor cells. Although the two platinum analogs are structurally-related, oxaliplatin is more active. Therefore, studies focusing on protein expression profiling were undertaken to identify the molecular mechanism for the difference in antitumor activity.

Methods

We included cisplatin as reference and DAP as a Pt(IV)-prodrug of oxaliplatin to offset Pt(IV) status of satraplatin, and utilized A2780, cisplatin-resistant 2780CP/Cl-16, U2OS, and HCT-116 tumor cells in the investigation. Protein expressions following drug exposures were examined by reverse-phase protein array and ingenuity pathway analysis. Cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry, cytotoxicity by growth inhibition assay, and homologous recombination (HR) by a GFP reporter assay.

Results

Clustering analysis paired oxaliplatin with DAP and, surprisingly, satraplatin with cisplatin. This correlated with differential upregulation of p53/p21 pathway, with S and G2/M arrests by cisplatin and satraplatin in contrast to G1 arrest by oxaliplatin and DAP. Moreover, Rad51 and BRCA1 were severely downregulated by oxaliplatin and DAP, but not cisplatin and satraplatin. As a result, HR was inhibited only by oxaliplatin and DAP and this also contributed to their greater drug activity over cisplatin and satraplatin.

Conclusions

Oxaliplatin and DAP robustly activate p53 and p21, which downregulate HR proteins to enhance drug activity. More significantly, since oxaliplatin induces a BRCAness state, it may have potential against BRCA-proficient cancers. Satraplatin, on the other hand, resembled cisplatin in its protein expression profile, which indicates that small changes in chemical structure can substantially alter signal transduction pathways to modulate drug activity.
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Metadata
Title
Protein expression profiling identifies differential modulation of homologous recombination by platinum-based antitumor agents
Authors
Guangan He
Xiaolei Xie
Zahid H. Siddik
Publication date
01-06-2020
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology / Issue 6/2020
Print ISSN: 0344-5704
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-020-04085-1

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