Top

Published in:

01-06-2007 | Original Article

Congenital coronary arteries anomalies: review of the literature and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)-appearance

Authors: M. Montaudon, V. Latrabe, X. Iriart, P. Caix, F. Laurent

Published in: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy | Issue 5/2007

Abstract

The prevalence of coronary arteries congenital anomalies is 1 to 2% in the general population. Although the spectrum of their clinical manifestations is very broad from total inocuity to lethal, anomalies of coronary arteries need to be recognized by clinicians in certain circumstances: they are the first cause of death in young adults under physical exercise and an abnormal course of a coronary artery can complicate a cardiac surgery. Therefore, a non-invasive test is highly suitable for detecting anomalies of coronary arteries and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is likely to be the best one. To understand how anomalies of coronary arteries may occur, we have reviewed the recent literature about their development. Then, the main types of anomalies are presented with their clinical context, and representative MDCT images from our personal database are used for illustration.

Amoroso G, Battolla L, Gemignani C, Panconi M, Petronio AS, Rondine P, Mariani M, Falaschi F (2004) Myocardial bridging on left anterior descending coronary artery evaluated by multidetector computed tomography. Int J Cardiol 95:335–337PubMedCrossRef

Angelini P (1989) Normal and anomalous coronary arteries: definitions and classification. Am Heart J 117:418–434PubMedCrossRef

Angelini P, Velasco JA, Flamm S (2002) Coronary anomalies: incidence, pathophysiology, and clinical relevance. Circulation 105:2449–2454PubMedCrossRef

Barriales-Villa R, Moris de la Tassa C (2006) Congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin in the contralateral sinus of Valsalva: which approach should we take?. Rev Esp Cardiol 59:360–370PubMedCrossRef

Basso C, Maron BJ, Corrado D, Thiene G (2000) Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin from the wrong aortic sinus leading to sudden death in young competitive athletes. J Am Coll Cardiol 35:1493–1501PubMedCrossRef

Bernanke DH, Velkey JM (2002) Development of the coronary blood supply: changing concepts and current ideas. Anat Rec 269:198–208PubMedCrossRef

Bouchey D, Drake CJ, Wunsch AM, Little CD (1996) Distribution of connective tissue proteins during development and neovascularization of the epicardium. Cardiovasc Res 31 Spec No:E104–E115PubMedCrossRef

Bunce NH, Lorenz CH, Keegan J, Lesser J, Reyes EM, Firmin DN, Pennell DJ (2003) Coronary artery anomalies: assessment with free-breathing three-dimensional coronary MR angiography. Radiology 227:201–208PubMedCrossRef

Chaitman BR, Lesperance J, Saltiel J, Bourassa MG (1976) Clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic findings in patients with anomalous origin of the coronary arteries. Circulation 53:122–131PubMed

10.

Ciampricotti R, el Gamal M (1988) Vasospastic coronary occlusion associated with a myocardial bridge. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 14:118–120PubMedCrossRef

11.

Danias PG, Stuber M, McConnell MV, Manning WJ (2001) The diagnosis of congenital coronary anomalies with magnetic resonance imaging. Coron Artery Dis 12:621–626PubMedCrossRef

12.

Desmet W, Vanhaecke J, Vrolix M, Van de Werf F, Piessens J, Willems J, de Geest H (1992) Isolated single coronary artery: a review of 50,000 consecutive coronary angiographies. Eur Heart J 13:1637–1640PubMed

13.

Dodd JD, Ferencik M, Liberthson RR, Cury RC, Hoffmann U, Brady TJ, Abbara S (2007) Congenital anomalies of coronary artery origin in adults: 64-MDCT appearance. AJR Am J Roentgenol 188:W138–W146PubMedCrossRef

14.

Dodge-Khatami A, Mavroudis C, Backer CL (2000) Congenital Heart Surgery Nomenclature and Database Project: anomalies of the coronary arteries. Ann Thorac Surg 69:S270–S297PubMedCrossRef

15.

Elian D, Hegesh J, Agranat O, Guetta V, Har-Zahav Y, Rath S, Chouraqui P, Di Segni E (2003) Left main coronary artery atresia: extremely rare coronary anomaly in an asymptomatic adult and an adolescent soccer player. Cardiol Rev 11:160–162PubMedCrossRef

16.

Erez E, Tam VK, Doublin NA, Stakes J (2006) Anomalous coronary artery with aortic origin and course between the great arteries: improved diagnosis, anatomic findings, and surgical treatment. Ann Thorac Surg 82:973–977PubMedCrossRef

17.

Feldt RH, Ongley PA, Titus JL (1965) Total coronary arterial circulation from pulmonary artery with survival to age seven: report of case. Mayo Clin Proc 40:539–543PubMed

18.

Garabedian CP, Mosca RS, Hellenbrand WE (2002) Coronary artery fistula embolization in an infant with pulmonary atresia intact ventricular septum: a case report. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 57:371–373PubMedCrossRef

19.

Ge J, Erbel R, Rupprecht HJ, Koch L, Kearney P, Gorge G, Haude M, Meyer J (1994) Comparison of intravascular ultrasound and angiography in the assessment of myocardial bridging. Circulation 89:1725–1732PubMed

20.

Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Bartelings MM, Deruiter MC, Poelmann RE (2005) Basics of cardiac development for the understanding of congenital heart malformations. Pediatr Res 57:169–176PubMedCrossRef

21.

Greenberg MA, Fish BG, Spindola-Franco H (1989) Congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries. Classification and significance. Radiol Clin N Am 27:1127–1146PubMed

22.

Hatcher CJ, Basson CT (2003) Modeling development of the epicardium and coronary vasculature: in vitro veritas? Circ Res 92:477–479PubMedCrossRef

23.

Hausleiter J, Meyer T, Hadamitzky M, Huber E, Zankl M, Martinoff S, Kastrati A, Schomig A (2006) Radiation dose estimates from cardiac multislice computed tomography in daily practice: impact of different scanning protocols on effective dose estimates. Circulation 113:1305–1310PubMedCrossRef

24.

Hoffman JI, Kaplan S, Liberthson RR (2004) Prevalence of congenital heart disease. Am Heart J 147:425–439PubMedCrossRef

25.

Khanna A, Torigian DA, Ferrari VA, Bross RJ, Rosen MA (2005) Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in adulthood on CT and MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 185:326–329PubMed

26.

Kimbiris D, Iskandrian AS, Segal BL, Bemis CE (1978) Anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries. Circulation 58:606–615PubMed

27.

Lattin JGE, O’Brien SWT, Ren X, Thompson AK (2006) Multidetector CT in identification of an anomalous left main coronary artery and a small septal branch. Eur J Radiol Extra 57:13–15CrossRef

28.

Lima B, Varma SK, Lowe JE (2006) Nonsurgical management of left main coronary artery aneurysms: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Tex Heart Inst J 33:376–379PubMed

29.

Lipton MJ, Barry WH, Obrez I, Silverman JF, Wexler L (1979) Isolated single coronary artery: diagnosis, angiographic classification, and clinical significance. Radiology 130:39–47PubMed

30.

Manghat NE, Morgan-Hughes GJ, Marshall AJ, Roobottom CA (2005) Multidetector row computed tomography: imaging congenital coronary artery anomalies in adults. Heart 91:1515–1522PubMedCrossRef

31.

Manner J (1999) Does the subepicardial mesenchyme contribute myocardioblasts to the myocardium of the chick embryo heart? A quail-chick chimera study tracing the fate of the epicardial primordium. Anat Rec 255:212–226PubMedCrossRef

32.

Maron BJ (2003) Sudden death in young athletes. N Engl J Med 349:1064–1075PubMedCrossRef

33.

Mavroudis C, Backer CL, Rocchini AP, Muster AJ, Gevitz M (1997) Coronary artery fistulas in infants and children: a surgical review and discussion of coil embolization. Ann Thorac Surg 63:1235–1242PubMedCrossRef

34.

Mawson JB (2002) Congenital heart defects and coronary anatomy. Tex Heart Inst J 29:279–289PubMed

35.

Munoz-Chapuli R, Gonzalez-Iriarte M, Carmona R, Atencia G, Macias D, Perez-Pomares JM (2002) Cellular precursors of the coronary arteries. Tex Heart Inst J 29:243–249PubMed

36.

Musiani A, Cernigliaro C, Sansa M, Maselli D, De Gasperis C (1997) Left main coronary artery atresia: literature review and therapeutical considerations. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 11:505–514PubMedCrossRef

37.

Nakamura M, Matsuoka H, Kawakami H, Komatsu J, Itou T, Higashino H, Kido T, Mochizuki T (2006) Giant congenital coronary artery fistula to left brachial vein clearly detected by multidetector computed tomography. Circ J 70:796–799PubMedCrossRef

38.

Poelmann RE, Gittenberger-de Groot AC (2005) Apoptosis as an instrument in cardiovascular development. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today 75:305–313PubMedCrossRef

39.

Poelmann RE, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Mentink MM, Bokenkamp R, Hogers B (1993) Development of the cardiac coronary vascular endothelium, studied with antiendothelial antibodies, in chicken-quail chimeras. Circ Res 73:559–568PubMed

40.

Poelmann RE, Lie-Venema H, Gittenberger-de Groot AC (2002) The role of the epicardium and neural crest as extracardiac contributors to coronary vascular development. Tex Heart Inst J 29:255–261PubMed

41.

Powell AJ, Mayer JE, Lang P, Lock JE (2000) Outcome in infants with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and right ventricle-dependent coronary circulation. Am J Cardiol 86:1272–1274, A1279PubMedCrossRef

42.

Roberts WC (1962) Anomalous origin of both coronary arteries from the pulmonary artery. Am J Cardiol 10:595–600PubMedCrossRef

43.

Rodrigues AJ, Vicente WV, Bassetto S, Filho AS (2004) Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in an adult with systemic collateral circulation to the left coronary artery. Ann Thorac Surg 78:1082–1084PubMedCrossRef

44.

Ropers D, Gehling G, Pohle K, Maeffert R, Regenfus M, Moshage W, Schuster P, Daniel WG, Achenbach S (2002) Images in cardiovascular medicine. Anomalous course of the left main or left anterior descending coronary artery originating from the right sinus of valsalva: identification of four common variations by electron beam tomography. Circulation 105:e42–e43PubMedCrossRef

45.

Sakakibara S, Yokoyama M, Takao A, Nogi M, Gomi H (1966) Coronary arteriovenous fistula. Nine operated cases. Am Heart J 72:307–314PubMed

46.

Sharbaugh AH, White RS (1974) Single coronary artery. Analysis of the anatomic variation, clinical importance, and report of five cases. JAMA 230:243-246PubMedCrossRef

47.

Shi H, Aschoff AJ, Brambs HJ, Hoffmann MH (2004) Multislice CT imaging of anomalous coronary arteries. Eur Radiol 14:2172-2181PubMedCrossRef

48.

Skandalakys J, Gray S, Silverman M (1994) The coronary vessels. In: Skandalakis J, Gray S (eds) Embryology for surgeons. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 958–975

49.

Tomanek RJ (1996) Formation of the coronary vasculature: a brief review. Cardiovasc Res 31 Spec No:E46–E51PubMedCrossRef

50.

Turner K, Navaratnam V (1996) The positions of coronary arterial ostia. Clin Anat 9:376–380PubMedCrossRef

51.

Velkey JM, Bernanke DH (2001) Apoptosis during coronary artery orifice development in the chick embryo. Anat Rec 262:310–317PubMedCrossRef

52.

Vlodaver Z, Neufeld HN, Edwards JE (1972) Pathology of coronary disease. Semin Roentgenol 7:376–394PubMedCrossRef

53.

Vrancken Peeters MP, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Mentink MM, Hungerford JE, Little CD, Poelmann RE (1997) Differences in development of coronary arteries and veins. Cardiovasc Res 36:101–110PubMedCrossRef

54.

Wada AM, Reese DE, Bader DM (2001) Bves: prototype of a new class of cell adhesion molecules expressed during coronary artery development. Development 128:2085–2093PubMed

55.

Waldo KL, Willner W, Kirby ML (1990) Origin of the proximal coronary artery stems and a review of ventricular vascularization in the chick embryo. Am J Anat 188:109–120PubMedCrossRef

56.

Wesselhoeft H, Fawcett JS, Johnson AL (1968) Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk. Its clinical spectrum, pathology, and pathophysiology, based on a review of 140 cases with seven further cases. Circulation 38:403–425PubMed

57.

Williams IA, Gersony WM, Hellenbrand WE (2006) Anomalous right coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery: a report of 7 cases and a review of the literature. Am Heart J 152:1004e1009–1004e1017

58.

Yamanaka O, Hobbs RE (1990) Coronary artery anomalies in 126,595 patients undergoing coronary arteriography. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 21:28–40PubMedCrossRef

Title: Congenital coronary arteries anomalies: review of the literature and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)-appearance
Authors: M. Montaudon
V. Latrabe
X. Iriart
P. Caix
F. Laurent
Publication date: 01-06-2007
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy / Issue 5/2007
Print ISSN: 0930-1038
Electronic ISSN: 1279-8517
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-007-0217-1

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Congenital coronary arteries anomalies: review of the literature and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)-appearance

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 5/2007

Multidetector computed tomography features of linea arcuata (arcuate-line of Douglas) and linea arcuata hernias

Topographic distribution area of the infraorbital nerve

Pancreatographic investigation of the pancreatic duct system

The morphology and the surgical importance of the gonadal arteries originating from the renal artery

The thin sectional anatomy of the temporal bone correlated with multislice spiral CT

Qualitative comparison of anatomical microdissection, Sihler’s staining and computerized reconstruction methods for visualizing intramuscular nerve branches