Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

LIVE: Thursday 2nd May 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Quality sleep is essential for health. But what happens to our brains when sleep patterns are disturbed? Join our experts to explore the interplay between sleep disruption and neurological diseases, and the questions that you need to be asking your patients to help you prevent the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
World Journal of Surgery
Published in: World Journal of Surgery 5/2017

Open Access 01-05-2017 | Surgical Symposium Contribution

Strategies for Intravenous Fluid Resuscitation in Trauma Patients

Authors: Robert Wise, Michael Faurie, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Eric Hodgson

Published in: World Journal of Surgery | Issue 5/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Intravenous fluid management of trauma patients is fraught with complex decisions that are often complicated by coagulopathy and blood loss. This review discusses the fluid management in trauma patients from the perspective of the developing world. In addition, the article describes an approach to specific circumstances in trauma fluid decision-making and provides recommendations for the resource-limited environment.
Literature
1.
Strunden M, Heckel K, Goetz A et al (2011) Perioperative fluid and volume management: physiological basis, tools and strategies. Ann Intensive Care 1:1–8CrossRef
2.
Marik P (2014) Iatrogenic salt water drowning and the hazards of a high central venous pressure. Ann Intensive Care 4:1–9CrossRef
3.
Chappell D, Jacob M, Hofmann-Kiefer K et al (2008) A rational approach to perioperative fluid management. Anesthesiology 109:723–740PubMedCrossRef
4.
Myburgh J, Finfer S, Bellomo R et al (2012) Hyrdoxyethyl starch or saline for fluid resuscitation in intensive care. N Engl J Med 367:1901–1911PubMedCrossRef
5.
Perner A, Nicolai H, Guttormson A et al (2012) Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 versus Ringer’s acetate in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 367:124–134PubMedCrossRef
6.
Raiman M, Mitchell C, Biccard B et al (2016) Comparison of hydroxyethyl starch colloids with crystalloids for surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Anaesthesiol 33(42–4):8
7.
Annane D, Siami S, Jaber S et al (2013) Effects of fluid resuscitation with colloids vs crystalloids on mortality in critically ill patients presenting with hypovolaemic shock. The CRISTAL randomized trial. JAMA 310(1809–181):7
8.
Chappell D, Jacob M (2013) Hydroxyethyl starch—the importance of being earnest. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 21:1–4CrossRef
9.
Chappell D, Jacob M (2013) Twisting and ignoring facts on hydroxyethyl starch is not very helpful. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 21:1–3CrossRef
10.
Coppola S, Froio S, Chiumello D (2014) Fluid resuscitation in trauma patients: what should we know? Curr Opin Crit Care 20:444–450PubMedCrossRef
11.
Doig G, Heighes P, Simpson F et al (2011) Early enteral nutrition reduces mortality in trauma patients requiring intensive care: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Injury 42(50–5):6
12.
Guidet B, Martinet O, Boulain T et al (2012) Assessment of hemodynamic efficacy and safety of 6% hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 vs 0.9% NaCl fluid replacement in patients with severe sepsis: the CRYSTMAS study. Crit Care 16(3):R94PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
13.
Krajewski M, Raghunathan K, Paluszkiewicz S et al (2015) Meta-analysis of high- versus low-chloride content in perioperative and critical care fluid resuscitation. Br J Surg 102:24–36PubMedCrossRef
14.
Ince C, Groeneveld A (2014) The case for 0.9% NaCl: is the undefendable, defensible? Kidney Int 86:1087–1095PubMedCrossRef
15.
16.
Martini W, Cortez D, Dubick M (2013) Comparisons of normal saline and lactated Ringer’s resuscitation on hemodynamics, metabolic responses, and coagulation in pigs after severe hemorrhagic shock. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 21:86PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
17.
Hafizah M, Liu C, Ooi J (2015) Normal saline versus balanced-salt solution as intravenous fluid therapy during neurosurgery: effects on acid-base balance and electrolytes. J Neurosurg Sci. [Epub ahead of print]
18.
Galvagno S, Mackenzie C (2013) New and future resuscitation fluids for trauma patients using hemoglobin and hypertonic saline. Anaesthesiol Clin 31:1–19CrossRef
19.
Patanwala A, Amini A, Erstad B (2010) Use of hypertonic saline injection in trauma. Am J Health Syst Pharm 67:1920–1928PubMedCrossRef
20.
Finfer S, Bellomo R, Boyce N et al (2004) A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med 350:2247–2256PubMedCrossRef
21.
Myburgh J, Cooper D, Finfer S et al (2007) Saline or albumin for fluid resuscitation in patients with traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med 357:874–884PubMedCrossRef
22.
23.
Malbrain M, Roberts D, Sugrue M et al (2014) The polycompartment syndrome: a concise state-of-the-art review. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 46:433–450PubMedCrossRef
24.
25.
Hahn R, Bergek C, Geback T et al (2013) Interactions between the volume effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 and Ringer’s acetate. Crit Care 17:R104PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
26.
Strunden M, Heckel K, Goetz A et al (2011) Perioperative fluid and volume management: physiological basis, tools and strategies. Ann Intensive Care 1(1):2CrossRef
27.
Spinella P, Perkin J, Grathwohl K et al (2009) Warm fresh whole blood is independently associated with improved survival for patients with combat-related traumatic injuries. J Trauma 66:S69–S76PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
Raymer J, Flynn L, Martin R (2012) Massive transfusion of blood in the surgical patient. Surg Clin N Am 92:221–234PubMedCrossRef
29.
Holcomb J, Tilley B, Baraniuk S et al (2015) Transfusion of plasma, platelets and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 ratio and mortality in patients with severe trauma: the PROPPR randomised controlled trial. JAMA 313:471–482PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
Monnet X, Rienzo M, Osman D et al (2005) Esophageal Doppler monitoring predicts fluid responsiveness in critically ill ventilated patients. Intensive Care Med 31:1195–1201PubMedCrossRef
31.
Holcomb J (2010) Optimal use of blood products in severely injured trauma patients haematology. Am Soc Hematol Educ Progr 1:465–469
32.
Miller T (2013) New evidence in trauma resuscitation—is 1:1:1 the answer? Perioper Med 2(1):13CrossRef
33.
34.
Levien L (2006) South Africa: clinical experience with hemopure. ISBT Sci Ser 1:167–173CrossRef
35.
MacKenzie C, Pitman A, Hodgson R et al (2015) Are hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers being withheld because of regulatory requirement for equivalence to packed red blood cells? Am J Ther 22:e115–e121PubMedCrossRef
36.
Natanson C, Kern S, Lurie P et al (2008) Cell-free hemoglobin-based blood substitutes and risk of myocardial infarction and death: a meta-analysis. JAMA 299:2304–2312PubMedCrossRef
37.
38.
van Ramshorst GH, Salih M, Hop WC et al (2011) Noninvasive assessment of intra-abdominal pressure by measurement of abdominal wall tension. J Surg Res 171:240–244PubMedCrossRef
39.
Gonzalez E, Moore E, Moore H et al (2016) Goal-directed hemostatic resuscitation of trauma-induced coagulopathy: a Pragmatic randomized clinical trial comparing a viscoelastic assay to conventional coagulation assays. Ann Surg 263:1051–1059PubMedCrossRef
40.
Tapia N, Chang A, Norman M (2012) TEG-guided resuscitations superior to standardized MTP resuscitation massively transfused penetrating trauma patients. J Acute Care Surg 74:378–386CrossRef
41.
Haas T, Gorlinger K, Grassetto A et al (2014) Thromboelastometry for guiding bleeding management of the critically ill patient: a systematic review of the literature. Min Anestesiol 80:1320–1335
42.
43.
44.
Malbrain M, Marik P, Witters I et al (2014) Fluid overload, de-resuscitation, and outcomes in critically ill or injured patients: a systematic review with suggestions for clinical practice. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 46:361–380PubMedCrossRef
45.
Shere-Wolfe R, Galvagno SJ, Grissom T (2012) Critical care considerations in the management of the trauma patient following initial resuscitation. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 20:1–15CrossRef
46.
Teboul J, Monnet X (2009) Detecting volume responsiveness and unresponsiveness in intensive care unit patients: two different problems, only one solution. Crit Care 13:R111CrossRef
47.
Malbrain M, Van Regenmortel N, Owczuk R (2014) The debate on fluid management and haemodynamic monitoring continues: between Scylla and Charybdis, or faith and evidence. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 46:313–318PubMedCrossRef
48.
Malbrain ML, Van Regenmortel N, Owczuk R (2015) It is time to consider the four D’s of fluid management. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:1–5CrossRef
49.
Van Regenmortel N, Jorens PG, Malbrain ML (2014) Fluid management before, during and after elective surgery. Curr Opin Crit Care 20:390–396PubMedCrossRef
50.
Langer T, Santini A, Scotti E et al (2015) Intravenous balanced solutions: from physiology to clinical evidence. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:s78–s88PubMedCrossRef
51.
Finfer S, Liu B, Taylor C et al (2010) Resuscitation fluid use in critically ill adults: an international cross-sectional study in 391 intensive care units. Crit Care 14:R185PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
52.
Michard F, Teboul J (2002) Predicting fluid responsiveness in ICU patients: a critical analysis of the evidence. Chest 121:2000–2008PubMedCrossRef
53.
Marik P, Baram M, Vahid B (2008) Does the central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares. Chest 134:172–178PubMedCrossRef
54.
Marik P, Cavallazzi R (2013) Does the central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? An updated meta-analysis and a plea for some common sense. Crit Care Med 41:1774–1781PubMedCrossRef
55.
Malbrain M, De Waele J, De Keulenaer B (2015) What every ICU clinician needs to know about the cardiovascular effects caused by abdominal hypertension. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:388–399PubMedCrossRef
56.
57.
Cannesson M, Slieker J, Desebbe O et al (2008) The ability of a novel algorithm for automatic estimation of the respiratory variations in arterial pulse pressure to monitor fluid responsiveness in the operating room. Anesth Analg 106:1195–1200PubMedCrossRef
58.
Cecconi M, Monti G, Hamilton M et al (2012) Efficacy of functional hemodynamic parameters in predicting fluid responsiveness with pulse power analysis in surgical patients. Min Anestesiol 78:527–533
59.
Hofer C, Müller S, Furrer L et al (2005) Stroke volume and pulse pressure variation for prediction of fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Chest 128:848–854PubMedCrossRef
60.
Michard F, Boussat S, Chemla D et al (2000) Relation between respiratory changes in arterial pulse pressure and fluid responsiveness in septic patients with acute circulatory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162:134–138PubMedCrossRef
61.
Peeters Y, Bernards J, Mekeirele M et al (2015) Hemodynamic monitoring: to calibrate or not to calibrate? Part 1—calibrated techniques. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:487–500PubMed
62.
Bernards J, Mekeirele M, Hoffmann B et al (2015) Hemodynamic monitoring: to calibrate or not to calibrate? Part 2—non-calibrated techniques. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:501–516PubMed
63.
Ameloot K, Palmers P, Malbrain M (2015) The accuracy of noninvasive cardiac output and pressure measurements with finger cuff: a concise review. Curr Opin Crit Care 21:232–239PubMedCrossRef
64.
Monnet X, Dres M, Ferré A et al (2012) Prediction of fluid responsiveness by a continuous non-invasive assessment of arterial pressure in critically ill patients: comparison with four other dynamic indices. Br J Anaesth 109:330–338PubMedCrossRef
65.
Berkenstadt H, Margalit N, Hadani M et al (2001) Stroke volume variation as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing brain surgery. Anesth Analg 92:984–989PubMedCrossRef
66.
Biais M, Nouette-Gaulain K, Cottenceau V et al (2008) Uncalibrated pulse contour-derived stroke volume variation predicts fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients undergoing liver transplantation. Br J Anaesth 101:761–768PubMedCrossRef
67.
Feissel M, Michard F, Mangin I et al (2001) Respiratory changes in aortic blood velocity as an indicator of fluid responsiveness in ventilated patients with septic shock. Chest 119:867–873PubMedCrossRef
68.
Vermeiren G, Malbrain M, Walpot J (2015) Cardiac ultrasonography in the critical care setting: a practical approach to asses cardiac function and preload for the “non-cardiologist”. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:89–104CrossRef
69.
Feissel M, Michard F, Faller J et al (2004) The respiratory variation in inferior vena cava diameter as a guide to fluid therapy. Intensive Care Med 30:1834–1837PubMedCrossRef
70.
Vieillard-Baron A, Chergui K, Rabiller A et al (2004) Superior vena caval collapsibility as a gauge of volume status in ventilated septic patients. Intensive Care Med 30:1734–1739PubMedCrossRef
71.
Cavallaro F, Sandroni C, Marano C et al (2010) Diagnostic accuracy of passive leg raising for prediction of fluid responsiveness in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies. Intensive Care Med 36:1475–1483PubMedCrossRef
72.
73.
Monnet X, Rienzo M, Osman D et al (2006) Passive leg raising predicts fluid responsiveness in the critically ill. Crit Care Med 34:1402–1407PubMedCrossRef
74.
Malbrain M (2010) Reuter D Assessing fluid responsiveness with the passive leg raising maneuver in patients with increased intra-abdominal pressure: be aware that not all blood returns! Crit Care Med 38:1912–1915PubMedCrossRef
75.
Monnet X, Osman D, Ridel C et al (2009) Predicting volume responsiveness by using the end-expiratory occlusion in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 37:951–956PubMedCrossRef
76.
Farcy D, Jain A, Dalley M et al (2016) Pitfalls in using central venous pressure as a marker of fluid responsiveness. Emerg Med 48(1):18–28CrossRef
77.
Zhang Z, Xu X, Ye S et al (2014) Ultrasonographic measurement of the respiratory variation in the inferior vena cava diameter is predictive of fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol 40:845–853PubMedCrossRef
78.
Nagdev A, Merchant R, Tirado-Gonzalez A et al (2010) Emergency department bedside ultrasonographic measurement of the caval index for noninvasive determination of low central venous pressure. Ann Emerg Med 55:290–295PubMedCrossRef
79.
Corl K, Napoli A, Gardiner F (2012) Bedside sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava caval index is a poor predictor of fluid responsiveness in emergency department patients. Emerg Med Aust 24:534–539CrossRef
80.
Muller L, Bobbia X, Toumi M et al (2012) Respiratory variations of inferior vena cava diameter to predict fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with acute circulatory failure: need for a cautious use. Crit Care 16(5):R188PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
81.
Chin J, Jun I, Lee J et al (2014) Can stroke volume variation be an alternative to central venous pressure in patients undergoing kidney transplantation? Transplant Proc 46:3363–3366PubMedCrossRef
82.
Zhang Z, Lu B, Sheng X et al (2011) Accuracy of stroke volume variation in predicting fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Anesth 25:904–916PubMedCrossRef
83.
Feissel M, Michard F, Mangin I et al (2001) Respiratory changes in aortic blood velocity as an indicator of fluid responsiveness in ventilated patients with septic shock. Chest 119:867–873PubMedCrossRef
84.
Lamia B, Ochagavia A, Monnet X et al (2007) Echocardiographic prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneously breathing activity. Intensive Care Med 33:1125–1132PubMedCrossRef
85.
Maizel J, Airapetian N, Lorne E et al (2007) Diagnosis of central hypovolemia by using passive leg raising. Intensive Care Med 33(7):1133–1138PubMedCrossRef
86.
Möller H, Falster K, Ivers R et al (2015) Inequalities in unintentional injuries between indigenous and non-indigenous children: a systematic review. Inj Prev 21:e144–e152PubMedCrossRef
87.
Lacroix J, Demaret P, Tucci M (2012) Red blood cell transfusion: decision making in pediatric intensive care units. Semin Perinatol 36:225–231PubMedCrossRef
88.
Murat I, Dubois M (2008) Perioperative fluid therapy in paediatrics. Ped Anesth 18:363–370CrossRef
89.
de Caen A, Reis A, Bhutta A (2008) Vascular access and drug therapy in pediatric resuscitation. Pediatr Clin N Am 55:909–927CrossRef
90.
91.
Sϋmpelmann R, Kretz F-J, Luntzer R et al (2012) Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42/6:1 for perioperative plasma volume replacement in 1130 children: results of an European prospective multicenter observational postauthorization safety study (PASS). Ped Anesth 22:371–378CrossRef
92.
Dzik W, Kyeyune D, Otekat G et al (2015) Transfusion medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa: conference summary. Transfus Med Rev 29:195–204PubMedCrossRef
93.
Terris M, Crean P (2011) Fluid and electrolyte balance in children. Anaesth Intens Care Med 13:15–19CrossRef
94.
Au A (2010) Bell M Prevention of hospital-acquired hyponatremia in children: are hypotonic solutions safe? Pediatr Crit Care Med 11:528–529PubMedCrossRef
95.
Maguire S, Slater B (2010) Physiology of ageing. Anaesth Intensive Care Med 11:290–292CrossRef
96.
Stevens C, Torke A (2016) Geriatric trauma: a clinical and ethical review. J Trauma Nurs 23:36–41PubMedCrossRef
97.
Corcoran T, Hillyard S (2011) Cardiopulmonary aspects of anaesthesia for the elderly. Best Prac Res Clin Anaesthesiol 25:329–354CrossRef
98.
99.
100.
Bishop S, Maguire S (2012) Anaesthesia and intensive care for major burns. Cont Ed Anaesth Crit Care Pain 12:118–122CrossRef
101.
102.
Béchir M, Puhan M, Neff S et al (2010) Early fluid resuscitation with hyperoncotic hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (10%) in severe burn injury. Crit Care 14:R123PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
103.
Cochran A, Morris S, Edelman L et al (2007) Burn patient characteristics and outcomes following resuscitation with albumin. Burns 33:25–30PubMedCrossRef
104.
Vlachou E, Gosling P, Moiemen N (2010) Hydroxyethylstarch supplementation in burn resuscitation—a prospective randomised controlled trial. Burns 36:984–991PubMedCrossRef
105.
Khorasani E, Mansouri F (2010) Effect of early enteral nutrition on morbidity and mortality in children with burns. Burns 36:1067–1071PubMedCrossRef
106.
Legrand M, Guttormsen A, Berger M (2015) Ten tips for managing critically ill burn patients: follow the RASTAFARI! Intensive Care Med 41:1107–1109PubMedCrossRef
107.
Peeters Y, Vandervelden S, Wise R et al (2015) An overview on fluid resuscitation and resuscitation endpoints in burns: past, present and future. Part 1—historical background, resuscitation fluid and adjunctive treatment. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:s6–s14PubMedCrossRef
108.
Peeters Y, Lebeer M, Wise R et al (2015) An overview on fluid resuscitation and resuscitation endpoints in burns: past, present and future. Part 2—avoiding complications by using the right endpoints with a new personalized protocolized approach. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 47:s15–s26PubMedCrossRef
109.
Jagodzinski N, Weerasingheand C, Porter K (2010) Crush injuries and crush syndrome—a review. Part 1: the systemic injury. Trauma 12:69–88CrossRef
110.
Hardcastle T, Smith W (2011) A crushing experience: the spectrum and outcome of soft tissue injury and myonephropathic syndrome at an Urban South African University Hospital. Af J Emerg Med 1:17–24CrossRef
111.
112.
Moon T, Sappenfield J (2016) Anesthetic management and challenges in the pregnant patient. Curr Anesthesiol Rep 6:89–94CrossRef
113.
114.
Tunçalp Ö, Souza J, Gülmezoglu M (2013) New WHO recommendations on prevention and treatment of post-partum haemorrhage. Int J Gynecol Obstet 123:254–256CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Strategies for Intravenous Fluid Resuscitation in Trauma Patients
Authors
Robert Wise
Michael Faurie
Manu L. N. G. Malbrain
Eric Hodgson
Publication date
01-05-2017
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
World Journal of Surgery / Issue 5/2017
Print ISSN: 0364-2313
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2323
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-016-3865-7

Other articles of this Issue 5/2017

World Journal of Surgery 5/2017 Go to the issue

Original Scientific Report

A Prospective Assessment of Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Initial Non-Operative Management of Ventral Hernias

Original Scientific Report

Partial Splenectomy is Superior to Total Splenectomy for Selected Patients with Hemangiomas or Cysts

Reply, Letter to the Editor

Should Gastric Decompression Be a Routine Procedure in Patients Who Undergo Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy?: Reply

Letter to the Editor

Who Does Benefit from Nasogastric Decompression? Patient or Surgeon

Invited Commentary

Treating Pilonidal Disease: You Do Not Need to Detonate a Naval Mine to Catch a Fish

Original Scientific Report

Patient-Reported Outcomes for Acute Gallstone Pathology