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Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 10/2017

Open Access 01-10-2017 | Review

Oncolytic immunotherapy: unlocking the potential of viruses to help target cancer

Authors: Omid Hamid, Brianna Hoffner, Eduard Gasal, Jenny Hong, Richard D. Carvajal

Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy | Issue 10/2017

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Abstract

Oncolytic immunotherapy is a research area of cancer immunotherapy investigating the use of modified viruses to target cancer cells. A variety of different viral backbones (e.g., adenovirus, reovirus) with a diverse range of genetic modifications are currently being investigated for the treatment of a variety of cancers. The oncolytic virus that has advanced the furthest in clinical development is talimogene laherparepvec, a recombinant HSV-1 virus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In a phase 3 study in patients with unresectable metastatic melanoma, intralesional talimogene laherparepvec treatment resulted in a higher durable response rate compared with subcutaneous GM-CSF treatment (16.3 versus 2.1%; P < 0.001). Notably, responses were observed at uninjected lesions including visceral lesions, indicating a systemic antitumor response had occurred. Studies evaluating combination treatments involving oncolytic viruses and immunologic agents are ongoing. This review focuses on the mechanisms of action for oncolytic viruses and highlights select agents and combinations currently in development.
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Metadata
Title
Oncolytic immunotherapy: unlocking the potential of viruses to help target cancer
Authors
Omid Hamid
Brianna Hoffner
Eduard Gasal
Jenny Hong
Richard D. Carvajal
Publication date
01-10-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy / Issue 10/2017
Print ISSN: 0340-7004
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0851
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-017-2025-8

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