Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 9/2003

01-09-2003 | Review Article

Imaging of large vessel vasculitis with 18FDG PET: illusion or reality? A critical review of the literature data

Authors: Tarik Belhocine, Daniel Blockmans, Roland Hustinx, Johan Vandevivere, Luc Mortelmans

Published in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging | Issue 9/2003

Login to get access

Abstract

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18FDG PET) plays a major role in the management of oncology patients. Owing to the singular properties of the glucose tracer, many patients suffering from non-malignant diseases such as inflammatory or infectious diseases may also derive clinical benefit from the appropriate use of metabolic imaging. Large vessel vasculitides such as giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis are other examples that may potentially extend the field of 18FDG PET indications. The purpose of the present article is to assess the feasibility of metabolic imaging in vasculitis on the basis of the current literature data. In particular, the clinical context and the 18FDG imaging patterns seen in patients with large vessel vasculitis are analysed in order to identify potential indications for metabolic imaging.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Delbeke D. Oncological applications of FDG PET Imaging. J Nucl Med 1999; 40:1706–1715.PubMed Delbeke D. Oncological applications of FDG PET Imaging. J Nucl Med 1999; 40:1706–1715.PubMed
2.
go back to reference Pauwels EK, Ribeiro MJ, Stoot JH, McCready VR, Bourguignon M, Mazière B. FDG accumulation and tumor biology. Nucl Med Biol 1998; 25:317–322.CrossRefPubMed Pauwels EK, Ribeiro MJ, Stoot JH, McCready VR, Bourguignon M, Mazière B. FDG accumulation and tumor biology. Nucl Med Biol 1998; 25:317–322.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Kubota R, Yamada S, Kubota K, Ishiwata K, Tamahashi N, Ido T. Intratumoral distribution of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in vivo: high accumulation in macrophages and granulation tissues studied by microautoradiography. J Nucl Med 1992; 33:1972–1980.PubMed Kubota R, Yamada S, Kubota K, Ishiwata K, Tamahashi N, Ido T. Intratumoral distribution of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in vivo: high accumulation in macrophages and granulation tissues studied by microautoradiography. J Nucl Med 1992; 33:1972–1980.PubMed
4.
go back to reference Ishimori T, Saga T, Mamede M, Kobayashi H, Higashi T, Nakamoto Y, Sato N, Konishi J. Increased18F-FDG uptake in a model of inflammation: concanavalin A-mediated lymphocyte activation. J Nucl Med 2002; 43:658–663. Ishimori T, Saga T, Mamede M, Kobayashi H, Higashi T, Nakamoto Y, Sato N, Konishi J. Increased18F-FDG uptake in a model of inflammation: concanavalin A-mediated lymphocyte activation. J Nucl Med 2002; 43:658–663.
5.
go back to reference Jones HA, Cadwallader KA, White JF, Uddin M, Peters AM, Chilvers ER. Dissociation between respiratory burst activity and deoxyglucose uptake in human neutrophil granulocytes: implications for interpretation of18F-FDG PET images. J Nucl Med 2002; 43:652–657. Jones HA, Cadwallader KA, White JF, Uddin M, Peters AM, Chilvers ER. Dissociation between respiratory burst activity and deoxyglucose uptake in human neutrophil granulocytes: implications for interpretation of18F-FDG PET images. J Nucl Med 2002; 43:652–657.
6.
go back to reference Shreve PD, Anzai Y, Wahl RL. Pitfalls in oncologic diagnosis with FDG-PET imaging: physiologic and artifactual fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation. J Nucl Med 1996; 36:441–446. Shreve PD, Anzai Y, Wahl RL. Pitfalls in oncologic diagnosis with FDG-PET imaging: physiologic and artifactual fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation. J Nucl Med 1996; 36:441–446.
7.
go back to reference Haberkorn U, Strauss LG, Dimitrakopoulou A, Engenhart R, Oberdorfer F, Ostertag H, Romahn J, van Kaick G. PET studies of fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism in patients with recurrent colorectal tumors receiving radiotherapy. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:1485–1490.PubMed Haberkorn U, Strauss LG, Dimitrakopoulou A, Engenhart R, Oberdorfer F, Ostertag H, Romahn J, van Kaick G. PET studies of fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism in patients with recurrent colorectal tumors receiving radiotherapy. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:1485–1490.PubMed
8.
go back to reference Lewis PJ, Salama A. Uptake of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in sarcoidosis. J Nucl Med 1994; 35:1647–1649.PubMed Lewis PJ, Salama A. Uptake of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in sarcoidosis. J Nucl Med 1994; 35:1647–1649.PubMed
9.
go back to reference Stumpe KD, Dazzi H, Schaffner A, von Schulthess GK. Infection imaging using whole-body FDG PET. Eur J Nucl Med 2000; 27:822–832.CrossRefPubMed Stumpe KD, Dazzi H, Schaffner A, von Schulthess GK. Infection imaging using whole-body FDG PET. Eur J Nucl Med 2000; 27:822–832.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Bakheet SM, Powe J, Ezzat A, Rostom A. F-18-FDG uptake in tuberculosis. Clin Nucl Med 1998; 23:739–742.PubMed Bakheet SM, Powe J, Ezzat A, Rostom A. F-18-FDG uptake in tuberculosis. Clin Nucl Med 1998; 23:739–742.PubMed
11.
go back to reference Franzius C, Biermann M, Hulskamp G, Frosch M, Roth J, Sciuk J, Schober O. Therapy monitoring in aspergillosis using F-18 FDG positron emission tomography. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:822–832.CrossRef Franzius C, Biermann M, Hulskamp G, Frosch M, Roth J, Sciuk J, Schober O. Therapy monitoring in aspergillosis using F-18 FDG positron emission tomography. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:822–832.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Lie JT. Illustrated histopathological classification criteria for selected vasculitis syndromes. American Rheumatology Subcommittee on Classification of Vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33:1074–1087.PubMed Lie JT. Illustrated histopathological classification criteria for selected vasculitis syndromes. American Rheumatology Subcommittee on Classification of Vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33:1074–1087.PubMed
13.
go back to reference Hunder GG. Classification/diagnostic criteria for GCA/PMR. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000; 18 (4 Suppl 20):S4–S5. Hunder GG. Classification/diagnostic criteria for GCA/PMR. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2000; 18 (4 Suppl 20):S4–S5.
14.
go back to reference Arend WP, Michel BA, Bloch DA, et al. the American college of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33:1129–1134.PubMed Arend WP, Michel BA, Bloch DA, et al. the American college of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33:1129–1134.PubMed
15.
go back to reference Jennette JC, Falk R, Andrassy K, et al. Nomenclature of systemic vasculitis. Proposal of an international conference. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37:187–192.PubMed Jennette JC, Falk R, Andrassy K, et al. Nomenclature of systemic vasculitis. Proposal of an international conference. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37:187–192.PubMed
16.
go back to reference Gross WL, Trabandt A, Reinhold-Keller E. Diagnosis and evaluation of vasculitis. Rheumatology 2000; 39:245–252.CrossRefPubMed Gross WL, Trabandt A, Reinhold-Keller E. Diagnosis and evaluation of vasculitis. Rheumatology 2000; 39:245–252.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Salvani C, Cantini F, Boiardi L, Hunder GG. Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant-cell arteritis. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:261–271.CrossRefPubMed Salvani C, Cantini F, Boiardi L, Hunder GG. Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant-cell arteritis. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:261–271.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Blockmans D, Knockaert D, Maes A, De Caestecker J, Stroobants S, Bobbaers H, Mortelmans L. Clinical value of18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography for patients with fever of unknown origin. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 31:191–196.CrossRef Blockmans D, Knockaert D, Maes A, De Caestecker J, Stroobants S, Bobbaers H, Mortelmans L. Clinical value of18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography for patients with fever of unknown origin. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 31:191–196.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C, Llorca J, Gonzalez-Louzao C, Rodriguez-Ledo P. Biopsy-negative giant cell arteritis: clinical spectrum and predictive factors for positive temporal artery biopsy. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2001; 30:249–256.CrossRefPubMed Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C, Llorca J, Gonzalez-Louzao C, Rodriguez-Ledo P. Biopsy-negative giant cell arteritis: clinical spectrum and predictive factors for positive temporal artery biopsy. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2001; 30:249–256.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Lambert M, Hachulla E, Hatron PY, Perez-Cousin M, Beregi JP, Warembourg H, Devulder B. Takayasu's arteritis: vascular investigations and therapeutic management. Experience with 16 patients. Rev Med Interne 1998; 19:878–884.CrossRefPubMed Lambert M, Hachulla E, Hatron PY, Perez-Cousin M, Beregi JP, Warembourg H, Devulder B. Takayasu's arteritis: vascular investigations and therapeutic management. Experience with 16 patients. Rev Med Interne 1998; 19:878–884.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Evans JM, O'Fallon WM, Hunder GG. Increased incidence of aortic aneurysm and dissection in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. A population-based study. Ann Intern Med 1995; 122:502–507.PubMed Evans JM, O'Fallon WM, Hunder GG. Increased incidence of aortic aneurysm and dissection in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. A population-based study. Ann Intern Med 1995; 122:502–507.PubMed
22.
go back to reference Liu G, Shupak R, Chiu BK. Aortic dissection in giant-cell arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1995; 25:160–171.PubMed Liu G, Shupak R, Chiu BK. Aortic dissection in giant-cell arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1995; 25:160–171.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Greene GM, Lain D, Sherwin RM, Wilson JE, McManus BM. Giant cell arteritis of the legs. Clinical isolation of severe disease with gangrene and amputations. Am J Med 1986; 81:727–733.PubMed Greene GM, Lain D, Sherwin RM, Wilson JE, McManus BM. Giant cell arteritis of the legs. Clinical isolation of severe disease with gangrene and amputations. Am J Med 1986; 81:727–733.PubMed
24.
go back to reference Klein RG, Hunder GG, Stanson AW, Sheps SG. Large artery involvement in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. Ann Intern Med 1975; 83:806–812.PubMed Klein RG, Hunder GG, Stanson AW, Sheps SG. Large artery involvement in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. Ann Intern Med 1975; 83:806–812.PubMed
25.
go back to reference Nordborg E, Bengtsson BA. Death rates and causes of death in 284 consecutive patients with giant cell arteritis confirmed by biopsy. BMJ 1989; 299:549–550.PubMed Nordborg E, Bengtsson BA. Death rates and causes of death in 284 consecutive patients with giant cell arteritis confirmed by biopsy. BMJ 1989; 299:549–550.PubMed
26.
go back to reference Lie JT. Aortic and extracranial large vessel giant cell arteritis: a review of 72 cases with histopathologic documentation. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1995; 24:422–431.PubMed Lie JT. Aortic and extracranial large vessel giant cell arteritis: a review of 72 cases with histopathologic documentation. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1995; 24:422–431.PubMed
27.
go back to reference Kerr GS. Takayasu's arteritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1995; 21:1041–1058.PubMed Kerr GS. Takayasu's arteritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1995; 21:1041–1058.PubMed
28.
go back to reference Fauci AS. The vasculitis syndromes. In: Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine 2001, 15th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2001:1956–1968. Fauci AS. The vasculitis syndromes. In: Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine 2001, 15th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2001:1956–1968.
29.
go back to reference Ishikawa K. Natural history and classification of occlusive thromboaortopathy (Takayasu's disease). Circulation 1978; 57:27–34.PubMed Ishikawa K. Natural history and classification of occlusive thromboaortopathy (Takayasu's disease). Circulation 1978; 57:27–34.PubMed
30.
go back to reference Blockmans D, Maes A, Stroobants S, Nuyts J, Bormans G, Knockaert D, Bobbaers H, Mortelmans L. New arguments for a vasculitic nature of polymyalgia rheumatica using positron emission tomography. Rheumatology (Oxf) 1999; 38:444–447. Blockmans D, Maes A, Stroobants S, Nuyts J, Bormans G, Knockaert D, Bobbaers H, Mortelmans L. New arguments for a vasculitic nature of polymyalgia rheumatica using positron emission tomography. Rheumatology (Oxf) 1999; 38:444–447.
31.
go back to reference Blockmans D, Stroobants S, Maes A, Mortelmans L. Positron emission tomography in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: evidence for inflammation of the aortic arch. Am J Med 2000; 108:246–249.CrossRefPubMed Blockmans D, Stroobants S, Maes A, Mortelmans L. Positron emission tomography in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: evidence for inflammation of the aortic arch. Am J Med 2000; 108:246–249.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Belhocine T, Kaye O, Delanaye P, Corman C, Baghaie M, Deprez M, Daenen F, De Barsy C, Beckers C, Gomez P, Hustinx R, Foidart-Willems J, Demonty J, Malaise M, Rigo P. Maladie de Horton et atteintes artérielles extra-temporales: utilité de la tomographie par émission de positons au18FDG. A propos de trois observations et revue de la littérature. Rev Med Interne 2002; 23:1–8.PubMed Belhocine T, Kaye O, Delanaye P, Corman C, Baghaie M, Deprez M, Daenen F, De Barsy C, Beckers C, Gomez P, Hustinx R, Foidart-Willems J, Demonty J, Malaise M, Rigo P. Maladie de Horton et atteintes artérielles extra-temporales: utilité de la tomographie par émission de positons au18FDG. A propos de trois observations et revue de la littérature. Rev Med Interne 2002; 23:1–8.PubMed
33.
go back to reference De Winter F, Petrovic M, Van de Wiele C, Vogelaers D, Afschrift M, Dierckx RA. Imaging of giant cell arteritis: evidence of splenic involvement using FDG positron emission tomography. Clin Nucl Med 2000; 25:633–634.CrossRefPubMed De Winter F, Petrovic M, Van de Wiele C, Vogelaers D, Afschrift M, Dierckx RA. Imaging of giant cell arteritis: evidence of splenic involvement using FDG positron emission tomography. Clin Nucl Med 2000; 25:633–634.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Turlakow A, Yeung HW, Pui J, Macapinlac H, Liebovitz E, Rusch V, Goy A, Larson SM. Fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:1003–1007.CrossRefPubMed Turlakow A, Yeung HW, Pui J, Macapinlac H, Liebovitz E, Rusch V, Goy A, Larson SM. Fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:1003–1007.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Hara M, Goodman PC, Leder RA. FDG-PET finding in early-phase Takayasu arteritis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1999; 23:16–18.PubMed Hara M, Goodman PC, Leder RA. FDG-PET finding in early-phase Takayasu arteritis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1999; 23:16–18.PubMed
36.
go back to reference Meller J, Grabbe E, Becker W, Vosshenrich R. Value of F-18 FDG hybrid camera PET and MRI in early Takayasu aortitis. Eur Radiol 2003; 13:400–405.PubMed Meller J, Grabbe E, Becker W, Vosshenrich R. Value of F-18 FDG hybrid camera PET and MRI in early Takayasu aortitis. Eur Radiol 2003; 13:400–405.PubMed
37.
go back to reference Meller J, Strutz F, Siefker U, Scheel A, Sahlmann CO, Lehmann K, Conrad M, Vosshenrich R. Early diagnosis and follow-up of aortitis with [18F]FDG PET and MRI. Eur J Nucl Med 2003; 30:730–736. Meller J, Strutz F, Siefker U, Scheel A, Sahlmann CO, Lehmann K, Conrad M, Vosshenrich R. Early diagnosis and follow-up of aortitis with [18F]FDG PET and MRI. Eur J Nucl Med 2003; 30:730–736.
38.
go back to reference Fahey FH. Positron emission tomography instrumentation. Radiol Clin North Am 2001; 39:919–929.PubMed Fahey FH. Positron emission tomography instrumentation. Radiol Clin North Am 2001; 39:919–929.PubMed
39.
go back to reference Fayad ZA, Fuster V. Clinical imaging of the high-risk or vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Circ Res 2001; 89:305–316.PubMed Fayad ZA, Fuster V. Clinical imaging of the high-risk or vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Circ Res 2001; 89:305–316.PubMed
40.
go back to reference Yun M, Yeh D, Araujo LI, Jang S, Newberg A, Alavi A. F-18 FDG uptake in the large arteries. A new observation. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:314–319.PubMed Yun M, Yeh D, Araujo LI, Jang S, Newberg A, Alavi A. F-18 FDG uptake in the large arteries. A new observation. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:314–319.PubMed
41.
go back to reference Yun M, Jang S, Cucchiara A, Newberg AB, Alavi A.18F-FDG uptake in the large arteries: a correlation study with the atherogenic risk factors. Semin Nucl Med 2002; 32:70–76.PubMed Yun M, Jang S, Cucchiara A, Newberg AB, Alavi A.18F-FDG uptake in the large arteries: a correlation study with the atherogenic risk factors. Semin Nucl Med 2002; 32:70–76.PubMed
42.
go back to reference Rudd JHF, Warburton EA, Fryer TD, Jones HA, Clark JC, Antoun N, Johnström P, Davenport AP, Kirkpatrick PJ, Arch BN, Pickard JD, Weissberg PL. Imaging atherosclerotic plaque inflammation with [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Circulation 2002; 105:2708–2711.CrossRefPubMed Rudd JHF, Warburton EA, Fryer TD, Jones HA, Clark JC, Antoun N, Johnström P, Davenport AP, Kirkpatrick PJ, Arch BN, Pickard JD, Weissberg PL. Imaging atherosclerotic plaque inflammation with [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Circulation 2002; 105:2708–2711.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Sakalihasan N, Van Damme H, Gomez P, Rigo P, Lapiere CM, Nusgens B, Limet R. Positron emission tomography (PET) evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2002; 23:431–436.CrossRefPubMed Sakalihasan N, Van Damme H, Gomez P, Rigo P, Lapiere CM, Nusgens B, Limet R. Positron emission tomography (PET) evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2002; 23:431–436.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Lederman RJ, Raylman RR, Fisher SJ, Kison PV, San H, Nabel EG, Wahl RL. Detection of atherosclerosis using a novel positron-sensitive probe and18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Nucl Med Commun 2001; 22:747–753.PubMed Lederman RJ, Raylman RR, Fisher SJ, Kison PV, San H, Nabel EG, Wahl RL. Detection of atherosclerosis using a novel positron-sensitive probe and18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Nucl Med Commun 2001; 22:747–753.PubMed
45.
go back to reference Barron JT, Barany M, Gu L, Parrillo JE. Metabolic fate of glucose in vascular smooth muscle during contraction induced by norepinephrine. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1998; 30:709.CrossRefPubMed Barron JT, Barany M, Gu L, Parrillo JE. Metabolic fate of glucose in vascular smooth muscle during contraction induced by norepinephrine. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1998; 30:709.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Vallabhajosula S, Fuster V. Atherosclerosis: imaging techniques and the evolving role of nuclear medicine. J Nucl Med 1997; 38:1788–1796.PubMed Vallabhajosula S, Fuster V. Atherosclerosis: imaging techniques and the evolving role of nuclear medicine. J Nucl Med 1997; 38:1788–1796.PubMed
47.
go back to reference Vallabhajosula S, Machac J, Knesaurek K, et al. Imaging atherosclerotic macrophage density by positron emission tomography using F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). J Nucl Med 1996; 37:1788–1796. Vallabhajosula S, Machac J, Knesaurek K, et al. Imaging atherosclerotic macrophage density by positron emission tomography using F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). J Nucl Med 1996; 37:1788–1796.
48.
go back to reference Helft G, Worthley SG, Zhang ZY, Tang C, Rodriguez O, Wei T, Fallon JT, Fayad ZA, Mahac J, Buschsbaum M, Fuster V, Badimon JJ. Non-invasive in vivo imaging of atherosclerotic lesions using fluorine-18 deoxyglucose (18-FDG) PET correlates with macrophage content in a rabbit model [abstract]. Circulation 1999; 100 (Suppl I):I-311. Helft G, Worthley SG, Zhang ZY, Tang C, Rodriguez O, Wei T, Fallon JT, Fayad ZA, Mahac J, Buschsbaum M, Fuster V, Badimon JJ. Non-invasive in vivo imaging of atherosclerotic lesions using fluorine-18 deoxyglucose (18-FDG) PET correlates with macrophage content in a rabbit model [abstract]. Circulation 1999; 100 (Suppl I):I-311.
49.
go back to reference Mochizuki Y, Fujii H, Yasuda S, Nakahara T, Takahashi W, Ide M, Koide S, Shohtsu A. FDG accumulation in aortic walls. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:68–69.CrossRefPubMed Mochizuki Y, Fujii H, Yasuda S, Nakahara T, Takahashi W, Ide M, Koide S, Shohtsu A. FDG accumulation in aortic walls. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:68–69.CrossRefPubMed
50.
go back to reference Hoogendoorn EH, Oyen WJG, van Dijk APJ, van der Meer JWM. Pneumococcal aortitis, report of a case with emphasis on the contribution to diagnosis of positron emission tomography using fluorinated deoxyglucose. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9:73–76.CrossRefPubMed Hoogendoorn EH, Oyen WJG, van Dijk APJ, van der Meer JWM. Pneumococcal aortitis, report of a case with emphasis on the contribution to diagnosis of positron emission tomography using fluorinated deoxyglucose. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9:73–76.CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Weyand CM, George BB. Giant cell arteritis: new concepts in pathogenesis and implications for management. Am J Ophthalmol 1997; 123:392–395.PubMed Weyand CM, George BB. Giant cell arteritis: new concepts in pathogenesis and implications for management. Am J Ophthalmol 1997; 123:392–395.PubMed
52.
go back to reference Hotchi M. Pathological studies on Takayasu arteritis [review]. Heart Vessels Suppl 1992; 7:11–17.PubMed Hotchi M. Pathological studies on Takayasu arteritis [review]. Heart Vessels Suppl 1992; 7:11–17.PubMed
53.
go back to reference Ross R. Atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:115–126.PubMed Ross R. Atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:115–126.PubMed
54.
go back to reference Numano F, Kishi Y, Tanaka A, Ohkawara M, Kakuta T, Kobayashi Y. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in Takayasu arteritis [review]. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 902:65–76.PubMed Numano F, Kishi Y, Tanaka A, Ohkawara M, Kakuta T, Kobayashi Y. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in Takayasu arteritis [review]. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 902:65–76.PubMed
55.
go back to reference Numano F. Vasa vasoritis, vasculitis and atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol 2000; 75 Suppl 1:S1–S8; discussion S17–S19. Numano F. Vasa vasoritis, vasculitis and atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol 2000; 75 Suppl 1:S1–S8; discussion S17–S19.
56.
go back to reference Kayser M, Younge B, Björnsonn J, Goronzy JJ, Weyland CM. Formation of new vasa vasorum in vasculitis. Am J Pathol 1999; 155:765–774.PubMed Kayser M, Younge B, Björnsonn J, Goronzy JJ, Weyland CM. Formation of new vasa vasorum in vasculitis. Am J Pathol 1999; 155:765–774.PubMed
57.
go back to reference Rittner HL, Kaiser M, Brack A, Szweda LI, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. Tissue-destructive macrophages in giant cell arteritis. Circ Res 1999; 84:1050–1058.PubMed Rittner HL, Kaiser M, Brack A, Szweda LI, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. Tissue-destructive macrophages in giant cell arteritis. Circ Res 1999; 84:1050–1058.PubMed
58.
59.
go back to reference Disdier P, Pellissier JF, Harle JR. Significance of isolated vasculitis of the vasa vasorum of temporal artery biopsy. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:258–260.PubMed Disdier P, Pellissier JF, Harle JR. Significance of isolated vasculitis of the vasa vasorum of temporal artery biopsy. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:258–260.PubMed
60.
go back to reference Wilcox JN, Scott NA. Potential role of the adventitia in arteritis and atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol 1996; 54 Suppl 1:21–35. Wilcox JN, Scott NA. Potential role of the adventitia in arteritis and atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol 1996; 54 Suppl 1:21–35.
61.
go back to reference Deichen JT, Prante O, Gack M, Schmiedehausen K, Kuwert T. Uptake of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in human monocyte-macrophage in vitro. Eur J Nucl Med 2003; 30:267–273. Deichen JT, Prante O, Gack M, Schmiedehausen K, Kuwert T. Uptake of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in human monocyte-macrophage in vitro. Eur J Nucl Med 2003; 30:267–273.
62.
go back to reference Zhuang HM, Pourdehnad M, Lambright ES, Yamamoto AJ, Lanuti M, Li P, Mozley PD, Rossman MD, Albelda SM, Alavi A. Dual time point 18F-FDG imaging for differentiating malignant from inflammatory process. J Nucl Med 2001; 42:1412–1417.PubMed Zhuang HM, Pourdehnad M, Lambright ES, Yamamoto AJ, Lanuti M, Li P, Mozley PD, Rossman MD, Albelda SM, Alavi A. Dual time point 18F-FDG imaging for differentiating malignant from inflammatory process. J Nucl Med 2001; 42:1412–1417.PubMed
63.
go back to reference Zhao S, Kuge Y, Tsukamoto E, Mochizuki T, Kato T, Hikosaka K, Hosokawa M, Tamaki N. Effects of insulin and glucose loading on FDG uptake in experimental malignant tumors and inflammatory lesions. Eur J Nucl Med 2001; 28:730–735. Zhao S, Kuge Y, Tsukamoto E, Mochizuki T, Kato T, Hikosaka K, Hosokawa M, Tamaki N. Effects of insulin and glucose loading on FDG uptake in experimental malignant tumors and inflammatory lesions. Eur J Nucl Med 2001; 28:730–735.
64.
go back to reference Service RF. New dynamic duo: PET, MRI, joined for the first time. Science 1996; 272:1423.PubMed Service RF. New dynamic duo: PET, MRI, joined for the first time. Science 1996; 272:1423.PubMed
65.
go back to reference Dizendorf EV, Treyer V, von Schulthess GK, Hany TF. Application of oral contrast media in coregistered positron emission tomography–CT. AJR 2002; 179:477–488. Dizendorf EV, Treyer V, von Schulthess GK, Hany TF. Application of oral contrast media in coregistered positron emission tomography–CT. AJR 2002; 179:477–488.
Metadata
Title
Imaging of large vessel vasculitis with 18FDG PET: illusion or reality? A critical review of the literature data
Authors
Tarik Belhocine
Daniel Blockmans
Roland Hustinx
Johan Vandevivere
Luc Mortelmans
Publication date
01-09-2003
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging / Issue 9/2003
Print ISSN: 1619-7070
Electronic ISSN: 1619-7089
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-003-1209-y

Other articles of this Issue 9/2003

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 9/2003 Go to the issue