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Pediatric Radiology
Published in: Pediatric Radiology 12/2022

Open Access 23-04-2022 | Ultrasound | Original Article

Pancreatic shear wave elastography in children with type 1 diabetes: relation to diabetes duration, glycemic indices, fasting C-peptide and diabetic complications

Authors: Nouran Yousef Salah, Sherihane Said Madkour, Khaled Sayed Soliman

Published in: Pediatric Radiology | Issue 12/2022

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Abstract

Background

Little is known about changes in the pancreas as the course of type 1 diabetes progresses. Recently, shear wave elastography (SWE) emerged as a tool for assessing pancreatic stiffness in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer with a few studies assessing it in diabetes.

Objective

To compare pancreatic SWE in children with recent-onset and long-standing type 1 diabetes to healthy controls and to correlate it with diabetes duration, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), functional B cell reserve (fasting C-peptide) and diabetic complications.

Materials and methods

Fifty children with type 1 diabetes (25 with recent-onset and 25 with long-standing type 1 diabetes) and 50 controls were enrolled. Diabetes duration, insulin therapy, fundoscopic examination of the eyes and the neuropathy disability score were assessed. Fasting C-peptide, lipids, HbA1C and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio were measured. Pancreatic SWE was measured using the General Electric Logiq P9 ultrasound system.

Results

The mean SWE of the studied children with recent-onset type 1 diabetes was 4.81±0.62 kilopascals (Kpa), those with long-standing type 1 diabetes was 7.10±1.56Kpa and for controls was 5.57±0.27 Kpa (P<0.001). SWE was positively correlated to diabetes duration (P<0.001) and negatively correlated to fasting C-peptide (P<0.001). Regarding diabetes complications, SWE was positively correlated to frequency of severe hypoglycemia (P=0.005), HbA1C (P=0.03), low-density lipoproteins (P<0.001) and cholesterol (P<0.001) and significantly related to diabetic neuropathy (P=0.04) and nephropathy (P=0.05). Diabetes duration, fasting C-peptide, HbA1C and frequency of severe hypoglycemia were the significant independent variables related to SWE increase by multivariable regression analysis.

Conclusion

Pancreatic SWE changes significantly with duration of type 1 diabetes, being lowest in those with recent-onset type 1 diabetes and highest in those with long-standing type 1 diabetes, particularly those with diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy.
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Metadata
Title
Pancreatic shear wave elastography in children with type 1 diabetes: relation to diabetes duration, glycemic indices, fasting C-peptide and diabetic complications
Authors
Nouran Yousef Salah
Sherihane Said Madkour
Khaled Sayed Soliman
Publication date
23-04-2022
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Radiology / Issue 12/2022
Print ISSN: 0301-0449
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1998
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-022-05363-1

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