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Pediatric Radiology
Published in: Pediatric Radiology 6/2014

01-06-2014 | Minisymposium

Radiologic diagnosis of chest infection in children: WHO end-point consolidation

Authors: Nasreen Mahomed, Shabir A. Madhi

Published in: Pediatric Radiology | Issue 6/2014

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Excerpt

Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years, with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines providing an opportunity to reduce this burden of illness [1]. In 2007 the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended global expansion of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7), with priority introduction in countries with a <5-years-old child mortality rate of >50/1,000 live births, in countries where >50,000 children die annually and in countries with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [2]. …
Literature
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O’Brien KL, Wolfson LJ, Watt JP et al (2009) Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 374:893–902PubMedCrossRef
2.
World Health Organization (2007) Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for childhood immunization- WHO position paper. Weekly epidemiological record. http://​www.​who.​int/​wer. Accessed 3 Feb 2014
3.
Cherian T, Mulholland EK, Carlin JB et al (2005) Standardized interpretation of paediatric chest radiographs for the diagnosis of pneumonia in epidemiological studies. Bull World Health Organ 83:353–359PubMedCentralPubMed
4.
Klugman KP, Madhi SA, Huebner RE et al (2003) A trial of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children with and those without HIV infection. N Engl J Med 34914:1341–1348CrossRef
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Cutts FT, Zaman SMA, Enwere G et al (2005) Efficacy of nine-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease in the Gambia: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 365:1139–1146PubMedCrossRef
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Madhi SA, Kuwanda L, Cutland C et al (2005) The impact of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the public health burden of pneumonia in HIV-infected and -uninfected children. Clin Infect Dis 40:1511–1518PubMedCrossRef
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Griffin MR, Zhu Y, Moore MR et al (2013) U.S. hospitalizations for pneumonia after a decade of pneumococcal vaccination. N Engl J Med 369:155–163PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Radiologic diagnosis of chest infection in children: WHO end-point consolidation
Authors
Nasreen Mahomed
Shabir A. Madhi
Publication date
01-06-2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Radiology / Issue 6/2014
Print ISSN: 0301-0449
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1998
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-014-2933-0

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