Published in:
01-03-2012 | Point/Counterpoint
VCUG and the recurring question of sedation: preparation and catheterization technique are the key
Author:
D. Gregory Bates
Published in:
Pediatric Radiology
|
Issue 3/2012
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Excerpt
The voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is the most frequently performed fluoroscopic examination in pediatric radiology departments for the investigation of the lower urogenital tract in children. A variety of clinical indications exists and include urinary tract infections (UTI), vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR), prenatal hydronephrosis, congenital renal anomalies, posterior urethral valves (PUV), bladder diverticula, hypospadias, cloacal abnormalities, Mullerian duct remnants, imperforate anus, bladder and urethral trauma, hematuria, urolithiasis, renal transplantation and assessment of the unstable bladder [
1‐
3]. The VCUG is not likely to be replaced any time soon. If one only considers vesicoureteral reflux, an estimated 50,000 children are diagnosed with VUR after urinary tract infection each year in the United States [
4]. The number of children undergoing screening examinations, therefore, is likely in the many hundreds of thousands. …