Comparison of the Efficacy of Different-Sized Amplatzer Duct Occluders (I, II, and II AS) in Children Weighing Less Than 10 kg

The transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) may cause more complications in small children. Amplatzer (St. Jude Medical, Plymouth, MN) has produces three types of devices for ductal occlusion: the Amplatzer duct occluder I (ADO I) and II (ADO II) and the recently introduced ADO II additional sizes (ADO II AS). We performed this study to determine the efficacy and complication rates in children who weigh <10 kg for the three types of devices used in our clinic. Between February 2007 and March 2012, 77 patients weighing <10 kg had their PDAs occluded with ADOs. The mean age of the patients was 0.76 ± 0.44 years (range 17 days–2 years), and their mean weight was 6.73 ± 2.05 (range 1.2–9.9) kg. In total, 54 girls (70.1 %) and 23 boys (29.9 %) with a mean pulmonary ductus diameter of 2.55 ± 1.0 (1.08–5.94) mm were included in the study. The ADO I was used in 26 patients (33.8 %); the ADO II was used in 43 patients (55.8 %); and the ADO II AS was used in 8 patients (10.4 %). The mean ages of patients with the ADO I, ADO II, and ADO II AS were 1.07 ± 0.48, 0.66 ± 0.31, and 0.28 ± 0.17 years (p < 0.05), respectively. Their mean weights were 7.86 ± 1.45, 6.50 ± 1.85, and 4.36 ± 2.49 kg (p < 0.05), respectively. Their mean narrowest ductal diameters were 3.11 ± 0.96, 2.25 ± 1.06, and 2.33 ± 1.01 mm (p < 0.05), respectively. The use of the ADO II and ADO II AS was found to be more common in type C defects. One patient with the ADO I and 5 patients with the ADO II (7.8 %) developed varying degrees of left pulmonary artery stenosis or iatrogenic aortic coarctation. In 1 patient, the ADO II AS was replaced with the ADO II due to a significant residual shunt observed during the procedure. Each of the ADOs has its own advantages and disadvantages. Although the ADO I is convenient for medium- and large-sized defects, the ADO II and ADO II AS can be used both anterogradely and retrogradely. The ADO II AS is safe and efficient to use in small infants.