Top

Published in:

01-03-2012 | Review Article

Automated External Defibrillators and Secondary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Adolescents

Authors: Joshua Kovach, Stuart Berger

Published in: Pediatric Cardiology | Issue 3/2012

Abstract

Sudden cardiac death is devastating at any age, but it is especially so among children and adolescents. This report discusses the outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and describes public access defibrillation programs in general and those directed at children and adolescents. In addition, the relatively new concept of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)–automated external defibrillator (AED) programs directed at schools is discussed. Although limited data are available, some of the preliminary data suggest improved OHCA outcomes associated with CPR-AED programs implemented in schools. These early data provide hope for the future potential reduction in the incidence of sudden cardiac deaths in the school setting, not only among children and adolescents, but also among adults.

Bar-Cohen Y, Walsh EP, Love BA, Cecchin F (2005) First appropriate use of automated external defibrillator in an infant. Resuscitation 67:135–137PubMedCrossRef

Becker LB, Ostrander MP, Barrett J, Kondos GT (1991) Outcome of CPR in a large metropolitan area: where are the survivors? Ann Emerg Med 20:355–361PubMedCrossRef

Becker L, Eisenberg M, Fahrenbruch C, Cobb L (1998) Public locations of cardiac arrest: implications for public access defibrillation. Circulation 97:2106–2109PubMed

Berger S, Whitstone BN, Frisbee SJ et al (2004) Cost-effectiveness of project ADAM: a project to prevent sudden cardiac death in high school students. Pediatr Cardiol 25:660–667PubMedCrossRef

Caffrey SL, Willoughby PJ, Pepe PE, Becker LB (2002) Public use of automated external defibrillators. N Eng J Med 347:1242–1247CrossRef

Collins KK, Silva JNA, Rhee EK, Schaffer MS (2010) Use of a wearable automated defibrillator in children compared to young adults. PACE 33:1119–1124PubMedCrossRef

Corrado D, Basso C, Rizzoli G et al (2003) Does sports activity enhance the risk of sudden death in adolescents and young adults? J Am Coll Cardiol 42:1959–1963PubMedCrossRef

Cummins RO, Ornato JP, Thics WH, Pepe PE (1991) Improving survival from sudden cardiac arrest: the “chain of survival” concept: a statement for health care professionals from the Advanced Cardiac Care Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation 83:832–847

Divekar A, Soni R (2006) Successful parental use of an automated external defibrillator for an infant with Long-QT syndrome. Pediatrics 118:e526PubMedCrossRef

10.

Drezner JA, Rogers KJ (2006) Sudden cardiac arrest in intercollegiate athletes: detailed analysis and outcomes of resuscitation in nine cases. Heart Rhythm 3:755–759PubMedCrossRef

11.

Drezner JA, Rogers KJ, Zimmer RR, Sennett BJ (2005) Use of automated external defibrillators at NCAA division I universities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37:1487–1492PubMedCrossRef

12.

Drezner JA, Courson RW, Roberts WO et al (2007) Inter-Association Task Force recommendations on emergency preparedness and management of sudden cardiac arrest in high school and college athletic programs: a consensus statement. Heart Rhythm 4:549–565PubMedCrossRef

13.

Drezner JA, Chun JSDY, Harmon KG, Derminer L (2008) Survival trends in the United States following exercise-related sudden cardiac arrest in the youth: 2000–2006. Heart Rhythm 5:794–799PubMedCrossRef

14.

Drezner J, Harmon K, Heistand J et al (2009) Effectiveness of emergency response planning for sudden cardiac arrest in United States high schools with automated external defibrillation. Circulation 120:518–525PubMedCrossRef

15.

Eisenberg MS, Moore J, Cummins RO et al (1989) Use of the automatic external defibrillator in homes of survivors of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 63:443–446PubMedCrossRef

16.

England H, Hoffman C, Hodgman T et al (2005) Effectiveness of automated external defibrillators in high schools in greater Boston. Am J Cardiol 95:1484–1486PubMedCrossRef

17.

England H, Weinberg PS, Estes NAM (2006) The automated external defibrillator: clinical benefits and legal liability. JAMA 295:687–690PubMedCrossRef

18.

Everitt MD, Saarel EV (2010) Use of the wearable external cardiac defibrillator in children. PACE 33:742–746PubMedCrossRef

19.

Gurnett CA, Atkins DL (2000) Successful use of a biphasic waveform automated external defibrillator in a high-risk child. Am J Cardiol 86:1051–1053PubMedCrossRef

20.

Hallstrom AP, Ornato JP, Weisfeldt M et al (2004) Public-access defibrillation and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. N Eng J Med 351:637–646CrossRef

21.

Hazinski MR, Markenson D, Neish S et al (2004) Response to cardiac arrest and selected life-threatening medical emergencies: the medical emergency response plan for schools: a statement for healthcare providers, policymakers, school administrators, and community leaders. Circulation 109:278–291

22.

Jorgenson DB, Skarr T, Russell JK et al (2003) AED use in businesses, public facilities, and homes by minimally trained first responders. Resuscitation 59:225–233PubMedCrossRef

23.

Lofti K, White L, Rea T et al (2007) Cardiac arrest in schools. Circulation 116:1374–1379CrossRef

24.

Lombardi G, Gallagher J, Gennis P (1994) Outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in New York City: the pre-hospital arrest survival evaluation (PHASE) study. JAMA 271:678–683PubMedCrossRef

25.

Maron BJ (2003) Sudden death in athletes. N Eng J Med 349:1064–1075CrossRef

26.

Maron BJ, Shirani J, Poliac LC et al (1996) Sudden death in young competitive athletes: clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles. JAMA 276:199–204PubMedCrossRef

27.

Maron BJ, Doerer JJ, Haas TS et al (2009) Sudden deaths in young competitive athletes: analysis of 1,866 deaths in the United States, 1980–2006. Circulation 119:1085–1092PubMedCrossRef

28.

Murray CL, Steffensen I (2005) Automated external defibrillators for home use: issues in emerging health technologies. Issue 69. Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, Ottawa

29.

Page RL, Joglar JA, Kowal RC et al (2000) Use of automated external defibrillators by a U.S. airline. N Eng J Med 343:1210–1216CrossRef

30.

Rothmier JD, Drezner JA, Harmon KG (2007) Automated external defibrillators in Washington state high schools. Br J Sports Med 41:301–305PubMedCrossRef

31.

Samson RA, Berg RA, Bingham R et al (2003) Use of automated external defibrillators for children: an update: an advisory statement from the Pediatric Life Support Task Force, International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Circulation 107:3250–3255PubMedCrossRef

32.

The American Heart Association in collaboration with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (2000) Part 4: the automated external defibrillator: key link in the chain of survival. In: Guidelines 2000 for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation 102(Suppl 8): I-60–I-76

33.

Valenzuela TD, Roe DJ, Nichol G et al (2000) Outcomes of rapid defibrillation by security officers after cardiac arrest in casinos. N Eng J Med 343:1206–1209CrossRef

34.

Van Camp SP, Bloor CM, Mueller FO et al (1995) Nontraumatic sports death in high school and college athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 27:641–647PubMed

Title: Automated External Defibrillators and Secondary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Joshua Kovach
Stuart Berger
Publication date: 01-03-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Pediatric Cardiology / Issue 3/2012
Print ISSN: 0172-0643
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1971
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-012-0158-2

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Automated External Defibrillators and Secondary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Adolescents

Abstract

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2012

The Pre-Sports Cardiovascular Evaluation: Should It Depend on the Level of Competition, the Sport, or the State?

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stimulant Therapy, and the Patient with Congenital Heart Disease: Evidence and Reason

The Molecular Autopsy: Should the Evaluation Continue After the Funeral?

Sudden Cardiac Death and Malignant Arrhythmias: The Scope of the Problem in Adult Congenital Heart Patients

Coronary Artery Abnormalities and Sudden Cardiac Death

Call for a Sudden Cardiac Death Registry: Should Reporting of Sudden Cardiac Death be Mandatory?

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page