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Neuroradiology
Published in: Neuroradiology 2/2013

01-09-2013 | Invited Review

Limitations of routine neuroimaging in predicting outcomes of preterm infants

Authors: Hilary E. A. Whyte, Susan Blaser

Published in: Neuroradiology | Special Issue 2/2013

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Abstract

Introduction

Preterm births are increasing in number and while the rates of cerebral palsy have declined, there are increasing numbers of infants who survive with handicaps. In some studies, up to 50 % of children will have morbidity when followed up to school age.

Methods

A review of current literature was conducted to determine the validity of routine cranial ultrasound scans (CUS) to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes, including motor and cognitive deficits. We also reviewed the additional benefit offered by including MRI scans in scanning protocols to enhance the reliability in predicting the neurodevelopmental sequelae of prematurity.

Results

CUS is valuable as a screening tool to determine significant brain injury when conducted regularly over the first weeks of life in preterm infants. Subtle changes on CUS are difficult to interpret and more precise information is offered by performing MRI scans. These are most often carried out at term equivalent age but earlier scans may be just as useful in predicting neurocognitive outcomes. When MRI scans are either normal or seriously abnormal, there is a very clear correlation with outcome to 2 years of age. Mild and moderate degrees of injury defined on MRI need more sophisticated scanning sequences to determine the likelihood of associated sequelae. Follow-up to school age is essential to diagnose more subtle cognitive delays.

Conclusion

CUS provides a good screening tool to detect serious brain injury resulting in motor handicaps but MRI scans are complementary and necessary to accurately predict the outcomes of preterm infants, especially cognitive delays.
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Metadata
Title
Limitations of routine neuroimaging in predicting outcomes of preterm infants
Authors
Hilary E. A. Whyte
Susan Blaser
Publication date
01-09-2013
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Neuroradiology / Issue Special Issue 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0028-3940
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1920
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-013-1238-6

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