Top

Published in:

01-10-2016 | Original Research

Sonic Hedgehog Promotes Cementoblastic Differentiation via Activating the BMP Pathways

Authors: Won-Jung Bae, Q-Schick Auh, Hyun-Chang Lim, Gyu-Tae Kim, Hyun-Soo Kim, Eun-Cheol Kim

Published in: Calcified Tissue International | Issue 4/2016

Abstract

Although sonic hedgehog (SHH), an essential molecule in embryogenesis and organogenesis, stimulates proliferation of human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells, the effects of recombinant human SHH (rh-SHH) on osteoblastic differentiation are unclear. To reveal the role of SHH in periodontal regeneration, expression of SHH in mouse periodontal tissues and its effects on the osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation in human cementoblasts were investigated. SHH is immunolocalized to differentiating cementoblasts, PDL cells, and osteoblasts of the developing mouse periodontium. Addition of rh-SHH increased cell growth, ALP activity, and mineralization nodule formation, and upregulated mRNA expression of osteoblastic and cementoblastic markers. The osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation of rh-SHH was abolished by the SHH inhibitor cyclopamine (Cy) and the BMP antagonist noggin. rh-SHH increased the expression of BMP-2 and -4 mRNA, as well as levels of phosphorylated Akt, ERK, p38, and JNK, and of MAPK and NF-κB activation, which were reversed by noggin, Cy, and BMP-2 siRNA. Collectively, this study is the first to demonstrate that SHH can promote cell growth and cell osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation via BMP pathway. Thus, SHH plays important roles in the development of periodontal tissue, and might represent a new therapeutic target for periodontitis and periodontal regeneration.

Bartold PM, McCulloch CA, Narayanan AS, Pitaru S (2000) Tissue engineering: a new paradigm for periodontal regeneration based on molecular and cell biology. Periodontology 24:253–269CrossRef

Wang HL, Greenwell H, Fiorellini J, Giannobile W, Offenbacher S, Salkin L, Townsend C, Sheridan P, Genco RJ (2005) Periodontal regeneration. J Periodontol 76(9):1601–1622PubMedCrossRef

Menicanin D, Hynes K, Han J, Gronthos S, Bartold PM (2015) Cementum and periodontal ligament regeneration. Adv Exp Med Biol 881:207–236PubMedCrossRef

Foster BL, Somerman MJ (2012) Cementum. In: McCauley LK, Somerman MJ (eds) Mineralized tissues in oral and craniofacial science: biological principles and clinical correlates, 1st edn. Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, pp 169–192

Kitagawa M, Tahara H, Kitagawa S, Oka H, Kudo Y, Sato S, Ogawa I, Miyaichi M, Takata T (2006) Characterization of established cementoblast-like cell lines from human cementum-lining cells in vitro and in vivo. Bone 39(5):1035–1042PubMedCrossRef

Lee SI, Lee DW, Yun HM, Cha HJ, Bae CH, Cho ES, Kim EC (2015) Expression of thymosin beta-4 in human periodontal ligament cells and mouse periodontal tissue and its role in osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation. Differentiation 90(1–3):16–26PubMedCrossRef

Jin H, Choung HW, Lim KT, Jin B, Jin C, Chung JH, Choung PH (2015) Recombinant human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes cementogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Tissue Eng Part A 21(23–24):2817–2828PubMedCrossRef

Hoz L, Romo E, Zeichner-David M, Sanz M, Nuñez J, Gaitán L, Mercado G, Arzate H (2012) Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) induces differentiation by human periodontal ligament cells under three-dimensional culture conditions. Cell Biol Int 36(2):129–136PubMedCrossRef

Bosshardt DD, Sculean A, Windisch P, Pjetursson BE, Lang NP (2005) Effects of enamel matrix proteins on tissue formation along the roots of human teeth. J Periodontal Res 40(2):158–167PubMedCrossRef

10.

Lee SY, Auh QS, Kang SK, Kim HJ, Lee JW, Noh K, Jang JH, Kim EC (2014) Combined effects of dentin sialoprotein and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on differentiation in human cementoblasts. Cell Tissue Res 357(1):119–132PubMedCrossRef

11.

Ingham PW, McMahon AP (2001) Hedgehog signaling in animal development: paradigms and principles. Genes Dev 15(23):3059–3087PubMedCrossRef

12.

Choudhry Z, Rikani AA, Choudhry AM, Tariq S, Zakaria F, Asghar MW, Sarfraz NK, Haider K, Shafiq AA, Mobassarah NJ (2014) Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway: a complex network. Ann Neurosci 21(1):28–31PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

13.

Hu X, Huang J, Feng L, Fukudome S, Hamajima Y, Lin J (2010) Sonic hedgehog (SHH) promotes the differentiation of mouse cochlear neural progenitors via the Math1-Brn3.1 signaling pathway in vitro. J Neurosci Res 88(5):927–935PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

14.

Elia D, Madhala D, Ardon E, Reshef R, Halvey O (2007) Sonic hedgehog promotes proliferation and differentiation of adult muscle cells: involvement of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta 1773(9):1438–1446PubMedCrossRef

15.

Dutton R, Yamada T, Turnley A, Bartlett PF, Murphy M (1999) Sonic hedgehog promotes neuronal differentiation of murine spinal cord precursors and collaborates with neurotrophin 3 to induce Islet-1. J Neurosci 19(7):2601–2608PubMed

16.

Warzecha J, Göttig S, Brüning C, Lindhorst E, Arabmothlagh M, Kuth A (2006) Sonic hedgehog protein promotes proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. J Orthop Sci 11(5):491–496PubMedCrossRef

17.

Chiang C, Litingtung Y, Lee E, Young KE, Corden JL, Westphal H, Beachy PA (1996) Cyclopia and defective axial patterning in mice lacking sonic hedgehog gene function. Nature 383(6599):407–413PubMedCrossRef

18.

Miyaji T, Nakase T, Iwasaki M, Kuriyama K, Tamai N, Highchi C, Myoui A, Tomita T, Yoshigawa H (2003) Expression and distribution of transcripts for sonic hedgehog in the early phase of fracture repair. Histochem Cell Biol 119(3):233–237PubMed

19.

Levi B, James AW, Nelson ER, Li S, Peng M, Commons GW, Lee M, Wu B, Longaker MT (2011) Human adipose-derived stromal cells stimulate autogenous skeletal repair via paracrine Hedgehog signaling with calvarial osteoblasts. Stem Cells Dev 20(2):243–257PubMedCrossRef

20.

Gritli-Linde A, Bei M, Maas R, Zhang XM, Linde A, McMahon AP (2002) Shh signaling within the dental epithelium is necessary for cell proliferation, growth and polarization. Development 129(23):5323–5337PubMedCrossRef

21.

Seidel K, Ahn CP, Lyons D, Nee A, Ting K, Brwonell I, Cao T, Carano RA, Curran T, Schober M, Fuchs E, Joyner A, Marin GR, de Sauvage FJ, Klein OD (2010) Hedgehog signaling regulates the generation of ameloblast progenitors in the continuously growing mouse incisor. Development 137(22):3753–3761PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

22.

Gaspard N, Bouschet T, Hourez R, Dimidschstein J, Naeije G, van den Ameele J, Espuny-Camacho I, Herpoel A, Passante L, Scjiffmann SN, Gaillard A, Vanderhaeghen P (2008) An intrinsic mechanism of corticogenesis from embryonic stem cells. Nature 455(7211):351–357PubMedCrossRef

23.

James AW, Leucht P, Levi B, Carre AL, Xu Y, Helms JA, Longaker MT (2010) Sonic Hedgehog influences the balance of osteogenesis and adipogenesis in mouse adipose-derived stromal cells. Tissue Eng Part A 16(8):2605–2616PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

24.

Spinella-Jaegle S, Rawadi G, Kawai S, Gallea S, Faucheu C, Mollat P, Courtois B, Bergaud B, Ramez V, Blanchet AM, Adelmant G, Baron R, Roman-Roman S (2001) Sonic hedgehog increases the commitment of pluripotent mesenchymal cells into the osteoblastic lineage and abolishes adipocytic differentiation. J Cell Sci 114(Pt 11):2085–2094PubMed

25.

Tian Y, Xu Y, Fu Q, Dong Y (2012) Osterix is required for Sonic hedgehog-induced osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation. Cell Biochem Biophys 64(3):169–176PubMedCrossRef

26.

Ho JE, Chung EH, Wall S, Schaffer DV, Healy KE (2007) Immobilized sonic hedgehog N-terminal signaling domain enhances differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 83(4):1200–1208PubMedCrossRef

27.

van der Horst G, Farih-Sips H, Löwik CW, Karperien M (2003) Hedgehog stimulates only osteoblastic differentiation of undifferentiated KS483 cells. Bone 33(6):899–910PubMedCrossRef

28.

Jemtland R, Divieti P, Lee K, Segre GV (2003) Hedgehog promotes primary osteoblast differentiation and increases PTHrP mRNA expression and iPTHrP secretion. Bone 32(6):611–620PubMedCrossRef

29.

Xia L, Zhang M, Chang Q, Wang L, Zeng D, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Jiang X (2013) Enhanced dentin-like mineralized tissue formation by AdShh-transfected human dental pulp cells and porous calcium phosphate cement. PLoS One 8(5):e62645PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

30.

Takahashi S, Kawashima N, Sakamoto K, Nakata A, Kameda T, Sugiyama AT, Katsube K, Suda H (2007) Differentiation of an ameloblast-lineage cell line (ALC) is induced by Sonic hedgehog signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 353(2):405–411PubMedCrossRef

31.

Jiang Q, Du J, Yin X, Shan Z, Ma Y, Ma P, Du J, Fan Z (2013) Shh signaling, negatively regulated by BMP signaling, inhibits the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation potentials of mesenchymal stem cells from apical papilla. Mol Cell Biochem 383(1–2):85–93PubMedCrossRef

32.

Plaisant M, Fontaine C, Cousin W, Rochet N, Dani C, Peraldi P (2009) Activation of hedgehog signaling inhibits osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 27(3):703–713PubMedCrossRef

33.

Krishnan V, Ma Y, Moseley J, Geiser A, Fraint S, Frolik C (2001) Bone anabolic effects of Sonic/Indian hedgehog are mediated by BMP-2/4-dependent pathways in the neonatal rat metatarsal model. Endocrinology 142(2):940–947PubMedCrossRef

34.

Spinella-Jaeqle S, Rawadi G, Kawai S, Gallea S, Faucheu C, Mollat P (2001) Sonic hedgehog increases the commitment of pluripotent mesenchymal cells into the osteoblastic lineage and abolishes adipocytic differentiation. J Cell Sci 114(Pt 111):2085–2094

35.

Hammerschmidt M, Brook A, McMahon AJ (1997) The world according to hedgehog. Trends Genet 13(1):14–21PubMedCrossRef

36.

Bitgood MJ, McMahon AP (1995) Hedgehog and Bmp genes are coexpressed at many diverse sites of cell-cell interaction in the mouse embryo. Dev Biol 172(1):126–138PubMedCrossRef

37.

Martínez C, Smith PC, Rodriguez JP, Palma V (2011) Sonic hedgehog stimulates proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. J Dent Res 90(4):483–488PubMedCrossRef

38.

Dassule HR, Lewis P, Bei M, Maas R, McMahon AP (2000) Sonic hedgehog regulates growth and morphogenesis of the tooth. Development 127(22):4775–4785PubMed

39.

Wu C, Shimo T, Liu M, Pacifici M, Koyama E (2003) Sonic hedgehog functions as a mitogen during bell stage of odontogenesis. Connect Tissue Res 44(Suppl 1):92–96PubMedCrossRef

40.

Gulino R, Gulisano M (2013) Noggin and Sonic hedgehog are involved in compensatory changes within the motoneuron-depleted mouse spinal cord. J Neurol Sci 332(1–2):102–109PubMedCrossRef

41.

van den Brink GR, Hardwick JC, Nielsen C, Xu C, ten Kate FJ, Glickman J, van Deventer SJ, Roberts DJ, Peppelenbosch MP (2002) Sonic hedgehog expression correlates with fundic gland differentiation in the adult gastrointestinal tract. Gut 51(5):628–633PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

42.

Lai K, Kaspar BK, Gage FH, Schaffer DV (2003) Sonic hedgehog regulates adult neural progenitor proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Nat Neurosci 6(1):21–27PubMedCrossRef

43.

Khan M, Seppala M, Zoupa M, Cobourne MT (2007) Hedgehog pathway gene expression during early development of the molar tooth root in the mouse. Gene Exp Patterns 7(3):239–243CrossRef

44.

Ming JE, Roessler E, Muenke M (1998) Human developmental disorders and the Sonic hedgehog pathway. Mol Med Today 4(8):343–349PubMedCrossRef

45.

Nakatomi M, Morita I, Eto K, Ota MS (2006) Sonic hedgehog signaling is important in tooth root development. J Dent Res 85(5):427–431PubMedCrossRef

46.

Nakatomi M, Hovorakova M, Gritli-Linde A, Blair HJ, MacArthur K, Peterka M, Lesot H, Peterkova R, Ruiz-Perez VL, Goodship JA, Peters H (2013) Evc regulates a symmetrical response to Shh signaling in molar development. J Dent Res 92(3):222–228PubMedCrossRef

47.

Alvarez-Pérez MA, Narayanan S, Zeichner-David M, Rodríguez Carmona B, Arzate H (2006) Molecular cloning, expression and immunolocalization of a novel human cementum-derived protein (CP-23). Bone 38(3):409–419PubMedCrossRef

48.

Arzate H, Olson SW, Page RC, Narayanan AS (1992) Isolation of human tumor cells that produce cementum proteins in culture. Bone Miner 18(1):15–30PubMedCrossRef

49.

Saito M, Iwase M, Maslan S, Nozaki N, Yamauchi M, Handa K, Takahashi O, Sato S, Kawase T, Teranaka T, Narayanan AS (2001) Expression of cementum-derived attachment protein in bovine tooth germ during cementogenesis. Bone 29(3):242–248PubMedCrossRef

50.

Eipeldauer S, Thomas A, Hoechtl-Lee L, Kecht M, Binder H, Koettstorfer J, Gregori M, Sarahrudi K (2014) Is sonic Hedgehog involved in human fracture healing?—a prospective study on local and systemic concentrations of SHH. PLoS One 9(12):668CrossRef

51.

Cai JQ, Huang YZ, Chen XH, Xie HL, Zhu HM, Tang L, Yang ZM, Huang YC, Deng L (2012) Sonic hedgehog enhances the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Int 36(4):349–355PubMedCrossRef

52.

Fu JR, Liu WL, Zhou JF, Sun HY, Xu HZ, Luo L, Zhang H, Zhou YF (2006) Sonic hedgehog protein promotes bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cell proliferation, migration and VEGF production via PI 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 27(6):685–693PubMedCrossRef

53.

Luo JD, Hu TP, Wang L, Chen MS, Liu SM, Chen AF (2009) Sonic hedgehog improves delayed wound healing via enhancing cutaneous nitric oxide function in diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297(2):E525–E531PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

54.

Asai J, Takenaka H, Kusano KF, Ii M, Luedemann C, Curry C, Eaton E, Iwakura A, Tsutsumi Y, Hamada H, Kishimoto S, Thorne T, Kishore R, Losordo DW (2006) Topical sonic hedgehog gene therapy accelerates wound healing in diabetes by enhancing endothelial progenitor cell-mediated microvascular remodeling. Circulation 113(20):2413–2424PubMedCrossRef

55.

Edwards PC, Ruggiero S, Fantasia J, Burakoff R, Moorji SM, Paric E, Razzano P, Grande DA, Mason JM (2005) Sonic hedgehog gene-enhanced tissue engineering for bone regeneration. Gene Ther 12(1):75–86PubMedCrossRef

56.

Chen JK, Taipale J, Cooper MK, Beachy PA (2002) Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling by direct binding of cyclopamine to Smoothened. Genes Dev 16(21):2743–2748PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

57.

Yun HM, Park KR, Quang TH, Oh H, Hong JT, Kim YC, Kim EC (2015) 2,4,5-Trimethoxyldalbergiquinol promotes osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization via the BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Death Dis 6:e1819PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

58.

Hallahan AR, Pritchard JI, Chandraratna RA, Ellenbogen RG, Geyer JR, Overland RP, Strand AD, Tapscott SJ, Olson JM (2003) BMP-2 mediates retinoid-induced apoptosis in medulloblastoma cells through a paracrine effect. Nat Med 9(8):1033–1038PubMedCrossRef

59.

Gazzerro E, Gangji V, Canalis E (1998) Bone morphogenetic proteins induce the expression of noggin, which limits their activity in cultured rat osteoblasts. J Clin Invest 102(12):2106–2114PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

60.

Devlin RD, Du Z, Pereira RC, Kimble RB, Economides AN, Jorgetti V, Canalis E (2003) Skeletal overexpression of noggin results in osteopenia and reduced bone formation. Endocrinology 144(5):1972–1978PubMedCrossRef

61.

Xiao G, Gopalakrishnan R, Jiang D, Reith E, Benson M, Franceschi RT (2002) Bone morphogenetic proteins, extracellular matrix, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways are required for osteoblast-specific gene expression and differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. J Bone Miner Res 17(1):101–110PubMedCrossRef

62.

Ghosh-Choudhury N, Mandal CC, Choudhury GG (2007) Statin-induced Ras activation integrates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signal to Akt and MAPK for bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression in osteoblast differentiation. J Biol Chem 282(7):4983–4993PubMedCrossRef

63.

Dormoy V, Danilin S, Lindner V, Thomas L, Rothhut S, Coquard C, Helwig JJ, Jacqmin D, Lang H, Massfelder T (2009) The sonic hedgehog signaling pathway is reactivated in human renal cell carcinoma and plays orchestral role in tumor growth. Mol Cancer 16(8):123CrossRef

Title: Sonic Hedgehog Promotes Cementoblastic Differentiation via Activating the BMP Pathways
Authors: Won-Jung Bae
Q-Schick Auh
Hyun-Chang Lim
Gyu-Tae Kim
Hyun-Soo Kim
Eun-Cheol Kim
Publication date: 01-10-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Calcified Tissue International / Issue 4/2016
Print ISSN: 0171-967X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0827
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-016-0155-1

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Sonic Hedgehog Promotes Cementoblastic Differentiation via Activating the BMP Pathways

Abstract

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 4/2016

Bone Formation is Affected by Matrix Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) In Vivo

Effects of TNF Inhibitors on Parathyroid Hormone and Wnt Signaling Antagonists in Rheumatoid Arthritis

HBM Mice Have Altered Bone Matrix Composition and Improved Material Toughness

Effects of Thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3′-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) and their Metabolites on Osteoblast Differentiation

Decreased Plasma Levels of Sclerostin But Not Dickkopf-1 are Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Osteoporotic Fracture and Lower Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Korean Women

The Effect of Vibration Treatments Combined with Teriparatide or Strontium Ranelate on Bone Healing and Muscle in Ovariectomized Rats

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page