The Influence of Therapeutic Radiation on the Patterns of Bone Remodeling in Ovary-Intact and Ovariectomized Mice

Our purpose was to characterize changes in bone remodeling associated with localized radiation that models therapeutic cancer treatment in ovary-intact (I) and ovariectomized (OVX) mice and to evaluate the influence of radiation on the pattern of bone mineral remodeling. Young adult, female BALB/c mice, I and OVX, were used (n = 71). All mice were intravenously injected with 15 μCi ⁴⁵Ca. Thirty days post-⁴⁵Ca administration, the hind limbs of 17 mice were exposed to a single dose of 16 Gy radiation (R). The time course of ⁴⁵Ca excretion, serum CTx and osteocalcin markers, and cancellous bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and cortical thickness (Ct.Th) of the distal femur were assayed. Cellular activity and dynamic histomorphometry were performed. Irradiation resulted in rapid increases in fecal ⁴⁵Ca excretion compared to control groups, indicating increased bone remodeling. CTx increased rapidly after irradiation, followed by an increase in osteocalcin concentration. BV/TV decreased in the I mice following irradiation. Ct.Th increased in the OVX groups following irradiation. I+R mice exhibited diminished osteoblast surface, osteoclast number, and mineral apposition. Our murine model showed the systemic effects (via ⁴⁵Ca excretion) and local effects (via bone microarchitecture and surface activity) of clinically relevant, therapeutic radiation exposure. The I and OVX murine models have similar ⁴⁵Ca excretion but different bone microarchitectural responses. The ⁴⁵Ca assay effectively indicates the onset and rate of systemic bone mineral remodeling, providing real-time assessment of changes in bone histomorphometric parameters. Monitoring bone health via a bone mineral marker may help to identify the appropriate time for clinical intervention to preserve skeletal integrity.