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Osteoporosis International

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01-07-2017 | Original Article

Cortical microstructure compensates for smaller bone size in young Caribbean Hispanic versus non-Hispanic white men

Authors: M. D. Walker, A. Kepley, K. Nishiyama, B. Zhou, E. Guo, T. L. Nickolas

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 7/2017

Abstract

Summary

Hispanic men have smaller bone size but thicker and denser cortices compared to white men, leading to similar mechanical competence.

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to assess differences in vBMD and microarchitecture in young Caribbean Hispanic (n = 30) and non-Hispanic Caucasian (n = 30) men.

Methods

We measured areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the spine, total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and forearm by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bone geometry, mass, microarchitecture, and mechanical competence by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT), individual trabecula segmentation (ITS), and finite element analysis (FEA).

Results

Hispanic men were slightly older, shorter, and heavier and had higher BMI compared with white men. aBMD, measured by DXA, did not differ at the spine, TH, or forearm before or after adjustment for age, height, weight, and the interaction of height and weight. At the FN, marginally significant higher BMD in Hispanics prior to adjustment was attenuated and no longer differed after adjustment for covariates. Adjusted HRpQCT indices indicated smaller total and trabecular area at the radius but greater total volumetric density and cortical thickness in Hispanic versus white men. The adjusted difference in cortical density at the radius was of borderline significance. Trabecular and ITS microstructure tended not to differ at the radius. At the tibia, results were similar. Bone size tended to be smaller and covariate-adjusted cortical density and cortical thickness were greater in Hispanic versus white men. Additionally, cortical porosity was lower at the tibia in Hispanic compared to white men. Stiffness and failure load did not differ at either skeletal site by ethnicity.

Conclusion

In conclusion, greater cortical thickness and density as well as lower cortical porosity tend to compensate for smaller bone size in Hispanic men, leading to similar mechanical competence compared with white men.

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Title: Cortical microstructure compensates for smaller bone size in young Caribbean Hispanic versus non-Hispanic white men
Authors: M. D. Walker
A. Kepley
K. Nishiyama
B. Zhou
E. Guo
T. L. Nickolas
Publication date: 01-07-2017
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: Osteoporosis International / Issue 7/2017
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-4013-4

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Cortical microstructure compensates for smaller bone size in young Caribbean Hispanic versus non-Hispanic white men

Abstract

Summary

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Summary

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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