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Published in: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 4/2022

16-11-2021 | Central Nervous System Trauma | Review Article

Precision medicine in trauma: a transformational frontier in patient care, education, and research

Authors: Christopher Stephen Davis, Katheryn Hope Wilkinson, Emily Lin, Nathaniel James Carpenter, Christina Georgeades, Gwen Lomberk, Raul Urrutia

Published in: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery | Issue 4/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

Trauma is the leading cause of death before the age of 45 in the United States. Precision medicine (PM) is the most advanced scientific form of medical practice and seeks to gather data from the genome, environmental interactions, and lifestyles. Relating to trauma, PM promises to significantly advance our understanding of the factors that contribute to the physiologic response to injury.

Methods

We review the status of PM-driven trauma care. Semantic-based methods were used to gather data on genetic/epigenetic variability previously linked to the principal causes of trauma-related outcomes. Data were curated to include human investigations involving genomics/epigenomics with clinical relevance identifiable early after injury.

Results

Most studies relevant to genomic/epigenomic differences in trauma are specific to traumatic brain injury and injury-related sepsis. Genomic/epigenomic differences rarely encompass other relevant factors, such as coagulability and pharmacogenomics. Few studies describe clinical use of genomics/epigenomics for therapeutic intervention in trauma care, and even fewer attempt to incorporate real-time genomic/epigenomic information to precisely guide clinical decision-making.

Conclusion

Considering that genomics/epigenomics, environmental exposures, and lifestyles are most likely to be of significant medical relevance in advancing the field of trauma, the lack of application of concepts and methodologies from PM to trauma education, research, practice, and community wellness is underwhelming. We suggest that significant effort be given to incorporate the tools of what is becoming the “new medicine”.
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Metadata
Title
Precision medicine in trauma: a transformational frontier in patient care, education, and research
Authors
Christopher Stephen Davis
Katheryn Hope Wilkinson
Emily Lin
Nathaniel James Carpenter
Christina Georgeades
Gwen Lomberk
Raul Urrutia
Publication date
16-11-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery / Issue 4/2022
Print ISSN: 1863-9933
Electronic ISSN: 1863-9941
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-021-01817-7

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