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Clinical Neuroradiology
Published in: Clinical Neuroradiology 4/2017

01-12-2017 | Original Article

Pilot study of brain morphometry in a sample of Brazilian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: influence of clinical presentation

Authors: Giuseppe Pastura, Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo, Emerson Leandro Gasparetto, Otavio Figueiredo, Paulo Mattos, Alexandra Prüfer Araújo

Published in: Clinical Neuroradiology | Issue 4/2017

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Abstract

Purpose

Currently, the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rests on clinical criteria. Nonetheless, neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that children with ADHD have different cortical thickness and volume measures to typically developing children (TDC). In general, studies do not evaluate the influence of clinical presentation in the brain morphometry of ADHD children. Our objective was to perform a pilot study in order to evaluate cortical thickness and brain volume in a sample of Brazilian ADHD children and compare these to those of TDC, taking into account the influence of clinical presentation.

Methods

We performed an analytic study comparing 17 drug-naïve ADHD children of both genders, aged between 7 and 10, and 16 TDC. ADHD subjects were first considered as one group and further separated based on clinical presentation.

Results

The brain volume did not differ between patients and TDC. Smaller cortical thicknesses were identified on the left superior, medium and inferior temporal cortex, as well as in the left inferior parietal cortex. When compared to TDC, combined and inattentive ADHD presentations depicted smaller cortical thickness with high significance and power. The same magnitude of results was not observed when comparing inattentive ADHD and TDC.

Conclusions

In this pilot study, ADHD is associated with abnormalities involving the cortical thickness of the posterior attentional system. The cortical thickness in the left superior, medium and inferior temporal cortex, as well as in the left inferior parietal cortex may differ according to ADHD presentations.
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Metadata
Title
Pilot study of brain morphometry in a sample of Brazilian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: influence of clinical presentation
Authors
Giuseppe Pastura
Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo
Emerson Leandro Gasparetto
Otavio Figueiredo
Paulo Mattos
Alexandra Prüfer Araújo
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Neuroradiology / Issue 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1869-1439
Electronic ISSN: 1869-1447
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-016-0512-5

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