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Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie

Published in:

01-03-2016 | Original Article

Nickel ion concentrations in the saliva of patients treated with self-ligating fixed appliances: a prospective cohort study

Authors: Lina Gölz, Anna Christine Knickenberg, Ludger Keilig, Susanne Reimann, Spyridon N. Papageorgiou, Andreas Jäger, Christoph Bourauel

Published in: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie | Issue 2/2016

Abstract

Objective

Orthodontic appliances are considered to be highly biocompatible although adverse effects attributed to the release of nickel ions (Ni²⁺) have been documented. Self-ligating brackets have grown in popularity for economic reasons and supposed friction reduction. The aim of the present prospective cohort study was therefore to determine salivary Ni²⁺ concentrations in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with self-ligating fixed appliances.

Materials and methods

A group of 30 patients between 10 and 13 years of age were treated with self-ligating brackets (SmartClip™), molar bands, and nickel–titanium (NiTi) archwires. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected after different time points (before treatment, after self-ligating bracket and band placement, before archwire insertion, after archwire insertion, and finally 4 and 8 weeks afterwards) and analyzed with an ICP mass spectrometer followed by generalized estimating equation modelling with α = 5 %.

Results

The baseline median salivary Ni²⁺ concentration was 21.85 µg/l, while the Ni²⁺ concentrations at the following visits ranged between 13.73 and 85.34 µg/l. Significant increases in Ni²⁺ levels compared to the baseline levels were detected after band/bracket placement [+59.76 µg/l; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 44.88–74.64 µg/l; P < 0.001] and after archwire insertion (+53.55 µg/l; 95 % CI 25.57–81.52 µg/l; P < 0.001). After 4 weeks, Ni²⁺ concentrations returned to initial control levels or were lower.

Conclusion

Self-ligating orthodontic appliances may affect salivary Ni²⁺ concentrations in vivo over the short term. However, levels resembled those documented in conjunction with conventional bracket use and remained below the daily dietary Ni intake.

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Title: Nickel ion concentrations in the saliva of patients treated with self-ligating fixed appliances: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lina Gölz
Anna Christine Knickenberg
Ludger Keilig
Susanne Reimann
Spyridon N. Papageorgiou
Andreas Jäger
Christoph Bourauel
Publication date: 01-03-2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 1434-5293
Electronic ISSN: 1615-6714
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-016-0012-x

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Nickel ion concentrations in the saliva of patients treated with self-ligating fixed appliances: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on sleep in brain health

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

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