Top

International Journal of Public Health

Published in:

Open Access 01-05-2018 | Original Article

Burden of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2005–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study

Author: GBD 2015 Eastern Mediterranean Region Cancer Collaborators

Published in: International Journal of Public Health | Special Issue 1/2018

Abstract

Objectives

To estimate incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 2005 and 2015.

Methods

Vital registration system and cancer registry data from the EMR region were analyzed for 29 cancer groups in 22 EMR countries using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 methodology.

Results

In 2015, cancer was responsible for 9.4% of all deaths and 5.1% of all DALYs. It accounted for 722,646 new cases, 379,093 deaths, and 11.7 million DALYs. Between 2005 and 2015, incident cases increased by 46%, deaths by 33%, and DALYs by 31%. The increase in cancer incidence was largely driven by population growth and population aging. Breast cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia were the most common cancers, while lung, breast, and stomach cancers caused most cancer deaths.

Conclusions

Cancer is responsible for a substantial disease burden in the EMR, which is increasing. There is an urgent need to expand cancer prevention, screening, and awareness programs in EMR countries as well as to improve diagnosis, treatment, and palliative care services.

Available only for authorised users

Abdel-Razeq H, Attiga F, Mansour A (2015) Cancer care in Jordan. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 8:64–70. doi:10.1016/j.hemonc.2015.02.001 CrossRefPubMed

Al Mulhim FA, Syed A, Bagatadah WA, Al Muhanna AF (2015) Breast cancer screening programme: experience from Eastern province, Saudi Arabia. East Mediterr Health J Rev Sante Mediterr Orient Al-Majallah Al-Sihhiyah Li-Sharq Al-Mutawassit 21:111–119

Alavian SM, Haghbin H (2016) Relative importance of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma in EMRO countries and the middle east: a systematic review. Hepat Mon. doi:10.5812/hepatmon.35106 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Aljurf M, Zaidi SZ, Hussain F et al (2010) Status of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). Transfus Apher Sci 42:169–175. doi:10.1016/j.transci.2010.01.012 CrossRefPubMed

Al-Zalabani AH, Alharbi KD, Fallatah NI et al (2016) Breast Cancer Knowledge and Screening Practice and Barriers Among Women in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. J Cancer Educ. doi:10.1007/s13187-016-1057-7 CrossRef

American Institute for Cancer Research, World Cancer Research Fund (ed) (2007) Food, nutrition, physical activity and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective: a project of World Cancer Research Fund International. American Institute for Cancer Research, Washington, DC

Etemadi A, Khademi H, Kamangar F et al (2016) Hazards of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe in a Middle Eastern Population: a Cohort Study of 50 000 individuals from Iran. Tob Control. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053245 CrossRefPubMed

Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R et al (2015) Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer 136:E359–E386. doi:10.1002/ijc.29210 CrossRefPubMed

Foreman KJ, Lozano R, Lopez AD, Murray CJ (2012) Modeling causes of death: an integrated approach using CODEm. Popul Health Metr 10:1. doi:10.1186/1478-7954-10-1 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

GBD 2015 DALYs and HALE Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388:1603–1658. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31460-X CrossRef

GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388:1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 CrossRef

GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388:1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 CrossRef

GBD 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388:1659–1724. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8 CrossRef

Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaboration, Fitzmaurice C, Allen C et al (2016) Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 32 cancer groups, 1990 to 2015: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study. JAMA Oncol. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.5688 CrossRef

Goldie SJ, Gaffikin L, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD et al (2005) Cost-effectiveness of cervical-cancer screening in five developing countries. N Engl J Med 353:2158–2168. doi:10.1056/NEJMsa044278 CrossRefPubMed

Heydari G, Talischi F, Masjedi MR et al (2012) Comparison of tobacco control policies in the Eastern Mediterranean countries based on Tobacco Control Scale scores. East Mediterr Health J Rev Sante Mediterr Orient Al-Majallah Al-Sihhiyah Li-Sharq Al-Mutawassit 18:803–810

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (2011) Global initiative for cancer registry development (GICR). http://gicr.iarc.fr/. Accessed 13 May 2017

Kelly RJ, Smith TJ (2014) Delivering maximum clinical benefit at an affordable price: engaging stakeholders in cancer care. Lancet Oncol 15:e112–e118. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70578-3 CrossRefPubMed

Kulhánová I, Bray F, Fadhil I et al (2017) Profile of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean region: the need for action. Cancer Epidemiol 47:125–132. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2017.01.009 CrossRefPubMed

Lauby-Secretan B, Scoccianti C, Loomis D et al (2016) Body fatness and cancer—viewpoint of the IARC Working Group. N Engl J Med 375:794–798. doi:10.1056/NEJMsr1606602 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Maziak W, Taleb ZB, Bahelah R et al (2015) The global epidemiology of waterpipe smoking. Tob Control 24:i3–i12. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051903 CrossRefPubMed

Naghavi M, Makela S, Foreman K, O’Brien J et al (2010) Algorithms for enhancing public health utility of national causes-of-death data. Popul Heal Metr 8:9. doi:10.1186/1478-7954-8-9 CrossRef

National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016) NCCN guidelines hepatocellular carcinoma. Version 2.2016

Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M et al (2014) Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Regional Committee for the EM/RC57/Tech.Disc.1, Eastern Mediterranean (2010) Technical discussion on Strategic directions to improve health care financing in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: moving towards universal coverage 2011–2015

Sahloul E, Salem R, Alrez W et al (2016) Cancer care at times of crisis and war: the syrian example. J Glob Oncol JGO006189. doi:10.1200/JGO.2016.006189 CrossRef

Sankaranarayanan R (2014) Screening for Cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Ann Glob Health 80:412–417. doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2014.09.014 CrossRefPubMed

Spiegel P, Khalifa A, Mateen FJ (2014) Cancer in refugees in Jordan and Syria between 2009 and 2012: challenges and the way forward in humanitarian emergencies. Lancet Oncol 15:e290–e297. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70067-1 CrossRefPubMed

United Nations (2016) Sustainable development goals. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/. Accessed 1 Sept 2016

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2009) Refworld | UNHCR’s principles and guidance for referral health care for refugees and other persons of concern. In: Refworld. http://www.refworld.org/docid/4c1726e82.html. Accessed 16 May 2017

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2012) A guidance note on health insurance schemes for refugees and other persons of concern to UNHCR. http://www.unhcr.org/4f7d4cb1342.pdf. Accessed 16 May 2017

World Health Organization (2013) Global action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs 2013–2020. Available at: http://www.who.int/nmh/events/ncd_action_plan/en/. Accessed 16 Sep 2016

World Health Organization (2014) Report on the expert meeting on scaling-up cancer care in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Document WHO-EM/NCD/094/E/11.14. http://applications.emro.who.int/docs/IC_Meet_Rep_2014_EN_15570.pdf. Accessed 11 May 2017

Yip C-H, Smith RA, Anderson BO et al (2008) Guideline implementation for breast healthcare in low- and middle-income countries: early detection resource allocation. Cancer 113:2244–2256. doi:10.1002/cncr.23842 CrossRefPubMed

Title: Burden of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2005–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study
Author: GBD 2015 Eastern Mediterranean Region Cancer Collaborators
Publication date: 01-05-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: International Journal of Public Health / Issue Special Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 1661-8556
Electronic ISSN: 1661-8564
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-017-0999-9

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Burden of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2005–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Special Issue 1/2018

Burden of diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

Moving to action in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

When violence becomes endemic

Burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

Diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

Neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality and morbidity burden in the Eastern Mediterranean region: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study