Top

International Journal of Public Health

Published in:

Open Access 01-05-2018 | Original Article

Burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

Author: GBD 2015 Eastern Mediterranean Region Cardiovascular Disease Collaborators

Published in: International Journal of Public Health | Special Issue 1/2018

Abstract

Objectives

To report the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) during 1990–2015.

Methods

We used the 2015 Global Burden of Disease study for estimates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of different CVD in 22 countries of EMR.

Results

A total of 1.4 million CVD deaths (95% UI: 1.3–1.5) occurred in 2015 in the EMR, with the highest number of deaths in Pakistan (465,116) and the lowest number of deaths in Qatar (723). The age-standardized DALY rate per 100,000 decreased from 10,080 in 1990 to 8606 in 2015 (14.6% decrease). Afghanistan had the highest age-standardized DALY rate of CVD in both 1990 and 2015. Kuwait and Qatar had the lowest age-standardized DALY rates of CVD in 1990 and 2015, respectively. High blood pressure, high total cholesterol, and high body mass index were the leading risk factors for CVD.

Conclusions

The age-standardized DALY rates in the EMR are considerably higher than the global average. These findings call for a comprehensive approach to prevent and control the burden of CVD in the region.

Available only for authorised users

Abd El-Aty MA, Meky FA, Morsi MM, Al-Lawati JA, El Sayed MK (2015) Hypertension in the adult Omani population: predictors for unawareness and uncontrolled hypertension. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 90(3):125–132. doi:10.1097/01.EPX.0000470547.32952.cf CrossRefPubMed

Ahmad B, Fouad FM, Elias M, Zaman S, Phillimore P, Maziak W (2015) Health system challenges for the management of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: an empirical qualitative study from Syria. Int J Public Health 60(S1):55–62CrossRef

Barakat H, Barakat H, Baaj MK (2012) CVD and obesity in transitional Syria: a perspective from the Middle East. Vasc Health Risk Manag 8:145–150. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S28691 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Barber RM, Fullman N, Sorensen RJD et al (2017) Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30818-8 CrossRef

Behnood-Rod A, Rabbanifar O, Pourzargar P et al (2016) Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications in Iranian Patients. Int J Hypertens 2016:1508752. doi: 10.1155/2016/1508752 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Dieleman JL, Baral R, Birger M et al (2016) US Spending on Personal Health Care and Public Health, 1996–2013. JAMA 316:2627–2646. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.16885 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

El Bcheraoui C, Basulaiman M, Tuffaha M et al (2014a) Status of the diabetes epidemic in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2013. Int J Public Health 59, pp. 1011–1021, doi: 10.1007/s00038-014-0612-4 CrossRefPubMed

El Bcheraoui C, Memish ZA, Tuffaha M et al (2014b) Hypertension and its associated risk factors in the kingdom of saudi arabia, 2013: a national survey. Int J Hypertens 2014:564679. doi:10.1155/2014/564679 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

GBD 2015 DALYs/HALE Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388(10053):1603–1658. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31460-X CrossRef

GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388(10053):1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 CrossRef

GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388(10053):1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 CrossRef

GBD 2015 SDGs Collaborators (2016) Measuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: a baseline analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388(10053):1813–1850. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31467-2 CrossRef

IHME (2016) Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 (GBD 2015) Data input sources tool. http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015/data-input-sources?locations=137&components=3&causes=491. Accessed 10 June 2017

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) (2017) GBD Compare Data Visualization https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. Accessed 4 April 2017

Khatib R, McKee M, Shannon H et al (2016) Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data. The Lancet 387, pp. 61–69, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00469-9 CrossRef

Loney T, Aw T-C, Handysides DG et al (2013) An analysis of the health status of the United Arab Emirates: the ‘Big 4’ public health issues. Global Health Action 6(1):20100. doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.20100 CrossRefPubMed

Mensah GA, Roth GA, Sampson UKA et al. (2015) Mortality from cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Cardiovasc J Afr 26:S6–S10. doi:10.5830/CVJA-2015-036 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Moradi-Lakeh M, El Bcheraoui C, Daoud F et al (2016) Medication use for chronic health conditions among adults in Saudi Arabia: findings from a national household survey. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 25:73–81. doi:10.1002/pds.3904 CrossRefPubMed

Najafipour H, Nasri HR, Afshari M et al (2014) Hypertension: diagnosis, control status and its predictors in general population aged between 15 and 75 years: a community-based study in southeastern Iran. Int J Public Health 59:999–1009. doi:10.1007/s00038-014-0602-6 CrossRefPubMed

Nakagami T, Qiao Q, Tuomilehto J et al (2006) Screen-detected diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in five populations of Asian origin: the DECODA study. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil Off J Eur Soc Cardiol Work Groups Epidemiol Prev Card Rehabil Exerc Physiol 13:555–561. doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000183916.28354.69 CrossRef

Nichols M, Townsend N, Scarborough P, Rayner M (2014) Cardiovascular disease in Europe 2014: epidemiological update. Eur Heart J 35(42):2950–2959. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu299 CrossRefPubMed

Romdhane HB, Tlili F, Skhiri A, Zaman S, Phillimore P (2015) Health system challenges of NCDs in Tunisia. Int J Public Health 60(S1):39–46CrossRef

Roth GA, Huffman MD, Moran AE et al. (2015a) Global and regional patterns in cardiovascular mortality from 1990 to 2013. Circulation 132:1667–1678. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008720 CrossRef

Roth GA, Nguyen G, Forouzanfar MH, Mokdad AH, Naghavi M, Murray CJ (2015b) Estimates of global and regional premature cardiovascular mortality in 2025. Circulation 132(13):1270–1282. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016021 CrossRefPubMed

Shara NM (2010) Cardiovascular disease in Middle Eastern women. Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis 20(6):412–418. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2010.01.013 CrossRef

Smith SC Jr (2011) Reducing the global burden of ischemic heart disease and stroke: a challenge for the cardiovascular community and the United Nations. Circulation 124(3):278–279. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.040170 CrossRefPubMed

Uthman OA, Hartley L, Rees K, Taylor F, Ebrahim S, Clarke A (2015) Multiple risk factor interventions for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in low- and middle-income countries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011163.pub2 CrossRefPubMed

van Mourik MS, Cameron A, Ewen M, Laing RO (2010) Availability, price and affordability of cardiovascular medicines: a comparison across 36 countries using WHO/HAI data. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 10:25. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-10-25 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wirtz VJ, Kaplan WA, Kwan GF, Laing RO (2016) Access to medications for cardiovascular diseases in low- and middle-income countries. Circulation 133(21):2076–2085. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.008722 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

World Development Indicators database WB (2017) Gross national income per capita 2015, Atlas method and PPP. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GNIPC.pdf. Accessed 10 June 2017

World-Health-Organization (2010) Package of essential noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions for primary health care in low-resource settings. http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/essential_ncd_interventions_lr_settings.pdf. Accessed 4 Apr 2017

Title: Burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study
Author: GBD 2015 Eastern Mediterranean Region Cardiovascular Disease Collaborators
Publication date: 01-05-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: International Journal of Public Health / Issue Special Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 1661-8556
Electronic ISSN: 1661-8564
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-017-1012-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Special Issue 1/2018

Diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

The burden of mental disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2015: findings from the global burden of disease 2015 study

When violence becomes endemic

Moving to action in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Burden of vision loss in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study

Burden of diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study