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Inflammation Research
Published in: Inflammation Research 9/2020

01-09-2020 | Celiac Disease | Original Research Paper

The expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα correlate with TGM2 in duodenum biopsies of patients with celiac disease

Authors: Paola Catrogiovanni, Giuseppe Musumeci, Salvatore Giunta, Rosa Imbesi, Michelino Di Rosa

Published in: Inflammation Research | Issue 9/2020

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Abstract

Objective and design

Celiac disease (CD) is an intestinal inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Gliadins are a component of gluten and there are three main types (α, γ, and ω). Recent studies indicate that gliadin peptides are able to activate an innate immune response. IL15 is a major mediator of the innate immune response and is involved in the early alteration of CD mucosa. The chitinase molecules are highly expressed by the innate immune cells during the inflammatory processes.

Material or subjects

We analyzed several microarray datasets of PBMCs and duodenum biopsies of CD patients and healthy control subjects (HCs). We verified the modulation CHI3L1 in CD patients and correlated the expression levels to the IL15, IL15Rα, TGM2, IFNγ, and IFNGR1/2. Duodenal biopsy samples belonged to nine active and nine treated children patients (long-term effects of gliadin), and 17 adult CD patients and 10 adults HCs. We also selected 169 samples of PBMCs from 127 CD patients on adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 2 years and 44 HCs.

Results

Our analysis showed that CHI3L1 and IL15Rα were significantly upregulated in adult and children’s celiac duodenum biopsies. In addition, the two genes were correlated significantly both in children than in adults CD duodenum biopsies. No significant modulation was observed in PBMCs of adult CD patients compared to the HCs. The correlation analysis of the expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα compared to TGM showed significant values both in adults and in children duodenal biopsies. Furthermore, the IFNγ expression levels were positively correlated with CHI3L1 and IL15Rα. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed the diagnostic ability of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα to discriminate CD from HCs.

Conclusion

Our data suggest a role for CHI3L1 underlying the pathophysiology of CD and represent a starting point aiming to inspire new investigation that proves the possible use of CHI3L1 as a diagnostic factor and therapeutic target.
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Metadata
Title
The expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα correlate with TGM2 in duodenum biopsies of patients with celiac disease
Authors
Paola Catrogiovanni
Giuseppe Musumeci
Salvatore Giunta
Rosa Imbesi
Michelino Di Rosa
Publication date
01-09-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Inflammation Research / Issue 9/2020
Print ISSN: 1023-3830
Electronic ISSN: 1420-908X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-020-01371-9

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