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The journal of nutrition, health & aging
Published in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging 9/2019

Open Access 01-11-2019 | Sarcopenia

Physical Frailty: ICFSR International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Identification and Management

Authors: E. Dent, J. E. Morley, A. J. Cruz-Jentoft, L. Woodhouse, L. Rodríguez-Mañas, L. P. Fried, J. Woo, I. Aprahamian, A. Sanford, J. Lundy, F. Landi, J. Beilby, F. C. Martin, J. M. Bauer, L. Ferrucci, R. A. Merchant, B. Dong, H. Arai, E. O. Hoogendijk, C. W. Won, A. Abbatecola, T. Cederholm, T. Strandberg, L. M. Gutiérrez Robledo, L. Flicker, S. Bhasin, M. Aubertin-Leheudre, H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari, J. M. Guralnik, J. Muscedere, M. Pahor, J. Ruiz, A. M. Negm, J. Y. Reginster, D. L. Waters, B. Vellas

Published in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging | Issue 9/2019

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Abstract

Objective

The task force of the International Conference of Frailty and Sarcopenia Research (ICFSR) developed these clinical practice guidelines to overview the current evidence-base and to provide recommendations for the identification and management of frailty in older adults.

Methods

These recommendations were formed using the GRADE approach, which ranked the strength and certainty (quality) of the supporting evidence behind each recommendation. Where the evidence-base was limited or of low quality, Consensus Based Recommendations (CBRs) were formulated. The recommendations focus on the clinical and practical aspects of care for older people with frailty, and promote person-centred care.

Recommendations for Screening and Assessment

The task force recommends that health practitioners case identify/screen all older adults for frailty using a validated instrument suitable for the specific setting or context (strong recommendation). Ideally, the screening instrument should exclude disability as part of the screening process. For individuals screened as positive for frailty, a more comprehensive clinical assessment should be performed to identify signs and underlying mechanisms of frailty (strong recommendation).

Recommendations for Management

A comprehensive care plan for frailty should address polypharmacy (whether rational or nonrational), the management of sarcopenia, the treatable causes of weight loss, and the causes of exhaustion (depression, anaemia, hypotension, hypothyroidism, and B12 deficiency) (strong recommendation). All persons with frailty should receive social support as needed to address unmet needs and encourage adherence to a comprehensive care plan (strong recommendation). First-line therapy for the management of frailty should include a multi-component physical activity programme with a resistance-based training component (strong recommendation). Protein/caloric supplementation is recommended when weight loss or undernutrition are present (conditional recommendation). No recommendation was given for systematic additional therapies such as cognitive therapy, problem-solving therapy, vitamin D supplementation, and hormone-based treatment. Pharmacological treatment as presently available is not recommended therapy for the treatment of frailty.
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Metadata
Title
Physical Frailty: ICFSR International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Identification and Management
Authors
E. Dent
J. E. Morley
A. J. Cruz-Jentoft
L. Woodhouse
L. Rodríguez-Mañas
L. P. Fried
J. Woo
I. Aprahamian
A. Sanford
J. Lundy
F. Landi
J. Beilby
F. C. Martin
J. M. Bauer
L. Ferrucci
R. A. Merchant
B. Dong
H. Arai
E. O. Hoogendijk
C. W. Won
A. Abbatecola
T. Cederholm
T. Strandberg
L. M. Gutiérrez Robledo
L. Flicker
S. Bhasin
M. Aubertin-Leheudre
H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari
J. M. Guralnik
J. Muscedere
M. Pahor
J. Ruiz
A. M. Negm
J. Y. Reginster
D. L. Waters
B. Vellas
Publication date
01-11-2019
Publisher
Springer Paris
Keywords
Sarcopenia
Care
Published in
The journal of nutrition, health & aging / Issue 9/2019
Print ISSN: 1279-7707
Electronic ISSN: 1760-4788
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1273-z

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